Jump to content

Jerin guguwa na Florida

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Jerin guguwa na Florida
jerin maƙaloli na Wikimedia
Guguwar Milton, babbar guguwar Florida da ta fadi kwanan nan a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2024

Kusan 500 guguwa mai zafi da na wurare masu zafi sun shafi jihar Florida. Guguwa da yawa sun mamaye Florida fiye da kowace jihar Amurka, kuma tun daga 1851 yanayi guda goma sha takwas ne kawai guguwa ta wuce ba tare da sanin guguwar da ta yi tasiri a jihar ba. A dunkule, guguwa da ta afkawa yankin sun yi sanadin mutuwar sama da 10,000, wadanda akasarinsu sun faru ne kafin fara zirga-zirgar jiragen mafarauta a shekarar 1943. Bugu da kari, tasirin guguwar ya kai sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 300 (dalar Amurka 2018), musamman daga guguwar Andrew, da guguwar Irma. 2017, da 2022 yanayi bi da bi. Guguwar baya-bayan nan da ta yi kasa a Florida ita ce guguwar Milton a shekarar 2024.

Yanayin yanayi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Guguwa mai zafi ta shafi Florida a kowane wata na shekara ban da Janairu da Maris. Kusan kashi daya bisa uku na guguwar ta shafi jihar ne a cikin watan Satumba, kuma kusan kashi uku cikin hudu na guguwar ta shafi jihar ne tsakanin watan Agusta da Oktoba, wanda ya yi daidai da kololuwar lokacin guguwar. Yankunan bakin tekun suna da lokutan dawowa, ko lokacin da ake tsammanin tsakanin guguwar ta wani yanayi mai ƙarfi ko kuma a tsakanin mil 86 (kilomita 138) na wani wuri da aka bayar, waɗanda sune mafi ƙanƙanta a ƙasar. Guguwa 26 ta afkawa gundumar Monroe tun daga 1926, wanda shine mafi girman jimillar kowace gunduma a Amurka..[1]

A cikin wata takarda ta Bita na Yanayi na wata-wata da aka buga a cikin 1934, Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Amurka ta amince da Key West da Pensacola a matsayin biranen da ke fama da guguwa a cikin jihar;  Key West ya fuskanci guguwa guda biyu da ke tasowa daga yammacin Tekun Atlantika da Caribbean, yayin da Pensacola ta sami guguwa da ke ratsa jihar da kuma guguwa mai tada hankali a arewacin Gulf na Mexico.  A hukumance, guguwar farko da ta fara shafar jihar ita ce guguwar Alma a ranar 9 ga Yuni;  na baya-bayan nan, guguwar Kate a watan Nuwamba 21. Duk da haka, bincike na farko ya nuna cewa mai yiwuwa guguwa ta afkawa jihar a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1863.. [2]   

The strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall on the state was the 1935 Labor Day hurricane, which crossed the Florida Keys with a pressure of 892 millibars (26.3 inHg); it is also the strongest hurricane on record to strike the United States. Out of the ten most intense landfalling United States hurricanes, four struck Florida at peak strength.[5]

Hanyoyin guguwa a kan Florida daga 1851 zuwa 1899

Guguwa ta farko da aka rubuta don shafar yankin da ke yanzu jihar Florida ta faru ne a 1523, lokacin da jiragen ruwa biyu da ma'aikatan su suka ɓace a gefen yammacin gabar teku. An san jimlar guguwa 159 da ta shafi jihar kafin 1900, wanda gaba ɗaya ya haifar da akalla mutuwar mutane 6,504 da lalacewar kuɗi sama da dala miliyan 102 (dala 2017). Bugu da ƙari, aƙalla jiragen ruwa 109 ko jiragen ruwa sun kai ga bakin teku, sun rushe, ko kuma sun lalace saboda guguwar. Wata guguwa mai karfi ta auku a arewa maso yammacin Florida a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1863, kuma ita ce farkon saukowa a cikin shekarar da aka sani a Amurka, tana jiran sake dubawa.[2]    Bayani ba shi da yawa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata saboda iyakancewa a cikin lura da guguwa na wurare masu zafi, kodayake yayin da bakin teku suka zama mafi yawan jama'a, ƙarin bayanai sun kasance. Cibiyar Guguwa ta Kasa ta fahimci rashin tabbas a cikin duka adadin mutuwar da kwanakin abubuwan da suka faru.

1900–1949

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Surf daga guguwar Fort Lauderdale ta 19471947 Guguwar Fort Lauderdale

A cikin tsakanin 1900 zuwa 1949, guguwa mai zafi guda 108 sun shafi jihar, wanda tare ya haifar da asarar kusan dala biliyan 4.5 (dala biliyan 2017).  Bugu da ƙari, guguwa mai zafi a Florida ne kai tsaye ke da alhakin kashe mutane kusan 3,500 a lokacin, yawancinsu sun fito ne daga guguwar Okeechobee ta 1928, mafi muni a jihar.  Lokacin 1947 shine shekarar da aka fi samun guguwa mai zafi da ta shafi jihar, tare da jimillar tsarukan guda shida.  Shekaru 1905, 1908, 1913, 1927, 1931, 1942, da 1943 sune kawai shekarun da guguwar ba ta shafi jihar ba.   Guguwar da ta fi karfi kuma mafi tsanani da ta afkawa jihar a lokacin ita ce guguwar Ranar Ma'aikata ta 1935 - wacce ta fi kowacce karfi a tarihin Amurka. Gabaɗaya wannan guguwar, guguwar Miami ta 1926, da guguwar 1928 ta yi sanadiyar rayuka sama da 3,280 a Florida—uku daga cikin al'amuran yanayi 10 mafi tasiri a jihar a ƙarni na 20; guguwar ta 1926 za ta zama mafi tsadar kowace guguwa ta Amurka a cikin ƙimar kuɗi na yanzu. Guguwa mai hikima a shekarun 1940 na daga cikin shekarun da suka fi yawan jama'a a jihar: guguwa guda 11 sun afku daga 1944-50, shida daga cikinsu manya, gami da guguwa guda biyar na Categories 4 a Kudancin Florida. Guguwa ta haifar da ci gaba: tasirin da ke haskakawa a cikin al'umma, yada rikitattun batutuwan siyasa da tattalin arziki, kuma suna haifar da sauye-sauye na zamani kamar sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa da ka'idojin gini..[9]         

1950–1974

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Hoton Radar na Guguwar Donna tana sauka

Samfuri:Strongest Florida landfalling hurricanesA cikin lokacin tsakanin 1950 da 1974, guguwa 85 na wurare masu zafi ko na subtropical sun shafi jihar, wanda gaba ɗaya ya haifar da kusan dala biliyan 7 (dala 2017) a cikin lalacewa, da farko daga Guguwar Donna, Guguwar Cleo (1964) da Dora. Bugu da ƙari, guguwar ta kasance da alhakin mutuwar mutane 93 kai tsaye kuma a kaikaice ga wasu mutuwar 23. Yawancin guguwa na wurare masu zafi sun samar da sama da inci 20 (500 mm) na ruwan sama a cikin jihar, gami da Guguwar Easy, wanda shine mafi girman jimlar a lokacin. Shekarar 1969 ita ce shekarar da aka fi samun guguwa ta wurare masu zafi da ke shafar jihar, tare da jimlar tsarin takwas. Shekaru na 1954 da 1967 sune kawai shekarun da guguwa ba ta shafi jihar ba.    

Guguwar da ta fi Sarki da ta mamaye jihar a lokacin ita ce Guguwar Donna. [3][5] Bugu da ƙari, Guguwa Easy, King, Betsy, da Alma sun buga ko kuma sun shafi jihar a matsayin Manyan guguwa.[4]

Mafi tsananin Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi a cikin Jihar Florida ta Amurka
 tun daga shekara ta 2024
Matsayi Tsarin Lokacin Matsi na barometric 
1 "Ranar Aiki" 1935 892 mbar (hPa)
2 Mika'ilu 2018 919 mbar (hPa)
3 Andrew 1992 922 mbar (hPa)
4 "Maɓallan Florida" 1919 927 mbar (hPa)
5 "Okeechobee" 1928 929 mbar (hPa)
6 "Babban Miami" 1926 930 mbar (hPa)
Donna 1960
8 Irma 2017 931 mbar (hPa)
9 Helene 2024 939 mbar (hPa)
10 "Florida" 1948 940 mbar (hPa)
Tushen: HURDAT, [5] Sashen Binciken Guguwa [6]
†Ƙarfin yana nufin matsin lamba na tsakiya a kan ƙasa mai bugawa.Ƙarfin yana nufin matsin lamba na tsakiya a kan ƙasa mai rauni.
Guguwar Andrew tana kusantar Kudancin Florida a watan Agusta 1992.

  A cikin tsakanin 1975 zuwa 1999, guguwa mai zafi 83 ko na wurare masu zafi sun shafi jihar, wanda tare ya haifar da asarar dala biliyan 51.1 (dala biliyan 2017), musamman daga Hurricane Andrew, da kuma mutane 54 da suka jikkata. Lokacin 1985 shine shekarar da guguwar iska mafi zafi ta shafi jihar, tare da jimillar tsarin takwas. Kowace shekara ta haɗa da aƙalla guguwa mai zafi guda ɗaya da ke shafar jihar. Guguwa mafi karfi da ta afkawa jihar a tsawon wannan lokaci ita ce guguwar Andrew, wacce ta kasance daya daga cikin guguwa guda hudu da ta afkawa Amurka. Andrew, a lokacin, shine guguwar yanayi mafi tsada a tarihin Amurka. Bugu da kari, guguwar Eloise, Elena, da Opal sun afkawa jihar ko kuma suka yi tasiri a jihar a matsayin manyan guguwa.

Gidan da ke bakin rairayin bakin teku a Navarre Beach wanda Guguwar Dennis ta lalata

Lokacin daga 2000 zuwa yanzu an yi alama da guguwa da yawa na Arewacin Atlantic; kamar na 2023 [sabunta], 79 cyclones na wurare masu zafi ko na wurare masu zafi sun shafi jihar Florida ta Amurka. A dunkule, guguwar da aka yi a Florida a wancan lokacin ta yi sanadin asarar sama da dala biliyan 236, mafi yawanta daga guguwar Ian. Bugu da ƙari, guguwa mai zafi a Florida ne ke da alhakin asarar rayuka 145 kai tsaye da aƙalla na kai tsaye 92 a cikin lokacin. Guguwa takwas ta shafi jihar a cikin 2004 da 2005, wadanda su ne shekarun da guguwar ta fi yi wa jihar tasiri. Kowace shekara ta haɗa da aƙalla guguwa mai zafi guda ɗaya da ke shafar jihar.. 

Guguwa mafi karfi da ta mamaye jihar a lokacin shine Michael, wanda ya sauka a Florida a matsayin guguwa ta rukuni na 5 - mafi karfi tun daga Andrew a shekarar 1992. Bugu da ƙari, wasu guguwa tara sun sauka ko kuma sun shafi jihar a matsayin Manyan guguwa.

Babban guguwa na Florida

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manyan guguwa masu zuwa ko dai sun fadi a jihar a matsayin babbar guguwa ko kuma sun kawo iskõki na matsayi na 3 ga jihar. Ga guguwar da ta sauka sau biyu ko fiye, matsakaicin saurin iska, sabili da haka mafi girman rukunin Saffir-Simpson, a mafi ƙarfin sauka an jera shi. Sai kawai saukowa a manyan guguwa ne aka lissafa. An lissafa guguwa tun 1851, wanda shine farkon hukuma na bayanan guguwar Atlantic. [9] Asalin, an rarraba guguwa ta hanyar matsin lamba a cikin karni na 20; duk da haka, ayyukan zamani suna ƙididdige ƙarfin guguwa da matsakaicin iska mai ɗorewa.[7][8] Har yanzu ana rarraba guguwar Amurka ta hanyar matsin lamba ta tsakiya daga 1971 zuwa 1979; [5] [6] saboda haka, ana amfani da matsakaicin iskõki masu ɗorewa a cikin bayanan guguwar Atlantic (HURDAT) don guguwa daga 1971 zuwa 1979, [1] tunda wannan lokacin ba a sake nazarin shi ba ta hanyar aikin sake nazarin guguwar Atlantika. [9][7]  

Babban guguwa na Florida
Guguwa Saffir-SimpsonCategorydagger
 Ranar Tasirin (UTC)
Shekara Iska da ta fadi (a cikin Knots)
Wurin (s)
Babban Florida ta Tsakiya 3 August 23 1851 100 Birnin Panama
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 August 17 1871 100 Tsibirin Jupiter
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 October 7 1873 100 Tsibirin Captiva
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 October 3 1877 100 Birnin Panama
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 September 10 1882 110 Navarre
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 August 16 1888 110 Yankin rairayin bakin teku na Miami
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 October 9 1894 105 Birnin Panama
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 September 29 1896 110 Maɓallin Cedar
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 October 18 1906 105 Marathon Gabashin Flamingo
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 October 11 1909 100 Marathon
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 September 29 1917 100 Gidan shakatawa na Fort Walton
<i id="mwAb8">Maɓallan Florida</i> 4 September 10 1919 130 Dry Turtles
<i id="mwAc0">Tampa Bay</i> 3 25 ga Oktoba 1921 100 Ruwan Tarpon
Babban Miami 4 September 18–20 1926 125 Perrine
Okeechobee 4 September 17 1928 125 Palm Beach
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 September 4 1933 110 Jupiter
Ranar Aiki 5 September 3 1935 160 Maɓallin Craig
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 3 October 18 1944 105 Dry Turtles
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 4 September 15 1945 115 North Key Largo
Gida
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 4 September 17 1947 115 Fort Lauderdale
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 4 September 21–22 1948 115 Gabashin Chokoloskee
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 4 August 26 1949 115 Tafkin Worth
Sauƙin 3 September 5 1950 105 Gabashin Cedar KeyMaɓallin Cedar
Sarki 4 October 18 1950 115 Miami
Donna 4 September 10 1960 125 Conch Key
Betsy 3 September 8 1965 100 Mai shayarwa
Alma 3 June 8 1966 100 Dry Turtles*
Eloise 3 September 23 1975 110 Gabashin Makomar
Elena 3 September 2 1985 100 Gulfport, Mississippi*
Andrew 5 August 24 1992 145 Elliott KeyNorth na Homestead
Gida
Opal 3 October 4 1995 100 Yankin rairayin bakin teku na Pensacola
Charley 4 August 13 2004 130 Cayo Costa
Punta Gorda
Ivan 3 September 16 2004 105 Yammacin Tekun Gulf, Alabama **
Jeanne 3 September 26 2004 105 Tsibirin Hutchinson
Dennis 3 July 10 2005 105 Tsibirin Santa Rosa
Wilma 3 October 24 2005 105 Cape Romano
Irma 4 September 10 2017 115 Maɓallin Cudjoe
Tsibirin Marco
Mika'ilu 5 October 10 2018 140 Yammacin Tekun MexicoYankin Mexico
Ian 4 September 28 2022 130 Cayo Costa
Punta Gorda
Idalia 3 August 30 2023 100 Keaton Beach
Helene 4 September 27 2024 120 Perry
Milton 3 October 9 2024 100 Siesta Key
Bayani: HURDAT, HRD [5][9]
dagger Iska mai yawa a cikin jihar.
* Guguwa ta fadi a wani rukuni na ƙasa ko kuma ba ta sauka a Florida ba, amma ta kawo manyan iskõki na guguwa a can.

Mafi ƙarfi kuma mafi tsanani

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

"Babban", "Babban" da "Mafi Girma" guguwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ba da martabar Saffir–Simpson guguwar Amurka da ta fara a 1975, na farko bisa matsin lamba, sannan akan iska kaɗai tun ƙarshen 1980s; awo na yau da kullun an auna ƙarfin kafin. Guguwar "Babban Guguwa" ta ƙunshi iskoki sama da 125 mph (200 km/h) kuma ta baza iskar guguwa sama da mil 100 (kilomita 160) ko fiye, yayin da kuma ke haifar da tudu mai ƙarfi, ƙananan matsi, barna mai yawa, da hasashe.[18] Guguwar "Babban" ta nuna iskar 101-135 mph (163-217 km/h) da matsi na barometric daga 28.01 zuwa 29.00 inHg (949 zuwa 982 mb); guguwa mai "Matuƙar Girma", aƙalla 136 mph (219 km/h)—ta yi daidai da Rukunin 4 akan ma'aunin Saffir–Simpson—da 28.00 inHg (948 mb) ko ƙasa. Daga 1880 zuwa 1960 an rarraba guguwar Florida masu zuwa a matsayin "Babban", "Major", da/ko "Mafi Girma".

"Babban", "Major", da "Extreme" guguwa a Florida
Guguwa Shekara Ranar Yankin da ya shafa "Mai girma"? "Mafi Girma"? "Yana da Ƙarfin"? SS Rankin Florida
Sauran abubuwa Ref.
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1559 September 19 Pensacola A'a Haka ne, data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | N/A Ɗaya daga cikin guguwa ta farko da aka lura a Florida [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | N/A Pensacola A'a Haka ne, data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | N/A Rushewar Pensacola [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1759 Satumba Kudancin Florida A'a Haka ne, data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | N/A Ruwa mai yawa tsakanin Dry Tortugas da Miami na yanzu [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1766 October 22 St. Marks A'a Haka ne, data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | N/A An ruwaito ruwa mai tsayi 12 (3.7 [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1843 September 13 Tashar jiragen ruwa ta St. Joe A'a Haka ne, A'a 3–4 Port St. Joe ya daidaita
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1846 October 11–12 Key West-Cedar KeyMaɓallin Cedar A'a A'a Haka ne, 4–5 Key West ya rushe
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1848 September 25 Tampa Bay (Fort Brooke) A'a Haka ne, A'a 4–5 Ya haifar da ruwa mai tsayi 15 (4.6 a Tampa [11]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1873 October 5–7 Punta Rassa A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 An samar da ruwa mai tsayi 14 (4.3
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1880 August 28–29 Vero Beach, Palm Beach-Lake Okeechobee
Tafkin Okeechobee		 Haka ne, Haka ne, A'a 2 Yankunan da aka yi mummunan rauni a kusa da yankin Palm Beach na yanzuGundumar Palm Beach
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1886 June 21 Apalachicola-Tallahassee Haka ne, Haka ne, A'a 2 Ruwa mai tsanani da aka haifar [12]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1893 October 11–13 Yankin gabas na gabar teku A'a Haka ne, A'a dagger Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 90 miles per hour (140 km/h) mph (140 km / h) ya yi hawan ruwa
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1894 September 25 Kudu maso Yammacin Florida A'a Haka ne, A'a 2 Rage 12+1⁄2 in ) na ruwan sama a rana12 1⁄2 inches (320 mm)
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1896 September 28–29 Maɓallin Cedar A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 Fiye da rayuka 100 [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1906 September 27 Pensacola* A'a Haka ne, A'a 2 Guguwa mafi muni da ta kai Pensacola a cikin shekaru 170 [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1906 October 18 Kudu maso gabashin Florida A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 Ya kashe kimanin mutane 200 [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1909 October 11 Maɓallan Florida A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 110 miles per hour (180 km/h) km / h) an yi amfani da shi kafin an nakasa anemometer
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1910 October 17–18 Key West
Fort Myers		 Haka ne, Haka ne, A'a 2 Ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1916 July 5 Pensacola* A'a Haka ne, A'a dagger Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 104 miles per hour (167 km/h) km / h) [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1916 October 18 Pensacola A'a Haka ne, A'a 2 Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 114 miles per hour (183 km/h) mph (183 km / h) [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1917 September 28–29 Pensacola A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 103 miles per hour (166 km/h) km / h) [10]
Maɓallan Florida 1919 September 9–10 Key West Haka ne, Haka ne, A'a 4 Mafi karfi a rubuce-rubuce a Key West
Tampa Bay 1921 October 25 Yammacin tsakiyar yankin A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 Guguwa mafi tsanani da ta kai Tampa a cikin shekaru 70
Babban Miami 1926 September 18–20 MiamiPensacola
 Haka ne, A'a Haka ne, 4 Iska mafi girma da matsin lamba mafi ƙasƙanci da aka samo har zuwa lokacin a Amurka
Okeechobee 1928 September 16–17 Palm Beach-Lake Okeechobee, tsibirin Florida
 Haka ne, A'a Haka ne, 4 Ya kai ga Herbert Hoover Dike
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1929 September 27 – October 1 Key Largo
Arewa maso Yammacin Florida		 A'a A'a Haka ne, 3 An ɗanɗana shi zuwa 150 miles per hour (240 km/h) mph (240 km / h)
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1933 September 3–4 Jupiter, tsibirin Florida A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 125 miles per hour (201 km/h) mph (201 km / h) [13]
Ranar Aiki 1935 September 2–4 Maɓallan Florida
Gundumar Taylor		 Haka ne, A'a Haka ne, 5 Guguwa da aka lissafa a sama da 200 miles per hour (320 km/h) mph (320 km / h) [13]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1944 October 18–19 Key West-Tampa-Jacksonville (ƙauyen)
Haka ne, Haka ne, A'a 3 Gudun ido na sa'o'i biyar a wasu wurare
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1945 September 15–16 Gida, Kudancin Florida A'a A'a Haka ne, 4 Ya yi kama da Andrew na 1992
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1947 September 17–18 Fort Lauderdale / Pompano-Fort Myers
 Haka ne, A'a Haka ne, 4 Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 155 miles per hour (249 km/h) mph (249 km / h)
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1948 September 22 Yankin Kudancin A'a Haka ne, A'a 4 Ya ɗanɗana zuwa 122 miles per hour (196 km/h) mph (196 km / h) [10]
Ba a ambaci sunansa ba 1949 August 26–27 Delray Beach, Kudancin Florida A'a A'a Haka ne, 4 Ya yi kama da guguwa ta 1928
Sauƙin 1950 September 3–7 Cedar Key, tsibirin A'a Haka ne, A'a 3 Ya kasance guguwa mafi zafi a rubuce a Florida [10][40]
Sarki 1950 October 17–18 Miami, tsibirin A'a Haka ne, A'a 4 An kawo iska mafi karfi a cikin gari na Miami tun 1926
dagger Ya nuna iskõki sun kasance ƙasa da ƙarfin guguwa a cikin jihar.
* Guguwa ta fadi a waje da Florida.

Kididdigar kowane wata

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ National Hurricane Center (2006). "Tropical Cyclone Climatology". Archived from the original on 2007-12-13. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  2. 1 2 Chenoweth & Mock 2013.
  3. ↑ Blake, Rappaport & Landsea 2007.
  4. ↑ Delgado, Sandy; Landsea, Chris (November 2019). "1961-1965 Atlantic Hurricane Database Reanalysis" (PDF). Retrieved August 2, 2025.
  5. 1 2 "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. May 11, 2024. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. 1 2 Landsea, Chris; Anderson, Craig; Bredemeyer, William; et al. (February 2024). Detailed List of Continental United States Hurricane Impacts/Landfalls 1851-1970, 1983-2023. Re-Analysis Project (Report). Miami, Florida: Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division.
  7. 1 2 Jarrell, Herbert & Mayfield 1992.
  8. ↑ Landsea et al. 2007.
  9. ↑ Atlantic Hurricane Research Division. "Re-Analysis Project". Archived from the original on 2012-07-16. Retrieved 2008-11-22.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Dunn & Miller 1960.
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 1846EYW
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 1880Storm4
  13. 1 2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 1929BAH
Daga "https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerin_guguwa_na_Florida&oldid=697311"