Jabir bin Aflah

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Jabir bin Aflah
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Sevilla, 1100 (Gregorian)
ƙasa Almoravid dynasty (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Sevilla, 1150 (Gregorian)
Sana'a
Sana'a masanin lissafi, Ilimin Taurari, astrologer (en) Fassara da inventor (en) Fassara

Abū Muḥammad Jabir ibn Aflah ( Larabci: أبو محمد جابر بن أفلح‎ , Latin  ; 1100–1150) Balarabe ne[1][2]Masanin ilmin taurari ne kuma masanicin lissafi daga Seville, wanda ya yi aiki a karni na 12 al-Andalus. Aikinsa Iṣlāḥ al-Majisṭi (Gyara Almagest ) ya rinjayi masana ilimin taurari na Musulunci, Yahudawa, da Kirista. [3]

Aslāḥ al-Majisṭi (Corection of the Almagest)[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wannan aikin sharhi ne da sake yin aiki na Almagest na Ptolemy kuma shine suka na farko da aka yi masa a yammacin Islama. Musamman da ya soki tushen lissafin. Alal misali, ya maye gurbin amfani da ka'idar Menelaus tare da waɗanda suka dogara akan spherical trigonometry , Ƙungiya ce ta masana ilimin lissafin Islama na ƙarni na 10 waɗanda suka haɗa da Abū al-Wafā' Būzjānī sannan kuma Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Muadh Al-Jayyani wanda ya yi aiki a al-Andalus a ƙarni na 11 ne suka ƙirƙira waɗannan ka'idoji. Jābir bai yaba wa ko ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan marubutan ba kuma baya magana akan marubuci ɗaya na musulunci a cikin wannan aikin. [3]

Ɗaya daga cikin canji mai mahimmanci Jābir ya yi wa asusun Ptolemy shi ne cewa ya sanya kewayen Venus da Mercury, ƙananan taurari, a waje da na Rana, maimakon tsakanin Moon da Rana kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin aikin asali. [3]

Mai ƙirƙira[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jabir bn Aflah ne ya kirkiro Torquetum .
Torquetum

Ya ƙirƙira kayan aikin kallo wanda aka fi sani da torquetum, na'urar injiniya don canzawa tsakanin tsarin daidaitawa.[4]

Tasiri[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Daga baya Jabir ya rinjayi marubutan musulmi da suka hada da Ibn Rushd (Averroes) da Nur ad-Din al-Betrugi, wadanda dukkansu suka yi aiki a al-Andalus. Maimonides ne ya kai aikin zuwa Masar a ƙarni na 12 da kuma yankin gabas a ƙarshen ƙarni na 13. [3]

An fassara aikin daga Larabci zuwa yaren Ibrananci da Latin, na ƙarshe ta Gerard na Cremona, wanda ya fassara sunansa a matsayin "Geber". Ta wannan fassarar, ta yi tasiri mai yawa a kan masana lissafi na Turai da masana ilmin taurari daga baya kuma ya taimaka wajen haɓaka trigonometry a Turai. [3]

Yawancin abubuwan da ke kan trigonometry mai siffar zobe a cikin Regiomontanus ' On Triangles (c.1463) an ɗauke su kai tsaye kuma ba tare da ƙima daga aikin Jābir ba, kamar yadda Gerolamo Cardano ya lura a cikin karni na 16.[5]

Bayanan kula[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Schlager, Neil; Lauer, Josh (2001). Science and Its Times: 700-1449 (in Turanci). Gale Group. ISBN 9780787639341.
  2. Publishing, Britannica Educational (2013). Portugal and Spain (in Turanci). Britanncia Educational Publishing. ISBN 9781615309931.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Calvo 2007.
  4. Lorch, R. P. (1976). "The Astronomical Instruments of Jabir ibn Aflah and the Torquetum". Centaurus. 20 (1): 11–34. Bibcode:1976Cent...20...11L. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0498.1976.tb00214.x.
  5. Victor J. Katz, ed. (2007). The Mathematics of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, and Islam: A Sourcebook. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-11485-9. Archived from the original on 2016-10-01. Retrieved 2008-03-16., p.4

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

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