Jirgin kasar TAZARA

Jirgin kasar TAZARA
railway line (en)
Bayanai
Farawa	1976
Ƙasa	Tanzaniya da Zambiya
Ma'aikaci	Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (en)
Date of official opening (en)	1976
Track gauge (en)	1067 mm track gauge (en)
Route diagram template (en)	Template:TAZARA (en)
Wuri
9°18′56″S 32°45′49″E

Jirgin kasar TAZARA Titin jirgin kasa na Tazara, wanda kuma ake kira da Uhuru Railway ko Tanzam Railway, layin dogo ne a gabashin Afirka wanda ya hada tashar jiragen ruwa na Dar es Salaam da ke gabashin Tanzaniya da garin Kapiri Mposhi a lardin tsakiyar kasar Zambia. Titin jirgin kasa mai guda daya yana da tsawon kilomita 1,860 (mita 1,160) kuma hukumar kula da layin dogo ta Tanzania-Zambia (TAZARA) ce ke sarrafa shi.

Gwamnatocin Tanzaniya da Zambiya da Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin sun gina layin dogo ne domin kawar da dogaro da tattalin arzikin kasar Zambiya a kan Rhodesia da Afirka ta Kudu, wadanda gwamnatocin 'yan tsiraru ne ke mulkinsu. Titin jirgin kasa ya samar da hanya daya tilo da za a yi ciniki mai tarin yawa daga Copperbelt ta kasar Zambiya don isa teku ba tare da wucewar wasu yankunan da fararen hula ke mulki ba. Ruhin tsarin gurguzu na Pan-Africa tsakanin shugabannin kasashen Tanzaniya da Zambiya da kuma alamar goyon bayan da kasar Sin ke baiwa kasashen Afirka masu 'yancin kai, ya sa aka ayyana Tazara a matsayin "Babban layin dogo na Uhuru", wato kalmar Swahili ta 'yanci.

An gina aikin ne daga shekarar 1970 zuwa 1975 a matsayin wani muhimmin aikin da kasar Sin ta samar da kuma tallafawa. A lokacin da aka kammala shi, Tazara ita ce layin dogo mafi tsayi a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara. Har ila yau, Tazara shi ne aikin bayar da agajin waje mafi girma guda daya da kasar Sin ta aiwatar a wancan lokacin, kan aikin gini na dalar Amurka miliyan 406 (kwatankwacin dalar Amurka biliyan 3.19 a yau). Tazara ta fuskanci matsalolin aiki tun daga farko kuma tana ci gaba da gudanar da ita ta hanyar ci gaba da taimakon kasar Sin, da kasashen Turai da dama, da kuma Amurka. Yawan zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ya kai tan miliyan 1.2 a shekarar 1986, amma ya fara raguwa a shekarun 1990 bayan kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu da 'yancin kai na Namibiya ya bude madadin hanyoyin safarar tagulla na Zambia. Yawan zirga-zirgar sufurin kaya ya ragu da tan 88,000 a cikin kasafin kuɗi na shekarar 2014/2015, ƙasa da kashi 2% na ƙarfin ƙirar layin dogo na tan miliyan 5 a kowace shekara.

A watan Fabrairun 2024, Kamfanin Gine-gine na Injin Injiniya na kasar Sin (CCECC) ya gabatar da shawarar inganta Tazara zuwa ma'aunin ma'auni, da kuma neman izinin gudanar da layin. An rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna a taron dandalin tattaunawar hadin gwiwa tsakanin Sin da Afirka karo na 9 (FOCAC) a nan birnin Beijing a watan Satumba na shekarar 2024. Za a fara aikin sake fasalin ne a matsayin hadin gwiwar jama'a masu zaman kansu.