Illar sauyin yanayi kan lafiyar dan adam
 Illar sauyin yanayi kan lafiyar dan adam | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Tasirin canjin yanayi, determinants of health (en)  , global health (en) , public health (en) da Lafiyar muhalli |
| Fuskar |
health effects from climate (en) |
Tasirin sauyin yanayi ga lafiyar dan adam yana da yawa domin yana kara kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da zafi da mace-mace, cututtukan numfashi, da yaduwar cututtuka masu yaduwa. Akwai yarjejeniya mai yawa tsakanin masu bincike, kwararrun kiwon lafiya da kungiyoyi cewa sauyin yanayi shine babbar barazanar kiwon lafiya a duniya na karni na 21.[1][2]
Haɓaka yanayin zafi da canje-canje a yanayin yanayi suna ƙara tsananin zafi, matsanancin yanayi da sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiya, rauni ko mutuwa. Raƙuman zafi da matsanancin yanayin yanayi suna da babban tasiri ga lafiya kai tsaye da kuma a kaikaice[3] Lokacin da mutane suka gamu da matsanancin zafi na dogon lokaci za su iya samun ciwon zafi da kuma mutuwar da ke da alaƙa da zafi.[4]
Baya ga tasirin kai tsaye, canjin yanayi da matsanancin yanayi na haifar da canje-canje a cikin biosphere. Wasu cututtuka da ake ɗauka da kuma yaɗa su ta hanyar masu rai kamar sauro da kaska (wanda aka sani da vectors) na iya zama ruwan dare a wasu yankuna. Cututtukan sun hada da zazzabin dengue da zazzabin cizon sauro. Haka nan kamuwa da cututtukan da ke haifar da ruwa kamar na gudawa zai yiyu.[5]
Canje-canjen yanayi na iya haifar da raguwar amfanin gona ga wasu amfanin gona da yankuna, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar farashin abinci, ƙarancin abinci, da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Canjin yanayi na iya rage samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai tsafta. Matsanancin yanayi da tasirinsa na kiwon lafiya na iya yin barazana ga rayuwa da kwanciyar hankali na tattalin arzikin mutane. Wadannan abubuwan tare zasu iya haifar da karuwar talauci, ƙaura ɗan adam, rikice-rikicen tashin hankali, da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa.
Sauyin yanayi yana shafar lafiyar ɗan adam a kowane zamani, tun daga ƙuruciya har zuwa samartaka, girma da tsufa. Abubuwa kamar shekaru, jinsi da matsayi na zamantakewa suna tasiri ga yadda waɗannan tasirin ke zama haɗari mai yaduwa ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Waɗannan sun haɗa da yara, tsofaffi, ma'aikatan waje da marasa galihu: 15
Bayanin tasirin lafiya da hanyoyin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Za a iya karkasa illolin da sauyin yanayi ke haifarwa ga lafiyar ɗan adam zuwa tasiri kai tsaye da kuma kai tsaye: 1867 Matsanancin yanayi da suka haɗa da yawaitar guguwa, ambaliya, fari, zafin rana da gobarar daji na iya haifar da rauni, rashin lafiya, ko mutuwa kai tsaye. Tasirin sauyin yanayi kai tsaye yana faruwa ne ta hanyar sauye-sauye a yanayin da ke canza tsarin yanayin duniya a kan babban sikelin. Wadannan sun hada da kara tabarbarewar ingancin ruwa, gurbacewar iska, karancin abinci, da saurin yaduwar kwari masu dauke da cututtuka.
Dukansu tasirin kiwon lafiya kai tsaye da kaikaice da tasirinsu sun bambanta a duk faɗin duniya kuma tsakanin ƙungiyoyin mutane daban-daban dangane da shekaru, jinsi, motsi da sauran dalilai. Misali, bambance-bambance a cikin samar da sabis na kiwon lafiya ko ci gaban tattalin arziki zai haifar da haɗarin lafiya daban-daban da sakamako ga mutane a yankuna daban-daban, tare da ƙasashe masu ƙarancin ci gaba suna fuskantar haɗarin kiwon lafiya. A wurare da yawa, haɗuwa da ƙananan matsayi na zamantakewar zamantakewa da matsayi na jinsi yana haifar da karuwar haɗari ga lafiyar mata da 'yan mata a sakamakon sauyin yanayi, idan aka kwatanta da wadanda maza da maza suke fuskanta (ko da yake zance yana iya amfani da shi a wasu lokuta).
Illolin kiwon lafiya daban-daban waɗanda ke da alaƙa da canjin yanayi sun haɗa da cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan numfashi, cututtukan cututtuka, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, tabin hankali, rashin lafiya, rauni da guba: Hoto na 2
Har ila yau, samar da kiwon lafiya na iya yin tasiri ta hanyar rushewar tsarin kiwon lafiya da kuma lalata abubuwan more rayuwa saboda abubuwan da suka haifar da yanayi kamar ambaliyar ruwa. Don haka, gina tsarin kiwon lafiya masu jure yanayin yanayi shine fifiko[6]: 15
Haɗarin lafiya daga matsanancin yanayi da al'amuran yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙarin bayani: Tasirin sauyin yanayi § Yanayi, da matsanancin yanayi
Sauyin yanayi yana ƙaruwa da yawa da ƙarfin wasu abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi mai tsanani. Matsanancin zafi da yanayin sanyi su ne mafi kusantar karuwa da tabarbarewar ruwan sama mai yawa ko dusar ƙanƙara da ƙaruwar tsananin fari.
Mummunan yanayi, kamar ambaliyar ruwa, guguwa, zafin rana, fari da gobarar daji na iya haifar da raunuka, mutuwa da yaduwar cututtuka.[Misali, annoba a cikin gida na iya faruwa saboda asarar kayayyakin more rayuwa, kamar asibitoci da ayyukan tsafta, amma kuma saboda sauyin yanayi da ke haifar da yanayin da ya dace da halittu masu dauke da cututtuka.[7]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Atwoli, Lukoye; Baqui, Abdullah H; Benfield, Thomas; Bosurgi, Raffaella; Godlee, Fiona; Hancocks, Stephen; Horton, Richard; Laybourn-Langton, Laurie; Monteiro, Carlos Augusto; Norman, Ian; Patrick, Kirsten; Praities, Nigel; Olde Rikkert, Marcel G M; Rubin, Eric J; Sahni, Peush (2021-09-04). "Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity, and protect health". The Lancet. 398 (10304): 939–941. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01915-2. PMC 8428481. PMID 34496267.
- ↑ WHO calls for urgent action to protect health from climate change – Sign the call". World Health Organization. 2015. Archived from the original on October 8, 2015. Retrieved 2020-04-19
- ↑ https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c4g8pr4d2e1o.amp?amp_gsa=1&_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17539467626123&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc4g8pr4d2e1o
- ↑ https://oceanfdn.org/ha/damuwar-yanayi/
- ↑ Levy, Karen; Smith, Shanon M.; Carlton, Elizabeth J. (2018). "Climate Change Impacts on Waterborne Diseases: Moving Toward Designing Interventions". Current Environmental Health Reports. 5 (2): 272–282. Bibcode:2018CEHR....5..272L. doi:10.1007/s40572-018-0199-7. ISSN 2196-5412. PMC 6119235. PMID 29721700.
- ↑ Myers, Samuel S.; Bernstein, Aaron (2011-02-01). "The coming health crisis: indirect health effects of global climate change". F1000 Biology Reports. 3: 3. doi:10.3410/B3-3. PMC 3042309. PMID 21399764.
- ↑ Watts, Nick; Adger, W Neil; Agnolucci, Paolo; Blackstock, Jason; Byass, Peter; Cai, Wenjia; et al. (2015). "Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public health". The Lancet. 386 (10006): 1861–1914. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60854-6. hdl:10871/17695. PMID 26111439. S2CID 205979317.