Jirgin Sama na Sweden Transair 001
A ranar 18 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta alif 1961, wani jirgin sama na fasinja na DC-6 daga kamfanin Transair Sweden wanda ke aiki don Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ya fadi kusa da Ndola, Northern Rhodesia (wanda yanzu ake kira da kasar Zambia). Hatsarin ya haifar da mutuwar dukkanin mutanen da ke cikin jirgin, ciki har da Dag Hammarskjöld, wanda shi ne sakataren-general na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na biyu, da kuma wasu 15. Hammarskjöld yana cikin hanya ne domin tattaunawar dakatar da yaki tare da Moïse Tshombe a lokacin Congo Crisis. Binciken hukuma guda uku basu samu cikakken hujja kan musabbabin hatsarin ba. Wasu masana tarihi da kwararrun soja kamar Susan Williams sun yi suka kan binciken hukuma, suna nuna hujjoji na yiwuwar neman gundura wanda aka cire daga binciken.
Mutuwar Hammarskjöld ta haifar da rikici na gado a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, lokacin da Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta samu umarnin zabar wanda zai maye gurbinsa. Wannan rikici ya jawo hankalin duniya gaba ɗaya, inda aka fara tattaunawa kan wanda zai zama sabon sakataren-gaba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.[1] Wannan ya haifar da cikas a cikin tsarin gudanarwa, yayin da wakilan kasashe daban-daban suka yi tsokaci kan yadda za a zabi wanda zai maye gurbinsa.[2]
Jirgin Sama da Ƙungiyar Jirgin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jirgin saman yana da sigar Douglas DC-6B, c/n 43559/251, wanda aka yi rajista a Sweden da lambar SE-BDY, wanda aka fara tashi a shekarar 1952 kuma yana amfani da injinan Pratt & Whitney R-2800 18-cylinder radial piston engines guda hudu.[3] Jirgin yana tafiya ne karkashin jagorancin Capitan Per Hallonquist (35), mataimakin ofishiya Lars Litton (29), da kuma injiniyan jirgi Nils Göran Wilhelmsson.[4]
Rahoton Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rahoton musamman da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta fitar ya bayyana cewa an ga wani haske mai haskakawa a sama kusan karfe 01:00[4] wanda ya haifar da fara ayyukan nema da ceto. Alamu na farko da suka nuna cewa hatsarin ba zai iya zama na al'ada ba sun jagoranci zuwa bincike na hukuma da kuma ci gaba da hasashe cewa sakataren-gaba an kashe shi ne ta hanyar kisan gilla.[5]
Binciken Hukuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Shekarun 1960s
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan mutuwar Hammarskjöld, an gudanar da bincike guda uku game da halin da ya haifar da hatsarin jirgin: Rhodesian Board of Investigation, Rhodesian Commission of Inquiry, da United Nations Commission of Investigation.[6]
Rhodesian Board of Investigation ta gudanar da bincike tsakanin 19 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1961 da 2 ga Nuwamba 1961[6] a karkashin jagorancin Lt. Colonel M.C.B. Barber. Rhodesian Commission of Inquiry, wanda Sir John Clayden ya jagoranta, ta gudanar da taro daga 16 zuwa 29 ga Janairu shekarar alif 1962 ba tare da kulawar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba. Bayan haka, United Nations Commission of Investigation ta gudanar da jerin taro a shekarar 1962, inda ta dogara wani ɓangare kan shaidar da aka bayar daga binciken Rhodesian na baya.[6] An nada "mashahuran mutanen" guda biyar daga sabuwar sakataren-gaba don jagorantar binciken Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Mambobin kwamiti sun zabi diflomat din Nepal Rishikesh Shah a matsayin shugaban binciken.[6]
Bari mai bincike guda uku ba su iya tantance musabbabin hatsarin ba. Rhodesian Board of Investigation ta tura ma'aikata 180 don bincika wani yanki na filin tashi na jirgin sama wanda ya kai murabba'in kilomita 6, amma ba a samu wata shaida da ta nuna cewa an yi amfani da bam, maki na sama zuwa ƙasa ko satar jirgin sama ba.[7]Rahoton hukuma ya nuna cewa daga cikin matukan tsaron na Swedish guda biyu da suka mutu, sun sami raunuka masu yawa daga harsasai. Duk da haka, binciken likitoci da Rhodesian Board of Investigation ta gudanar a cikin rahoton hukuma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya nuna cewa raunukan ba su da zurfi kuma harsasai ba su nuna alamun rifling ba. Rahoton ya kammala cewa harbe-harben sun fashe ne a cikin wuta kusa da matukan tsaron.[6] Hukumar Rhodesian ta kammala cewa mataimakin jirgin saman ya tashi sosai ƙasa sannan ya ci itace, wanda ya sa jirgin saman ya fadi.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Halberstam, David (19 September 1961). "Hammarskjold Dies In African Air Crash; Kennedy Going To U. N. In Succession Crisis". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021.
- ↑ Hamilton, Thomas J. (1961-09-23). "INTERIM U.N. HEAD IS URGED BY RUSK; HIS TIMING SCORED; Delegates Fear Speech Will Harm Attempts at Accord on Temporary Chief REDS SEIZE ON REMARKS Soviet Bloc Renews Charge That Appointee Would Be Pawn in 'Cold War' INTERIM U.N. HEAD IS URGED BY RUSK". The New York Times (in Turanci). p. 1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
- ↑ "Airliners.net".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Special Report on the Fatal Flight of the Secretary-General's Aircraft" (PDF). United Nations. 19 September 1961. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2009.
- ↑ Hollington, Kris (August 2008). Wolves, Jackals and Foxes. Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 978-0-312-37899-8.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 United Nations General Assembly Session 17 Report of the Commission of investigation into the conditions and circumstances resulting in the tragic death of Mr Dag Hammarskjold and members of the party accompanying him. A/5069 24 April 1962. Retrieved 21 November 2008.(direct link: "A/5069". Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2010.)
- ↑ Job, Macarthur (2001). Air Disaster Volume 4. 4. Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd. p. 142. ISBN 1-875671-48-X.
- ↑ "Hammarskjold dies in plane crash". History.com. 9 February 2010. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019.