James Frederick Staples
James Frederick Staples (2 ga Yuni 1929) – 27 ga Afrilu 2016), wanda aka fi sani da Jim Staples, ko kuma Justice Staples a fannin shari'a, jami'in shari'a ne na Australiya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Hukumar Sulhu da Sasantawa ta Australiya daga 1975 har zuwa rusawarta a 1989.
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Staples a Sydney, New South Wales (NSW) a ranar 2 ga Yuni 1929, a gefen Babban Tashin Hankali . Mahaifinsa, tsohon soja a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ya mutu a shekara ta 1933,[1] ya tilasta wa mahaifiyarsa yin aikin masana'anta don samun abin rayuwa, kuma ya sa Staples ya shafe wani ɓangare na yarintarsa yana zaune tare da danginsa na nesa da mahaifiyarsa da ƙannensa biyu.[2]
Ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Staples ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Maza ta Canterbury.[1] A matsayin ɗalibi mai himma, ya sami matsayi na farko a fannin Latin a duk faɗin jihar a cikin Takardar Shaidar Fita.Wannan ya ba shi matsayi a Jami'ar Sydney, inda ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin Fasaha a 1950 da kuma digiri na farko a fannin Shari'a a 1953.[1] [3] [4]
Shigar Jam'iyyar Kwaminis
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin da yake Jami'ar Sydney, matasa kuma masu ra'ayin mazan jiya Staples sun zama memba na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Australiya. A shekarar 1951, ya shaida Kotun Koli ta Ostiraliya ta soke yunkurin gwamnatin Menzies na haramta jam'iyyar a Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Australiya da Commonwealth, wani mataki da ya sanya masa ikon bangaren shari'a na kare 'yancin jama'a.[1]
Duk da haka, shigar Staples cikin jam'iyyar bai daɗe ba. Staples, wanda yake karanta bugu na duniya na New York Times akai-akai, yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan gurguzu na farko na Australiya da suka karanta rubutun jawabin sirri na Nikita Khrushchev wanda ya yi Allah wadai da Stalin lokacin da jaridar Times ta buga kwafinsa da aka ɓoye a watan Yunin 1956. Lokacin da shugabannin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Australiya suka ƙi amincewa da gaskiyar jawabin, Staples ya shirya a sake buga kwafi 500 na jawabin a kan wani Gestetner mallakar NSW Deckhand's Union, tare da murfin da mai zane na gida Rod Shaw ya tsara.[5] Don wannan matakin, an kori Staples daga jam'iyyar ba da daɗewa ba.[6]
Sana'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Farkon aikina
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani abokin hulɗar kasuwanci na farko na Staples shine Gordon Barton, wanda, duk da bambancin ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa, ya zama abokai yayin da yake karatu tare a Jami'ar Sydney.[1] Ba su sami damar samun aikin lauya a lokacin ba, sun sayi babbar mota tare suka fara kasuwancin sufuri.[2] Yayin da Barton daga baya ya haɓaka wannan kasuwancin zuwa Ipec na ƙasashen duniya, Staples ya bar shi da wuri don ci gaba da aikinsa na lauya.[3]
Lauya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An shigar da Staples a matsayin Lauya a New South Wales a ranar 29 ga Yuli 1960, [7] kuma ya kafa nasa aikin lauya. Daga baya a shekarun 1960 ya zama memba na kafa Majalisar 'Yancin Jama'a ta NSW (CCL), wanda ya haɗa da fitattun mambobi na ƙwararrun lauyoyi na NSW kamar Maurice Byers da Neville Wran. Staples ya ɗauki takardun gayyata da yawa da CCL ta ba shi, da yawa daga cikinsu pro bono, suna fafutukar neman 'yanci a fannoni na kare hakkin dan adam.[1]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Kirby, Michael (2016). "Obituary: The Hon James Frederick Staples" (PDF). Australian Law Journal. 90 (9): 679–680. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Kirby2016" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedSteketee - ↑ "University of Sydney Graduates 1950". University of Sydney Archives. Alumni Sidneienses (in Turanci). University of Sydney.
- ↑ "University of Sydney Graduates 1953". University of Sydney Archives. Alumni Sidneienses (in Turanci). University of Sydney.
- ↑ McLaren, John (2003). "The End of an Affair: Intellectuals and the Communist Party 1956 - 1959" (PDF). Journal of Australian Studies. 27 (78): 71–82. doi:10.1080/14443050309387872. ISSN 1444-3058.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedBryant - ↑ "University of Sydney Graduates 1950". University of Sydney Archives. Alumni Sidneienses (in Turanci). University of Sydney.