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Iyakar Aljeriya da Niger

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Iyakar Aljeriya da Niger
border (en) Fassara, land boundary (en) Fassara da international border (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Bangare na borders of Algeria (en) Fassara da borders of Niger (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Aljeriya da Nijar
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci UTC+01:00
Applies to jurisdiction (en) Fassara Aljeriya da Nijar
Wuri
Map
 23°32′N 11°59′E / 23.53°N 11.98°E / 23.53; 11.98
Taswirar iyakar Aljeriya da Nijar

Iyakar Aljeriya da Nijar na da tsawon 951 kilometres (591 mi) kuma ta taso ne daga bakin tekun da Mali a yamma zuwa gabar teku da Libya a gabas.[1]

Iyakar dai ta kunshi layukan kai tsaye guda uku da ke tafiya arewa maso gabas tsakanin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da Mali da Libya. [2] Layin yamma ya taso ne daga titin Malian zuwa titin Agadez - Tamanrasset na 109 miles (175 km) ; sashin tsakiya yana gudana don 142 miles (229 km) har zuwa kusa da In-Azaoua ; kuma kashi na ƙarshe kuma mafi tsayi yana gudana don 343 miles (552 km) har zuwa gabar tekun Libya. Iyakar tana tafiya gaba ɗaya cikin hamadar Sahara .

A shekarun 1880s an ga gasa mai tsanani tsakanin ƙasashen Turai don yankuna a Afirka, tsarin da aka sani da Scramble for Africa.[3] Tsarin ya ƙare a taron Berlin na 1884, inda ƙasashen Turai da abin ya shafa suka amince da iƙirarin yankunansu da ka'idojin aiki da ke gaba. A sakamakon haka ne Faransa ta sami iko da kwarin kogin Neja na sama (wanda ya yi daidai da yankunan Mali da Nijar na zamani).[4][3] In the meantime in Algeria France had been pushing south from the littoral region, conquering much of the Algerian Sahara in 1902.[2] Faransa ta riga ta ci yawancin arewacin Aljeriya a tsakanin shekarun 1830-47, tare da haɗa ta a matsayin wani yanki na Faransa. [3] Faransa ta mamaye yankin Nijar na zamani a cikin 1900, inda ta ayyana shi a matsayin yankin soja, wanda asalinsa ya yi mulki daga Zinder . An haɗa Nijar da asali, tare da Mali na zamani da Burkina Faso, a cikin ƙasar Senegal ta Upper da Nijar, duk da haka ta rabu a cikin 1911 kuma ta zama yanki na mulkin mallaka na tarayya na Faransa Yammacin Afirka ( Afrique occidentale française, a takaice AOF). [3] A halin da ake ciki a Aljeriya Faransa ta kasance tana tura kudu daga yankin littoral, inda ta mamaye yawancin Saharar Aljeriya a cikin 1902. [2] [3] A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1905 Kwamandan Sashen de l'Oasis na Faransa da kuma Kwamandan Sojoji na Sashen de l'Oasis a cikin Aljeriyar Faransa suka amince da iyaka tsakanin Faransa Yammacin Afirka da Aljeriya (watau iyakar Aljeriya da Mauritania, Mali da Nijar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 1905). [3] Yarjejeniyar Yamai ta Yuni 1909 ta ƙara bayyana iyakar. [2] [3]

Yayin da yunkurin raba mulkin mallaka ya karu a yakin duniya na biyu bayan yakin duniya na biyu, a hankali Faransa ta ba da karin haƙƙoƙin siyasa da wakilci ga ƙasashen Afirka da ke kudu da hamadar Sahara, wanda ya kai ga ba da yancin kai na cikin gida ga Faransa ta Yamma a 1958 a cikin tsarin al'ummar Faransa . Daga karshe, a watan Agustan 1960, Nijar ta samu cikakken 'yancin kai. Halin da ake ciki a Aljeriya ya ragu sosai, saboda yawancin al'ummar Faransawa mazauna Aljeriya, kuma an ba da 'yancin kai ne kawai a cikin Yuli 1962 bayan dogon yaƙi mai zubar da jini. A lokacin ne iyakar Aljeriya da Nijar ta zama iyakar kasa da kasa tsakanin kasashe biyu masu cin gashin kansu.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan yankin kan iyaka ya sake samun karin hankali, saboda karuwar yawan bakin haure 'yan Afirka da ke tsallakawa zuwa Turai; a shekarar 2017 ne Aljeriya ta fara aikin kula da kan iyaka da kyau, inda ta samu wasu sukar yadda bakin haure da aka kora ke makale a bakin iyaka ba tare da wani tanadi ba.[5][6][7]

Ketare iyaka

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Iyakar hukuma daya tilo a kan babbar hanyar Trans-Sahara tsakanin garuruwan In Guezzam (Algeria) da Assamakka (Nijar).[8] Gabaɗaya ana ganin yankin ba shi da aminci ga tafiye-tafiye daga gwamnatocin ɓangare na uku.[9][10]

  1. CIA World Factbook - Niger, 3 November 2019, archived from the original on 30 March 2021, retrieved 25 May 2025
  2. 1 2 3 4 Empty citation (help)
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 International Boundary Study No. 99 – Algeria-Niger Boundary (PDF), 1 May 1970, archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2019, retrieved 3 November 2019
  4. Decree 7 September 1911, rattachant le territoire militaire du Niger au gouvernement général de l'Afrique occidentale française, published in the Official Journal of the French Republic on 12 Septembre 1911 (Online)
  5. Migrant crisis emerges in Sahara Desert on Algeria-Niger border, IOM says, NBC, 16 May 2018, retrieved 8 November 2019
  6. Hundreds of migrants found abandoned on Algeria-Niger border, Info Migrants, 16 May 2018, retrieved 8 November 2019
  7. IOM Strengthens Health Capacities at Niger's Borders with Libya and Algeria, IOM, 27 September 2019, retrieved 8 November 2019
  8. Algeria: Getting there & away, Niger Lonely Planet Guide. Accessed 27 March 2009
  9. British FCO Travel Advice - Niger, 5 October 2019
  10. Australian DFAT Travel Advice - Niger, 5 October 2019