Ilimin hankali
Ilimin halin dan Adam (wani abu da ke nuna ilimin halin dan Adam ) magani ne da aka yi amfani da shi bisa shaida ga marasa lafiya da waɗanda suke ƙauna, wanda ke ba da bayanai da tallafi don fahimtar da kuma magance rashin lafiya. Ilimin halin dan Adam galibi ana danganta shi da mummunan cututtukan kwakwalwa, gami da schizophrenia, ɓacin rai na asibiti, matsalolin damuwa, matsalolin cin abinci, matsalar bipolar da kuma matsalolin halayen mutum . An kuma yi amfani da kalmar don shirye-shiryen da ke magance cututtukan jiki, kamar ciwon daji . [1]
Ilimin halayyar ɗan adam yana koyar da marasa lafiya da iyalai dabarun warware matsaloli da sadarwa, yayin da yake samar da ilimi da albarkatu a cikin yanayi mai tausayi da tallafi. Sakamakon bincike sama da 30 ya nuna cewa ilimin halayyar ɗan adam yana inganta walwalar iyali, yana rage yawan sake dawowa da kuma inganta murmurewa.
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ilimin halayyar ɗan adam wanda aka bayar da ƙwarewa a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam wata hanya ce mai yuwuwa ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan tabin hankali masu tsanani (SMI) da kuma 'yan uwansu. Abubuwan da ke cikin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam na iya zama masu sassauƙa dangane da buƙatun mai fama da tabin hankali da kuma ci gabansa zuwa murmurewa ko kula da rashin lafiya. Wasu manufofin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ga mutumin da ke fama da SMI na iya haɗawa da ƙara sanin yanayin rashin lafiyarsa (kamar gano alamun gargaɗi da wuri na aukuwa a cikin rashin lafiyar bipolar) da kuma ƙara bin ƙa'idodin magani. [2] Ilimin halayyar ɗan adam kuma ana iya mayar da hankali kan 'yan uwa, da nufin jawo hankali, ilmantarwa, da tallafawa 'yan uwa don su iya taimaka wa mutumin da ke fama da SMI wajen sarrafa rashin lafiyarsa. Wannan yana da amfani yayin da 'yan uwa na mutanen da ke da SMI galibi suna shiga cikin farawa, ba da shawara, da tallafawa kula da lafiyar kwakwalwar ɗan uwansu. Ana iya ba su aikin manajan shari'a, mai sa ido kan magunguna, mai tsara kuɗi, ko mai kula da gidaje ba tare da ilimi ko shiri ba a baya, don haka ilimin halayyar ɗan adam hanya ce mai yuwuwa don ƙara wannan ilimin da tallafi. [1] [3] Muhimmancin shigar iyali da ingancin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam na iyali an gane su ta hanyar jagororin aiki mafi kyau don magance mutanen da ke da mummunan yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa.
Tarihi
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An fara lura da manufar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a cikin littattafan likitanci, a cikin wani labarin John E. Donley mai suna "Psychotherapy and re-education" a cikin Mujallar Ilimin Halin Dan Adam na Abubuwa Marasa Kyau, wanda aka buga a 1911. [4] Sai bayan shekaru 30 ne aka fara amfani da kalmar psychoeducation a cikin littattafan likitanci a cikin taken littafin The psychology clinic na Brian E. Tomlinson. New York, NY, Amurka: MacMillan Co. An buga wannan littafin a 1941. A cikin Faransanci, misali na farko na kalmar psychoéducation yana cikin rubutun " La stabilité du comportament " wanda aka buga a 1962. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]
Jeannine Guindon ta kasance majagaba a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a cikin aikinta da yara masu fama da matsaloli a Montreal, Kanada, a shekarun 1970. [5] [6]
An danganta yaɗuwar kalmar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da kuma haɓaka ta zuwa yanayin da take a yanzu da wani mai bincike ɗan Amurka CM Anderson a shekarar 1980 dangane da maganin cutar schizophrenia . [7] Bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan ilmantar da dangi game da alamun cutar schizophrenia. Haka kuma, bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan daidaita ikon zamantakewa da kuma inganta kula da 'yan uwa a tsakaninsu. A ƙarshe, binciken CM Anderson ya haɗa da dabarun magance damuwa mafi inganci. Ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ya samo asali ne daga sake koyan ƙwarewar motsin rai da zamantakewa ga majiyyaci. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an haɓaka shirye-shiryen rukuni masu tsari, don sa ilimin ya zama mai sauƙin fahimta ga marasa lafiya da iyalansu. [3]
Mutum ɗaya da ƙungiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana iya gudanar da ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ta hanyar tattaunawa ta mutum ɗaya ko kuma a cikin ƙungiyoyi da kuma ta kowace ƙwararren malamin lafiya da kuma ƙwararrun likitoci kamar ma'aikatan jinya, masu ba da shawara kan lafiyar kwakwalwa, ma'aikatan zamantakewa, masu ilimin motsa jiki, masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, da likitoci . A cikin ƙungiyoyin, ana sanar da marasa lafiya da yawa game da cututtukansu a lokaci guda. Hakanan, musayar ƙwarewa tsakanin marasa lafiya da abin ya shafa da goyon bayan juna suna taka rawa a cikin tsarin warkarwa.
Takaitaccen ilimin halin dan Adam
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An ƙirƙiri ɗan gajeren ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a matsayin hanyar rage amfani da lokacin ma'aikacin kiwon lafiya. [8] : 2 Karancin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam (ƙasa da makonni 10) yana ƙara bin ƙa'idodin magungunan da tsarin kiwon lafiya ya ba da shawara. Ba a san ko yana rage sake dawowa ba duk da cewa yana iya faruwa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa yana rage ingancin kula da lafiya (nazarin tunani na iya zama ƙasa da ƙarfinsa). Akwai shaidar da ba ta da inganci cewa yana iya inganta wasu matakan ayyukan zamantakewa kamar nakasa ta zamantakewa. Akwai bayanai marasa inganci da ke nuna cewa yana rage damar mutuwa. [8] : 25
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 Tay, Kay Chai Peter; Seow, Chuen Chai Dennis; Xiao, Chunxiang; Lee, Hui Min Julian; Chiu, Helen FK; Chan, Sally Wai-Chi (2016-03-01). "Structured interviews examining the burden, coping, self-efficacy, and quality of life among family caregivers of persons with dementia in Singapore". Dementia (in Turanci). 15 (2): 204–220. doi:10.1177/1471301214522047. ISSN 1471-3012. PMID 24535819. S2CID 43429019.
- ↑ Stafford, N.; Colom, F. (2013). "Purpose and effectiveness of psychoeducation in patients with bipolar disorder in a bipolar clinic setting". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (in Turanci). 127 (s442): 11–18. doi:10.1111/acps.12118. ISSN 1600-0447.
- 1 2 "Using Mixed-Methods Research to Examine the Effectiveness of a Psycho-educational Intervention for Caregivers of Persons With Dementia - SAGE Research Methods". methods.sagepub.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2017-05-29. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Donley, John E. (1911). "Psychotherapy and re-education". The Journal of Abnormal Psychology (in Turanci). 6 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1037/h0071950. ISSN 0145-2339.
- ↑ Boily, Robert (30 September 2002). "Tribute to Jeannine Guindon - Tribute to Professor Edmond Orban". Forum. Université de Montréal. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ↑ "Jeannine Guindon". Ordre de Montréal. 29 November 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ↑ Anderson, C. M.; Hogarty, G. E.; Reiss, D. J. (1980-01-01). "Family Treatment of Adult Schizophrenic Patients: A Psycho-educational Approach". Schizophrenia Bulletin (in Turanci). 6 (3): 490–505. doi:10.1093/schbul/6.3.490. ISSN 0586-7614. PMID 7403810.
- 1 2 Zhao, Sai; Sampson, Stephanie; Xia, Jun; Jayaram, Mahesh B (2015-04-09). Cochrane Schizophrenia Group (ed.). "Psychoeducation (brief) for people with serious mental illness". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (in Turanci) (4). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010823.pub2. PMC 11053383 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 25854522.