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Jam'iyyar Liberal mai 'yanci

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Jam'iyyar masu sassaucin ra'ayi mai 'yanci (Norwegian: Frisinnede Venstre) jam'iyyar siyasa ce a Norway wadda aka kafa a cikin Shekara ta 1909 ta bangaren masu ra'ayin mazan jiya-mai sassaucin ra'ayi na Liberal Party. Jam'iyyar ta yi hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar Conservative kuma ta shiga cikin gwamnatocin gajeren lokaci da dama, ciki har da biyu a karkashin jagorancin Firayim Minista masu 'yanci. A cikin Shekarun 1930s jam'iyyar ta canza suna zuwa Jam'iyyar Jama'a masu 'yanci (Norwegian: Frisinnede Folkeparti) kuma ta fara haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin kishin ƙasa. Jam’iyyar ta fafata zabenta na karshe a shekarar 1936, kuma ba a sake shirya ta a shekarar 1945 ba.

Tarihi

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An kafa Jam'iyyar Liberal mai tunani mai zaman kanta a watan Maris na shekara ta 1909 a karkashin tasirin Firayim Minista na farko mai zaman kansa na Norway, Christian Michelsen na Jam'iyyar liberal, bayan an cire kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na wakilan majalisa na Liberal daga sake kafa Jam'ar Liberal a shekara ta 1908. [1] An kafa jam'iyyar ne don nuna rashin amincewa da karuwar tsattsauran ra'ayi na Jam'iyyar Liberal, wanda bangaren dama na jam'iyyar ya yi la'akari da rikici da akidar jam'iyyar ta al'ada.[2] Sauran wadanda suka kafa jam'iyyar sun hada da Ibrahim Berge, Wollert Konow (SB) , Sofus Arctander, Harald Bothner, Magnus Halvorsen, Ernst Sars, Ola Thommessen da Fridtjof Nansen.[3]

Jam'iyyar ta fara hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar Conservative, kuma ta lashe kujeru 23 a zaben 'yan majalisa na shekara ta 1909, bayan haka jam'iyyar ta kafa gwamnati tare da Conservatives tare da Wollert Konow a matsayin Firayim Minista. Gwamnati duk da haka ba ta cika tsammanin ko dai Michelsen ko Conservatives ba, kuma Conservatives sun janye daga gwamnati a shekarar 1911.[4] Gwamnatin Konow ta zo ga ƙarshe ba zato ba tsammani a farkon shekarar 1912 bayan ya bayyana jinƙansa ga yaren karkara Landsmål a cikin jawabi ga Ƙungiyar Matasan Agrarian, a lokacin tsawo na rikice-Rikicin yaren Norwegian. Jawabin ya haifar da tashin hankali tsakanin masu goyon bayan Riksmål, musamman a tsakanin Conservatives, amma kuma a cikin jam'iyyarsa, wanda ya haifar da maye gurbin Konow a matsayin Firayim Minista (ta hanyar Conservative Jens Bratlie). [5] [6]

Musamman mai son kai a cikin tsari, jam'iyyar ta jaddada 'yancin ilimi. Matar farko da ta haɗu a matsayin wakilin majalisa a tarihin Norway ita ce Anna Rogstad mai tunani mai zaman kanta a 1911, shekaru biyu kafin a ba da cikakken izinin mata a Norway.[7] Rikicin da ya faru a kusa da gwamnatin Konow da ta gaza ya haifar da babbar nasara ga ƙungiyar Conservative-Free-minded a zaben shekarar 1912, kuma ya rage Free-minded zuwa rashin ma'ana tare da kujeru huɗu kawai. Kungiyar jam'iyyar ta kara haɗuwa da kungiyar Conservative bayan shekara ta 1912, har sai nasarar zaben da nasarar hadin gwiwa a shekara ta 1921 da shekarar 1924 ta haifar da sha'awar jam'iyya mai zaman kanta. Rikicin ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa na sassa daban-daban na Conservative a cikin ƙoƙari na nuna alamar mai ra'ayin mazan jiya-mai sassaucin ra'ayi.

Jam'iyyun biyu sun shiga cikin gwamnatoci da yawa tare a cikin shekarun 1920, har sai sun fara raguwa zuwa ƙarshen shekaru goma. A shekara ta 1931, 'yan Free-minded sun canza sunansu zuwa Jam'iyyar Jama'a mai Free-minding, kuma daga baya aka rage shi zuwa wakilin daya daga Trondheim a zaben shekarar 1933. Ya yi takara a zaben karshe a 1936 a hadin gwiwar zabe tare da Fatherland League da Nasjonal Samling (NS), ya kasa samun kujerar daya. A wannan lokacin yawancin surori na gida da na yanki sun koma ko sun shiga Conservatives.[8] Ba a sake tsara jam'iyyar a shekara ta 1945.[9]

Firayim Minista na farko wanda ba na Labour ba bayan yakin, John Lyng, memba ne na jam'iyyar kafin ya shiga Conservatives a shekara ta 1938. [10] Masanin tarihi kuma ɗan jarida Hans Fredrik Dahl ya bayyana Jam'iyyar Progress a matsayin magajin ruhaniya ga jam'iyyar.

Shugabannin

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Mambobin da aka zaba

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Sakamakon zaben

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 Samfuri:Div flex row

Storting
Date Votes Seats Position Size
No. % ± pp No. ±
1909 175,388 41.49 %1 New
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23 / 123
 New Coalition (from 1910, H–FV) 3rd
1912 162,074 33.15 %1 Decrease 8.34
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 3px; height: 1.5em;">
4 / 123
 Decrease 19 Coalition (1912–1913, H–FV) Decrease 5th
Opposition (from 1913)
1915 179,028 28.98 %1 Decrease 4.17
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 0px; height: 1.5em;">
1 / 123
 Decrease 3 Opposition Steady 5th
1918 201,325 30.39 %1 Increase 1.41
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 7px; height: 1.5em;">
10 / 126
 Increase 9 Opposition (1918–1920) Increase 4th
Coalition (from 1920, H–FV)
1921 301,372 33.31 %1 Increase 2.92
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 10px; height: 1.5em;">
15 / 150
 Increase 5 Opposition (1921–1923) Decrease 5th
Coalition (from 1923, H–FV)
1924 316,846 32.53 %1 Decrease 0.78
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 7px; height: 1.5em;">
11 / 150
 Decrease 4 Opposition (1924–1926) Steady 5th
Coalition (from 1926, H–FV)
1927 254,530 25.47 %2 Decrease 7.06
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 1px; height: 1.5em;">
2 / 150
 Decrease 9 Coalition (1927–1928, H–FV) Decrease 6th
Opposition (from 1928)
1930 358,734 30.02%2 Increase 4.55
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 3px; height: 1.5em;">
5 / 150
 Increase 3 Opposition Increase 5th
1933 272,690 21.84 %2 [lower-alpha 1] Increase 7.5
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 0px; height: 1.5em;">
1 / 150
 Decrease 4 Opposition Steady 5th
1936 329,560 1.3 %3 [lower-alpha 2] Increase 0.8
<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:Lua error a package.lua, layi na 80: module 'Module:Political party/F' not found.; width: 0px; height: 1.5em;">
0 / 150
 Decrease 1 Samfuri:Extra-parliamentary Steady ?
Local
Year Vote % Type
1910 6.6 City Municipal
1913 5.8 City Municipal
1916 3.2 City Municipal
1919 2.0 City Municipal
1922 6.5 City Municipal
1928 1.9 City Municipal
1931 4.9 City Municipal
1934 3.07 City Municipal
1937 1.8 City Municipal
  1. Cikakken hadin gwiwar zabe tare da Conservatives. Zaɓuɓɓukan sun haɗa kai.
  2. Taimako ga jerin sunayen mutum. Har ila yau akwai jerin sunayen hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar Conservative
  3. Taimako ga jerin sunayen mutum tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙasar . Har ila yau, akwai jerin sunayen hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar Conservative.

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Ran as Free-minded People's Party
  2. ↑ Ran as Free-minded People's Party
  1. ↑ "Chr. Michelsen". Store norske leksikon (in Harhsen Norway). 27 January 2023.
  2. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Kaartvedt2
  4. ↑ "Chr. Michelsen". Store norske leksikon (in Harhsen Norway). 27 January 2023.
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Kaartvedt
  6. ↑ Leiv Mjeldheim. "Wollert Konow". Norsk biografisk leksikon. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  7. ↑ "Anna Rogstad – første kvinne på Stortinget i 1911". Stortinget.no (in Harhsen Norway). 15 February 2011.
  8. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Danielsen
  9. ↑ "Frisinnede Venstre". Store norske leksikon. 22 January 2023.
  10. ↑ "John Lyng: Prime Minister 1963". Government.no. 13 March 2012.
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