Iska mai iska
Iska mai ƙarfi ne, iskar busassun da ke faruwa a gefen yammacin tsakiyar Sierra Nevada a California. Su ne wani nau'i na iska wanda yawanci ke hurawa daga arewa maso gabas, yana saukowa daga Sierra zuwa cikin tuddai. Saurin iska a cikin abubuwan iska na Mono akai-akai ya wuce 50 mph (80 km / h), tare da gusts da aka rubuta sama da 100 mph (160 km / h). Sunan "Mono" ya samo asali ne daga Mono Lake da 'yan asalin Mono. Iska ta Mono tana daga cikin dangin da suka fi girma na tsarin iska na California, kamar iskar Santa Ana a Kudancin California da iskar Diablo a yankin Bay.
Yanayi da abubuwan da suka haifar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Iska ta mono ta samo asali ne lokacin da tsarin matsin lamba ya bunkasa a kan Babban Basin bayan wucewar sanyi. Rashin sanyi, iska mai zurfi yana gudana zuwa yamma, wanda matsin lamba ya tura, kuma ya sauka daga Sierra Nevada, yana hanzarta yayin da yake motsawa da sauka kuma yana dumama adiabatically. Wadannan yanayi suna faruwa ne da farko tsakanin Oktoba da Afrilu.[1]
A wasu lokuta, iska mai ƙarfi a cikin jet stream yana haɓaka waɗannan tasirin, yana jigilar ƙarfin ƙasa da haɓaka saurin iska. Wannan nau'in iska na Mono, sau da yawa ana kiransa "Type II," na iya haifar da turbulent rotors da raƙuman tsaunuka, suna sa iskõki musamman masu lalacewa da rashin tabbas.[2]
Yankin da aka rarraba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Iska ta mono ta fi yawa a tsakiyar Sierra Nevada, musamman a ciki da kewayen Yosemite National Park. Suna shafar al'ummomi a cikin yankunan Mariposa, Madera, da Tuolumne. Abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙasa kamar canyons da wucewa suna mai da hankali da haɓaka saurin iska, suna sa wasu yankuna su fi wasu rauni.[3]
Duk da yake irin wannan iskar da ke ƙasa tana faruwa a wasu wurare a California, kalmar "Mono winds" tana nufin waɗanda ke tasiri yankin Saliyo a yammacin tafkin Mono. Waɗannan abubuwan sun yi kama da iskar Santa Ana da Diablo, tare da bambance-bambancen yanki a yanayin zafi da yanayin ƙasa. []
Tasirin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kudancin daji da lalacewar dukiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Iska ta mono ta haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga gandun daji, ababen more rayuwa, da gidaje. Yanayinsu mai saurin gaske sau da yawa yana haifar da raguwar bishiyoyi, musamman a tsakanin gandun daji. A watan Janairun 2021, wani mummunan iska ya rushe daruruwan bishiyoyi a Yosemite, ciki har da akalla manyan bishiyoyi 15 a cikin Mariposa Grove, ya lalata kayan aikin wurin shakatawa kuma ya tilasta rufe kusan makonni biyu
Halin gobarar daji
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Iska mai iska tana haifar da yanayin yanayi mai haɗari saboda saurin su da ƙarancin zafi. Za su iya yaduwar gobarar da ke akwai da sauri kuma su haifar da sabbin wutar lantarki ta hanyar layin wutar lantarki da aka rushe. Misali, Wutar Mountain View a Mono County ta lalata gidaje sama da 90 bayan iska ta kori wutar ta hanyar al'ummar Walker a watan Nuwamba 2020.
Hadarin jirgin sama
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rikicin da ya haifar daga iska ta Mono na iya haifar da haɗari mai tsanani ga jirgin sama. Raƙuman tsaunuka da iskar rotor da aka samar a lokacin waɗannan abubuwan suna iya samar da mummunan tashin hankali da iska ta kwatsam, musamman haɗari ga ƙananan jiragen sama da ayyukan kashe gobara.
Abubuwan da suka faru
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Disamba 12, 1967: Wani mummunan iska na Mono ya haifar da lalacewa a Bass Lake da North Fork, California. Kimanin gusts sama da 70 mph ya rushe bishiyoyi da layin wutar lantarki, wanda ya haifar da fiye da dala miliyan 1 a cikin lalacewar dukiya (a cikin dala na 1967). [1]
- Disamba 7, 1971: Iska mai karfi ta Mono ta ratsa Yosemite National Park, ta hura bishiyoyi sama da 200. Yankin Ski na Badger Pass ya sami mummunar lalacewa lokacin da iska mai ƙarfi ta lalata kayan aikin ɗaga kujera.
- Nuwamba 17-18, 2020: Wutar Mountain View ta tashi a kusa da Walker, California, a lokacin wani mummunan iska na Mono. Yanayi mai kyau ya bazu da sauri, ya lalata kusan gidaje 90 kuma ya kashe mazaunin daya. Wutar ta ƙone sama da kadada 28,000 kafin a hana ta.
- Janairu 19, 2021: Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi lalacewa a cikin tarihin kwanan nan ya shafi tsakiyar Sierra Nevada. Gidan shakatawa na Yosemite ya sha wahala sosai, tare da daruruwan bishiyoyi da aka sare, gami da akalla manyan sequoias 15 a cikin Mariposa Grove . An rufe wurin shakatawa kusan makonni biyu saboda mummunar lalacewa da damuwa game da tsaro.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 "Climate of California". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved April 16, 2025. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "wrcc" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Ruscha, Charles P. Jr. (February 1976). "Forecasting the Mono Wind" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NWS WR-105.
- ↑ "Mono Winds and Fire Weather Threats". National Weather Service Hanford. Retrieved April 16, 2025.[dead link]