Jadida
 Jadida | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| الجديدة (ar) | ||||
 | ||||
| Wuri | ||||
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Constitutional monarchy (en)  | Maroko | |||
| Region of Morocco (en) | Casablanca-Settat (en) | |||
| Province of Morocco (en) | El Jadida Province (en) | |||
| Babban birnin | El Jadida Province (en)
| |||
| Yawan mutane | ||||
| Faɗi | 235,681 (2024) | |||
| • Yawan mutane | 3,142,413.33 mazaunan/km² | |||
| Home (en) | 67,491 (2024) | |||
| Labarin ƙasa | ||||
| Yawan fili | 7.5 ha | |||
| Bayanan tarihi | ||||
| Mabiyi | Mazagan (en) | |||
| Wasu abun | ||||
| Yanar gizo | eljadida.gov.ma | |||
El Jadida ( Arabic , ar ; Standard Moroccan Tamazight ) babban birni ne mai tashar jiragen ruwa a gabar tekun Atlantika na Morocco . Tana cikin lardin El Jadida, Casablanca-Settat, 96 kilometres (60 mi) kudu da birnin Casablanca . Tana da yawan jama'a 237,564 kamar yadda aka kiyasta a shekarar 2024. [ <span title="The material near this tag relies on an unreliable source. There is no census in 2023 but the site claims this was counted in 2023, and it said the same number in 2022. Please use census data or provide estimates from a reliable source. (July 2023)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas</span> ]
Birnin mai garu, wanda Turawan Portugal suka gina a farkon karni na 16 kuma aka sanya masa suna Mazagan ( Mazagão a cikin harshen Portugal), Turawan Portugal suka bar shi a shekarar 1769 aka haɗa shi cikin Morocco. Tsohon bangon teku na birnin El Jadida yana ɗaya daga cikin Abubuwan Al'ajabi Bakwai na Asalin Portugal a Duniya . An yi wa Birnin Mazagan mai garu na Portugal rajista a matsayin Wurin Tarihi na UNESCO a shekarar 2004, bisa ga matsayinsa a matsayin "misali mai kyau na musayar tasiri tsakanin al'adun Turai da Morocco" da kuma a matsayin "misali na farko na cimma manufofin Renaissance waɗanda aka haɗa da fasahar ginin Portugal". A cewar UNESCO, [1] gine-gine mafi mahimmanci daga zamanin Portugal sune ramin ruwa da Cocin Zato, duka a cikin salon Manueline . [2]
Birnin sanannen wurin shakatawa ne kuma wurin yawon bude ido ga 'yan yawon bude ido na Morocco da na ƙasashen waje. Wani muhimmin ginin masana'antu, Jorf Lasfar, yana da nisan kilomita 20 daga kudu.
Sunaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sauran sunayen El Jadida da laƙabi a cikin wasu harsuna sune: Cap Soleis, Portus Rutilis, Rusibis, Mazighen ( Arabic ), al-Breyja ( Arabic ), Mazagão, al-Mahdouma ( Arabic ) da Mazagan. An sake wa birnin suna al-Jadida a shekarar 1820, ma'ana 'Sabon'.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
El Jadida ya samo asali ne tun daga ƙarni na 5 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS), lokacin da mutanen Phoenicians suka kafa shi suka zauna a wurin.
Kafin isowar Turawan Portugal a ƙarni na 16, akwai wani wurin ajiye jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa ke amfani da shi a wurin da ake kira El Jadida a yanzu a tsawon zamanin Tsakiya da kuma a zamanin da. [3] Al-Bakri, masanin ƙasa na Larabawa na ƙarni na 11, ya fara rubuta sunan Mazighan . [3] A shekara ta 1502, wani kyaftin na Portugal, Jorge de Mello, ya sauka a wannan wuri, ana zargin guguwa ta koro shi nan. Shi da ma'aikatansa sun nemi mafaka a wani hasumiya da aka yi watsi da ita, da ake kira al-Briya ko al-Burayja, don kare kansu daga duk wani hari da mazauna yankin za su iya kaiwa. [3] Bayan ya koma Portugal, ya sami izini daga sarkin Portugal, Dom Manuel, don ya sami sansanin soja a nan a shekara ta 1505, amma shaida ta nuna cewa bai yi hakan ba, domin lokacin da sojojin Portugal suka wuce nan a kan hanyarsu ta cin nasara a Azemmour a shekara ta 1513, ba su sami komai ba sai tsohon hasumiyar. [3]
Ganin cewa Azemmour yana da wahalar shiga, 'yan Portugal sun dawo suka gina katafaren gini a Mazighan da ya fi sauƙin shiga a lokacin bazara na 1514. [3] Wannan katafaren gini ne mai kusurwa huɗu mai hasumiyai huɗu, ɗaya daga cikinsu tsohon hasumiyar ce da ta riga ta tsaya a nan. [3] Masu ginin gine-ginen 'yan'uwa ne biyu, Diogo da Francisco de Arruda. [3] [1] Daga nan wurin ya zama sananne a cikin harshen Portuguese a matsayin Mazagão . A cikin shekaru kaɗan masu zuwa, Sa'dids sun hau mulki suka fara korar 'yan Portugal daga katafaren bakin teku, wanda abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne korar su daga Santa Cruz ( Agadir na yanzu) a 1541. A martanin da ya mayar, Sarki João na uku na Portugal ya ba da umarnin ƙaura daga wuraren Portugal a Azemmour da Safi kuma ya mai da hankali kan gina wurin da ya fi tsaro a Mazagão. [3] Sakamakon haka, an faɗaɗa katangar Portugal zuwa babban katangar da muke gani a yau a shekara ta 1541. [4] [3]
Masarautar Portugal za ta ci gaba da iko da birnin har zuwa 1769, lokacin da suka bar Mazagão, yankinsu na ƙarshe a Maroko. Bayan sun bar ƙasarsu ta tilastawa, Turawan Portugal sun lalata Gidan Gwamna. Yawancin mazauna Portugal an aika su zuwa yankin mulkin mallaka na Brazil, inda suka kafa sabuwar matsuguni mai suna <i id="mw9A">Nova Mazagão</i> (wanda yanzu ake kira Mazagão a jihar Amapá ). Daga nan sai Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah ya karɓe birnin a 1769 kuma ya kasance ba kowa a ciki, bayan an yi masa lakabi da al-Mahdouma ('Rushewar'). Daga ƙarshe, Sultan Abd al-Rahman (r. 1822–1859) ya ba da umarnin a gina masallaci, kuma an sake gina sassan birnin da aka lalata a lokacin mulkinsa a farkon ƙarni na sha tara. [4] A 1820 aka sake wa birnin suna al-Jadida, ma'ana 'Sabon'. [4] Garin ya fuskanci farfadowa kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya fi Azemmour girma a matsayin birni mafi mahimmanci a yankin. Tare da al'ummar Musulmi akwai kuma al'ummar Yahudawa, waɗanda suka shiga cikin farfaɗowar birnin.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 "Portuguese City of Mazagan (El Jadida)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2013-02-10. Cite error: Invalid
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