Jicaquean languages

Jicaquean languages
Dangin harshen	abu abstract entity (en) languoid (en) language (en) human language (en) indigenous language (en) Indigenous languages of the Americas (en) Mesoamerican languages (en) Jicaquean languages
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	jica1245

Jicaquean, wanda aka fi sani da Tol, ƙaramin iyali ne na Honduras . Akwai harsuna biyu da aka tabbatar da Jicaquean, Tol (Eastern Jicaque) da Yammacin Jicaque (Holt 1999), wanda Campbell (1997) ya ba da rahoton cewa suna da nisa kamar Turanci da Yaren mutanen Sweden. Tol ne kawai ya tsira.

Rarraba

Kafin wani takarda mai tasiri da Greenberg da Swadesh suka rubuta a shekarar 1953 An yi zaton Tol (wanda aka fi sani da Eastern Jicaque) ya zama wani harshe da aka ware, wato, babu wani ilimi game da yiwuwar alaƙar kwayoyin halitta. Sun yi jayayya cewa ya kamata a ƙara Tol a cikin Hokan stock, wani babban harshe, phylum ko iyali, wanda RB Dixon da Alfred D. Kroeber suka gabatar a shekarar 1913. A shekarar 1977, David Oltrogge ya gabatar da shawarar danganta Tol da harshen Subtiaba da ya ɓace na Nicaragua, da kuma Chontal na Oaxaca, wanda kuma aka sani da Tequistlateco . Wannan a kaikaice ya zama kawai rarrabuwa, tunda dukkan harsuna uku da ake magana a kansu wani ɓangare ne na Hokan stock da aka gabatar. Bayan 'yan shekaru, Campbell da Oltrogge sun buga sake gina phonemes na Jicaquean, bisa ga bayanan da ake da su game da Yamma da Gabashin Jicaque. A cikin wannan takarda sun nuna shakku mai ƙarfi game da alaƙar Hokan da Tol da kuma ɗan sha'awa game da yiwuwar alaƙar da ke tsakanin Chontal na Oaxaca, amma sun jaddada cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin bayani don a iya faɗin wani abu mai ma'ana. Kwanan nan, Kaufman ya nuna ci gaba da goyon bayansa ga alaƙar Hokan da Tol.

Granberry & Vescelius (2004) sun yi hasashen cewa Harshen Ciguayo na Hispaniola na iya samun dangi a cikin yarukan Tolan.

Harshe na asali

Ginin Proto-Jicaque na Campbell da Oltrogge (1980):