Ilimin muhalli na zane-zane
Ilimin muhalli na fasaha (AEE) yana haɗa ilimin fasaha da ilimin muhalli a cikin aiki ɗaya. Hanyar tana da halaye biyu masu mahimmanci. Na farko shine yana nufin wani nau'in ilimin muhalli wanda ya fara daga hanyar fasaha. Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan ilimin waje ko na muhalli waɗanda ke ba da sarari don ƙwarewar ado ba, AEE yana juya tebur ta hanyar asali. Fasaha ba ƙari ba ce, abin da ke kan gaba; maimakon haka shine maƙasudin farko a ƙoƙarin nemo hanyoyin da mutane za su iya haɗawa da muhallinsu. Wani muhimmin sifa na biyu shine cewa AEE yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin farko na zamani na haɗa ayyukan fasaha da ilimin muhalli inda masu aiki suka yi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar ilimin lissafi .
Tushen ilimin muhalli bisa fasaha kamar yadda aka haɓaka shi a Finland
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mawallafin fasaha na ƙasar Finland, Meri-Helga Mantere, ne ya fara ƙirƙiro kalmar "ilimin muhalli bisa fasaha" (AEE) a shekarun 1990. Mantere ta bayyana AEE a matsayin nau'in ilmantarwa wanda ke da nufin haɓaka fahimtar muhalli da alhakin "ta hanyar ƙara karɓar fahimta da lura da kuma amfani da hanyoyin fasaha don bayyana gogewa da tunani na muhalli na mutum". [1] Kwarewar fasaha tana inganta ikon mutum na gani; suna taimaka wa mutum wajen sani da fahimta. Saboda haka, ta dage cewa waɗannan na iya zama da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen koyo game da muhalli. Bayanin Mantere game da hanyarta ta ilimin muhalli bisa fasaha za a iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin yunƙurin farko na ma'anar:
A takaice, fahimtar Mantere game da AEE ta dogara ne akan imanin cewa ana iya haɓaka fahimtar muhalli ta hanyar ayyukan fasaha. A matsayinta na mai zane, kuma a matsayinta na malami kuma mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, ta gano cewa yana da mahimmanci a koma ga tushen tsari da ƙwarewar fahimta. A nan, tambayar yadda muke fahimta da kuma yadda muke karɓar ko ƙin saƙonnin muhalli yana da mahimmanci. Yana da mahimmanci a ja layi - saboda yana musanta zarge-zargen da ake yi na rungumar ra'ayin soyayya game da yanayi - shine akwai kuma sarari ga ɓangaren "inuwar" na gogewa, don jin ƙyama, tsoro da azaba.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ van Boeckel, J. (2013). At the Heart of Art and Earth: An Exploration of Practices in Arts-based Environmental Education. Helsinki: Aalto University, School of Arts, Design and Architecture