Jean Jaurès

Jean Jaurès
member of the French National Assembly (en) 1 ga Yuni, 1902 - 31 ga Yuli, 1914 District: Tarn (en) shugaba 1902 - 1905 member of the French National Assembly (en) 8 ga Janairu, 1893 - 1 ga Yuni, 1898 District: Tarn (en)
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès
Haihuwa	Castres (mul) , 3 Satumba 1859
ƙasa	Faransa
Mutuwa	Faris, 31 ga Yuli, 1914
Makwanci	Panthéon (en) Chaudun (mul)
Yanayin mutuwa	kisan kai (Assassination of Jean Jaurès (en) )
Killed by	Raoul Villain (mul)
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama	Louise Bois (mul)
Yara	view Louis Jaurès (en)
Ahali	Louis Jaurès (mul)
Karatu
Makaranta	École normale supérieure - PSL (mul) Lycée Louis-le-Grand (mul) Collège Sainte-Barbe (en)
Harsuna	Harshen Latin Esperanto (mul) Faransanci
Malamai	Bernard Germa (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa, Farfesa, ɗan jarida, marubuci, Masanin tarihi da reporter (en)
Wurin aiki	Faris
Employers	L'Humanité (en) La Dépêche du Midi (mul) Université de Toulouse (mul)
Kyaututtuka	gani Concours général
Imani
Jam'iyar siyasa	French Section of the Workers' International (en)

Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès (3 Satumba 1859 – 31 ga Yuli 1914), wanda aka fi sani da Jean Jaurès (  ; Occitan oc ), shugaban gurguzu ne na Faransa. Da farko ya kasance ɗan jam'iyyar Republican mai matsakaicin ra'ayi, daga baya ya zama ɗan dimokuraɗiyya na zamantakewa kuma ɗaya daga cikin masu yiwuwar yin hakan (reshe na farko na masu kawo sauyi na ƙungiyar gurguzu) kuma a shekarar 1902 shugaban Jam'iyyar Gurguzu ta Faransa, wacce ta yi adawa da Jam'iyyar Gurguzu ta juyin juya hali ta Jules Guesde ta Faransa . Jam'iyyun biyu sun haɗu a shekarar 1905 zuwa Sashen Faransa na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Ma'aikata (SFIO). A matsayinsa na mai adawa da sojoji, an kashe shi a shekarar 1914 a lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya amma ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutane na tarihi na ' Yan Hagu na Faransa . A matsayinsa na ɗan gurguzu mai ra'ayin gurguzu, Jaurès ya ƙi ra'ayin kama-karya na proletariat kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin sulhunta manufa da abin duniya, daidaito da haɗin kai, dimokuraɗiyya da gwagwarmayar aji, da kuma kishin ƙasa da ƙasa.

Farkon aiki

An haifi Jean Jaurès a Castres, Tarn, a cikin wani ɗan kasuwa da manomi wanda bai yi nasara ba, a cikin iyalin masu zaman kansu na lardin Faransa. Yayansa, Louis, ya zama admiral kuma mataimakin Jam'iyyar Republican-Socialist.

Ɗalibi mai basira, Jaurès ya yi karatu a Lycée Sainte-Barbe a Paris kuma an shigar da shi da farko a École normale supérieure, a falsafar, a 1878, a gaban Henri Bergson . Ya sami digiri na falsafar a 1881, ya ƙare na uku, sannan ya koyar da falsafar shekaru biyu a makarantar sakandare ta Albi kafin ya yi lacca a Jami'ar Toulouse. An zabe shi mataimakin Jamhuriyar Republican na Tarn a 1885, yana zaune tare da 'yan Republican masu tsayayya, suna tarawa da Radicals na Georges Clemenceau da Socialists. Daga nan sai ya goyi bayan Jules Ferry da Léon Gambetta. A ranar 29 ga Yuni 1886 Jaurès ya auri Louise Bois wanda duk da ra'ayin Jaurès na ci gaba da kasancewa Katolika.

Masanin tarihi

A shekara ta 1889, bayan da ya yi hamayya da kujerar Castres ba tare da nasara ba, a wannan lokacin a ƙarƙashin tutar Socialism, ya koma aikinsa na sana'a a Toulouse, inda ya yi sha'awar harkokin birni kuma ya taimaka wajen gano fannin kiwon lafiya na jami'ar. Ya kuma shirya takardun biyu don digirin digirinsa a fannin falsafar, ("A kan farkon bayanin zamantakewar Jamus a cikin rubuce-rubucen [Martin] Luther, [Immanuel] Kant, [Johann Gottlieb] Fichte da [Georg Wilhelm Friedrich] Hegel") (1891), da kuma De la réalité du monde sensible .