Wannan jerin lokuta ne ko jerin lokuta na tarihin Yoruba. Ya ƙunshi sanannun ko muhimman al'adu, tarihi da abubuwan siyasa a Yoruba, masarautun da ke kusa da shi kamar yadda yake da alaƙa da mutanen Yoruba na Yammacin Afirka. Yawancin kwanakin, musamman waɗanda suka fito daga lokutan da suka gabata kafin tarihin rubuce-rubuce suna kusa, kuma koyaushe ana nuna su lokacin da aka nuna su. Kada ku ƙara abubuwan da ba sanannun ba ne ga wannan jerin lokuta.
Kimanin lokacin da Mutumin Iho Eleru ya zauna a Yoruba ta yanzu. Za a gano ragowarsa daga baya a 1965 tare da kayan aikin dutse na rabin miliyan kusa da ƙauyen Isarun a matsayin sanannen Zamanin Pleistocene (Ice age) samfurin burbushin hominin da aka taɓa ganowa a yammacin Afirka, shekaru 13,000.[1]
A wannan lokacin, mutanen Proto-Yoruboid sun fito ne a matsayin rukuni na musamman daga ƙungiyar Volta-Congo da ba a rarrabe su ba a baya bayan ƙarshen 'babban bushewa' a cikin c. 3500 BC.[2]
Rubuce-rubucen radiocarbon na samfurori na gawayi da aka samo daga yadudduka tsakanin mita 1.90 da 2.01 a zurfin Oke Eri a kudancin Yoruba ya tabbatar da kasancewar mazaunin mutum da aiki daga zamanin dutse na Afirka (Bronze Age) yawan mutanen da ke zaune a Yankin gandun daji na kudancin tsakiyar Yorubaland wanda ya fara a wannan lokacin.[3]
Mutanen Proto-Yoruboid sun bazu zuwa kudu da yamma daga Urheimat, wurin da ake zargi da kasancewa a kusa da kudu maso yammacin mahaɗar Nijar-Benue. Sun kafa ƙananan 'al'ummomin gidaje' ko dangin da yawa a cikin gandun daji, maras kyau da wuraren ciyawa na yankin.[2]
An kafa tsohuwar mazaunin Ufé (Ife) a wannan lokacin ko a baya.[5] Ya fara ne a matsayin rukuni na ƙananan ƙauyuka ko 'al'ummomin gidaje' a cikin wani wuri mai laushi wanda ke kewaye da tuddai a cikin zuciyar gandun daji na Najeriya kamar al'ummomin zamani a fadin Yorubaland da ke fitowa a kusan lokaci guda. Ife duk da haka zai girma ya zama Firayim Ministan Yoruba kuma daya daga cikin jihohin da suka fi tasiri a Afirka ta hanyar yaduwar tsarin mulkin mallaka, al'umma, al'adu da addini ta hanyar mulkin da ke kafa ƙaura, wanda ke samar da ƙwayoyin al'umma a duk yankuna tsakanin ƙananan kogin Nijar da Volta.[6][4]
300 KZBC
Ragowar mutum ("Mutumin Itaakpa") da sauran shaidun archaeological daga mafakar dutse ta Itaakpa da sauran wuraren da ke da alaƙa; Abuke, Oluwaju da Addo, yammacin Ife-Ijumu na yanzu yana nuna kasancewar mutane da zama a arewa maso gabashin Yorubaland a wannan lokacin. Kayan da aka dawo dasu sun hada da; tukwane, ƙwayoyin dabino masu cin wuta, da kayan aikin Microlith. Shi ne wuri na uku na archaeological a Najeriya don samar da ragowar mutum.[7][8][9]
Al'ummomin Yoruba sun kammala yaduwarsu a duk faɗin wuri da ƙasa a yankin Yoruba na yanzu ban da wasu aljihun a yammacin yamma (watau Atakpame). Sun rufe dukkan tafkin bakin teku da bakin teku tsakanin kogin Oueme (Odò Ofe) a yammacin tekun da kogin Escravos (Odò Egbere) a gabashin tekun a matsayin kakannin Itsekiri na zamani.[2]
Obas ya fito ne a matsayin taken ga shugabannin da ke jagorantar manyan kungiyoyin zamantakewar siyasa da ke tasowa a tsakiya da arewa maso gabashin Yorubaland a matsayin manyan gidaje. Tushen waɗannan sabbin siyasa sun kasance a cikin 'al'ummomin gida' na baya ko dangin da suka mamaye al'umma tun aƙalla karni na 4 zuwa 5 KZ. A wasu sassan yankunan tsaunuka na Ekiti da Yagba, Ọwa (shugabannin gidaje) suna amfani da su. A kudu maso gabas, Olója (shugaban al'umma) shine mafi yawan kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su don shugabannin da ke fitowa, yayin da a yammacin Olu (mafi girman matsayi) ana amfani dashi.[2]
656 AD
An kafa wurin tarihi mai tsarki da al'ummar farko ta Orun Oba Ado. [5][4] A can, dukansu gilashin Ife HLHA da aka samar a cikin gida da kuma gilashin soda-lime na kasashen waje an samo su yana nuna cewa Ife na iya kasancewa wani ɓangare na cibiyoyin kasuwanci masu nisa / masu yawa a wannan lokacin.[10]
An kafa manyan gidaje goma sha uku a Ife, mafi girma daga cikinsu shine Idita ko Iranje Babban gidaje gomashekara goma sha uku na farko sun shiga yarjejeniyar siyasa ta tarayya tare da jagorancin juyawa a matsayin ƙaramar jiha ta farko a Yorubaland. Wasu daga cikin sarakunan dangi goma sha uku sun hada da; Obaluru, Oba ijio, Obawinrin, Obalejugbe, Obameri da sauransu, a karkashin jagorancin mutane kamar Oramfe / Oranfe sannan Obatala.[2]
800 AD ~
Harshen yaren Yoruba na yanzu ya bambanta zuwa uku daga cikin rukuni biyar na yanzu ban da arewa maso yamma da kudu maso yammacin Yoruba waɗanda da alama ba su ci gaba ba a wannan lokacin.[2][2]
Ife ya canza zuwa birni mai karfi na gandun daji, tare da farawar zamanin fasaha. Birnin ya fara fuskantar bunkasa samar da fasaha wanda ya canza ife zuwa babban cibiyar kirkire-kirkire.[11]
An halicci Idena "mai kula da gida" da Ore (Olofefura) da aka sassaƙa daga dutse mai ƙarfi a ƙofar Ore grove (Ibo Ore) da ke da alaƙa da Oke Ora a Ile-Ife. An nuna siffofin suna tsaye tare da yatsunsu da aka kulle, jikin da ba shi da kyau, babban murfin da aka ɗora shi da sash a jikinsa na ƙasa, mundaye da aka ɗore da kuma beads globular da aka ɗorata cikin kayan ado na wuyansa. Hoton idena yana ba da haske game da al'adun tufafi, addini, da al'adu na mutanen da ke zaune a tsakiyar Yorubaland a kusa da shekara ta 800.[12]
840 AD
Binciken archaeological da tonowa daga tuddai na zagaye a Tsohon Oyo ko Oyo-ile, yankin da daga baya zai zama babban birnin Daular Oyo ya tabbatar da kasancewar ayyukan ɗan adam da zama a arewa maso yammacin Yorubaland a wannan lokacin.[13][4]
870 AD
An gina gine-ginen tsaro na Sungbo's Eredo a yankin Ijebu_Kingdom" id="mwAWE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ijebu Kingdom">Kasar Ijebu a kudu maso tsakiyar Yorubaland. Tare da tsawon kilomita 165 da tsawo tsakanin 5m da 20m a cikin sassa mafi zurfi tare da bangon gefen tsaye, gina shi ya haɗa da motsa kimanin mita miliyan 3.5 na ƙasa.[14] An ba da shawarar cewa an gina Eredo a matakai, tare da ɓangaren gabas da aka gina da farko a matsayin kariya ta jama'ar Yoruba da ake kira Udoko, da kuma ɓangaren yamma da Obanta na zamanin Ijebu ya gina daga baya.[15] An dauke shi mafi girman tsarin ƙasa da aka taɓa ginawa a Afirka, kuma tare da binciken LiDAR yanzu an dauke shi mafi girma a duniya.[14][3][16]
890 AD
Thermoluminescence dating na siffofin sabulu na Esiẹ ya sanya su a wannan lokacin.[17][2] Siffofin Esie, masu ƙidaya fiye da 1,000 sune mafi girman tarin siffofin dutse a Afirka. Adadin suna da kamanceceniya da waɗanda suka fito daga farkon lokacin koyarwar Ife kuma wataƙila ƙungiyar da ke da alaƙa da Ife ta farko ce ta yi su tare da wata ƙungiya da ake kira 'Oba al'adu'.[2]
Ma'anar Sarautar allahntaka watau Oba kasancewa Allah-Sarki, memba na Orisha, da kuma bayyanar allahntaka ya zama misali a Ife daga inda zai zama samfurin mulki da tsarin zamantakewa a duk yankin.[18] Har ila yau, addinin Yoruba na Ifa ya zama daidai a Ife a wannan lokacin kodayake aikin yana ci gaba a hankali tare da haɗin da ke kewaye da tsakiyar Yorubaland tun farkon lokacin Ife (500-800 AD). [6] Ife za ta ci gaba da kula da wannan al'ada na farko na ƙarni da yawa bayan haka.[18]
Ife ta fara <b id="mwAcM">samar da gilashi</b> na asali, fasahar da ba a sani ba a Afirka ta kudu da Sahara kuma tana haɓaka mallakar kasuwancin samfur.[5][4] Yaduwar beads na Ife ya fara ne a wani lokaci a kusa da 900CE kuma binciken archaeological a shafin yanar gizon Igbo Olokun ya samar da fiye da beads na gilashi 13,000 da kilo da yawa na crucibles, tarkace na samarwa da raguwar vitrified wanda ya kasance daga akalla karni na 11.[10] Binciken sunadarai na gilashin Ife ko Yoruba ya nuna sa hannun sunadarai ta musamman daban-daban daga sauran sanannun nau'ikan gilashi daga ko'ina cikin duniya.[10] An kara kayan ado ciki har da manganese, baƙin ƙarfe, cobalt, da jan ƙarfe da gangan don samar da launuka daban-daban, gami da inuwa na dichroic blue-green (Ṣẹ̀gí, Akori, "Coris"), [19] mara launi, mai launi da yawa, launin toka mai duhu / baƙar fata da ja-yellow (Iyùn). [10] Wadannan gilashin gilashi daga Ilé-Ifè An samo su a wuraren binciken archaeological na; Kissi, Diouboye, Gao, Essouk, Kumbi Saleh da Kanem a kan Tafkin Chadi, yana nuna sa hannun Ife a matsayin cibiyar samarwa a cikin babbar hanyar kasuwanci ta Yammacin Afirka wanda ya sa ya wadata sosai.[20][10][5]
Oduduwa, jagora daga al'ummar Oke Ora (dutse na Ora) zuwa gabashin Ife ya mallaki sarauta a Ife, wanda ya gabatar da ƙarshen lokacin koyarwar Ife wanda aka fi sani da zamanin Oduduwa ko daular ta biyu, [21] wanda aka yi alama da siyasa, addini da tattalin arziki.[22][23] Babban tushen tattalin arzikin Ife ya sauya daga aikin gona zuwa ƙwararren ƙwararren.[5]
Ife ta ci gaba a cikin gari na kasuwa / cibiyar kasuwanci mai mahimmanci tare da cibiyar sadarwa mai zurfi na yankuna masu ba da gudummawa, kuma a lokaci guda ta fito a matsayin tashar kudancin cibiyar kasuwanci ta Trans-Saharan wanda shine tushen farko na shigo da jan ƙarfe zuwa Afirka ta Yamma.[24][25]
Oba Ọjájá II Samfuri:Post-nominals an naɗa shi a matsayin Ooni na 51, shugaban gargajiya da mai mulkin masarautar Ife bayan kammala al'adun gargajiya da ke tattare da su.[26]
2019
Dec 14
Oba Ogunoye III an naɗa shi a matsayin 33rd Ọ__wol____wol____wol__ (Ọgwa), shugaban gargajiya da mai mulki na masarautar Owo bayan kammala al'adun gargajiya da ke tattare da su.
2023
August 20
Bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba da zanga-zangar da kuma lobby, tsarin imani na 'yan asalin Yoruba, ya sami amincewar hukuma daga gwamnatocin jihohi huɗu a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya; (Oyo, Osun, Legas, da Ogun) tare da hutun yanki na shekara-shekara da ake kira "Isese Day" da za a yi bikin kowace 20 ga Agusta. Wannan ya nuna ganewar farko game da yanayinta a Najeriya.
2025
March 13
Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Benin ta zartar da doka da ta tsara mulkoki 16, manyan shugabannin 80 da shugabannin al'ada 10 a matsayin waɗanda jihar ta amince da su a hukumance daga cikin fiye da 300.[27] A cewar gwamnati, dokar ta yi niyyar "Ba da shugabanci na gargajiya rawar da ya dace wajen gina sabon Benin wanda ya dogara da al'adun sa don fuskantar kalubale na zamani". Daga cikin mulkoki 16 da ke da iko na tsakiya da kuma yankuna da aka kafa, hudu sun fito ne daga Yoruba; Ibo Idaasha, Ketu, Itakete (Sakete) da Shabe (Savè). [28] An sanya wasu da yawa a matsayin 'babban shugabanni'.[29]
2025
April 5
Oba Ẹlẹ́wù Ẹtù An naɗa ni a matsayin Alaafin na 46, mai mulkin gargajiya na Oyo bayan kammala duk al'adun gargajiya da ke tattare da su da bin shekaru uku.[30]
2025
July 13
Ọba Ogbagba Agbotewole II, Awujale na Ijebu Ode, babban birnin Masarautar Ijebu, Sikiru Kayode Adetona daga gidan sarauta na Anikinaiya ya mutu yana da shekaru 91 bayan mulkin shekaru 65. Ya kasance daya daga cikin sarakunan gargajiya da suka fi dadewa a Najeriya (an naɗa shi a watan Janairun 1960 yana da shekaru 26). [31]
Jerin lokaci na tarihin Yoruba
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