Ilimin cututtukan dabbobi
 Ilimin cututtukan dabbobi | |
|---|---|
academic discipline (en)  , veterinary specialty (en) da branch of epidemiology (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | epidemiology (en) da veterinary science (en) |
| Gudanarwan | veterinary epidemiologist (en) |
Ilimin yaduwar dabbobi (wanda aka fi sani da epizootiology ko epizoology) reshe ne na ilmin yaduwar da ke nazarin mitar, rarrabawa, da abubuwan da ke haifar da kiwon lafiya da cututtuka a cikin yawan dabbobi.[1] Duk da yake ilmin yaduwar ɗan adam yana mai da hankali kan cututtuka a cikin yawan mutane, ilmin yuguwar dabbobi yana amfani da ka'idoji da hanyoyin iri ɗaya ga dabbobi na gida, dabbobi, da namun daji, tare da burin hanawa, ragewa, ko kawar da tasirin cututtuka ga al'ummomin da ke fama da cutar.[2] A cikin aikin dabbobi, ana amfani da hanyoyin dabba-linkid="6" href="./Epidemiology" id="mwBw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Epidemiology">yaduwar cututtuka ba kawai don inganta lafiyar dabbobi ba har ma da inganta yawan aiki a cikin tsarin noma.[1]
Ilimin yaduwar dabbobi yana da alaƙa da lafiyar jama'a da kuma tsarin One Health, wanda ya fahimci cewa lafiyar mutane, dabbobi, da muhalli suna da alaƙa.[1] Saboda fiye da kashi 60 cikin 100 na sanannun cututtukan cututtukani na mutum sun samo asali ne daga dabbobi, likitocin cututtukano suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a sa ido kan cututtuka, binciken barkewar cutar, da kuma Kula da cututtuka da ke shafar dabbobi da mutane.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tushen ilimin annoba, gami da aikace-aikacen dabbobi, ana iya gano su zuwa tsakiyar karni na 19. A cikin 1842, Ignaz Semmelweis ya kafa alaƙa tsakanin ayyukan asibiti da mutuwar uwa daga zazzabin jariri a Babban Asibitin da ke Vienna, yana nuna cewa mutuwa ta fi girma a cikin ɗakunan da likitoci suka halarta waɗanda suka yi necropsies a farkon wannan rana. Shawararsa ta karɓi ƙa'idodin tsabtace jiki ta rage mutuwa zuwa matakan baya.[3]
A shekara ta 1854, John Snow ya gudanar da abin da yanzu ake la'akari da daya daga cikin binciken farko na barkewar cutar, yana tantance alaƙar da ke tsakanin gurbataccen ruwa daga famfo na Broad Street da annobar kwalara a Landan. Cire maɓallin famfo ya ba da gudummawa ga raguwa da sarrafa barkewar cutar.[3] Wadannan karatun - wadanda ke dauke da tattara bayanai na tsari, bincike mai zurfi, da kuma amfani da dabarun nazari don sanar da aikin kiwon lafiya na jama'a - ana daukar su a matsayin binciken tushe na ilmin annoba na zamani.[3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "About One Health". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2025-06-27. Retrieved 2026-03-26.
- ↑ "Veterinary public health". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 2026-03-26.
- 1 2 3 Perez, AM (2015-11-17). "Past, Present, and Future of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics: One Health, Many Challenges, No Silver Bullets". Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2: 60. doi:10.3389/fvets.2015.00060. PMC 4672277. PMID 26664987. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Perez_2015" defined multiple times with different content.