Kabari na Washington Park
Kabarin Washington Park wani kabari ne na tarihi na Afirka da Amurka wanda ke aiki daga 1920 har zuwa 1980 kuma yana cikin Berkeley, Missouri, wani yanki na St. Louis, Missouri . Babban rushewa ya faru a cikin shekaru da yawa don ayyukan gini daban-daban. Ya zuwa 2022, kokarin tsaftacewa na gida yana ci gaba saboda yanayin lalacewa na dogon lokaci.[1]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Washington Park Cemetery an kafa shi ne a cikin 1920 ta hanyar 'yan kasuwa Andrew Henry Watson da Joseph John Hauer a matsayin wurin binnewa na riba, wurin binnewa mai kulawa ga' yan Afirka na Afirka, daga ƙarshe ya zama mafi girman makabartar Afirka ta Afirka a yankin St. Louis a lokacin.[2] Fararen fata sun yi adawa da gina makabartar kuma kodayake Watson da Hauer sun goyi bayan ra'ayoyin wariyar launin fata game da haƙƙin ƙasa, daidaito, da amfani da wuraren shakatawa na jama'a, sun kare haƙƙin baƙi don yin biki a filin. A sakamakon haka, sun kasance batun zargi don, "taɓawa ƙasar ƙasar bucolic tare da kasancewar baƙar fata St. Louisans".[2]
Da farko a ƙarshen rabin karni na 20, an yi tasiri ga makabartar ta hanyar ayyukan gini guda uku. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, an yi ikirarin kadada 75 don Interstate 70, [3] wanda ya raba dukiyar makabartar kuma ya shimfiɗa a kan kaburbura. A cikin 1972, fadada Filin jirgin saman St. Louis Lambert ya yi ikirarin kadada tara. A cikin 1992, fadada tsarin dogo mai sauƙi na St. Louis, MetroLink, ya yi ikirarin ƙarin ƙasa. A cikin waɗannan ayyukan uku, an kiyasta gawawwakin 11,974 zuwa 13,600 kuma an sake su, wanda ya haifar da wasu iyalai sun rasa hanyar kaburbura na kakanninsu.[2]
Maidowa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kabarin ya daina ayyukan kasuwanci a ƙarshen shekarun 1980. [1] Masu gwagwarmaya da kafofin watsa labarai na cikin gida sun nuna makabarta don gudanar da ita, [2] [3] [4] da kuma allon talla da aka sanya a cikin filin makabarta. [4] [5][1] A watan Agustan 2020, an cire waɗannan allon talla daga makabarta bayan sasantawar karar tsakanin kamfanin talla, DDI Media, da ƙungiyar masu fafutuka ta Wanda Brandon, Washington Park Cemetery Anti-Desecration League . [6]
Rahotanni na labarai a cikin 2019 sun bayyana cewa birnin Berkeley zai sayi makabartar a cikin 2019 don $ 30.[4] Kokarin maidowa a makabartar ta kungiyoyin masu sa kai daban-daban suna ci gaba, da fatan juya wannan zuwa wurin tarihi.[1] Ya zuwa watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022 , shafin yanar gizon birnin ya bayyana cewa makabartar ta kasance a hannun masu zaman kansu.[5] Wani rahoto na labarai, a watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, ya bayyana cewa makabartar tana cikin amincewar da St. Louis County ke riƙe da ita saboda haraji da ba a biya ba.
Sauran makabarta na Afirka ta Amurka da ke kusa da su sun hada da Greenwood Cemetery (1874), Father Dickson Cemetery (1903), da Quinette Cemetery (1866). [6]
Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Miles Dewey Davis Jr. (1898-1962) likitan hakora kuma mahaifin mawaƙin jazz Miles Davis . [3][7]
- Jessie Housley Holliman (1905-1984) malami, muralist, printmaker, da kuma mai zane-zane.[8]
- Joseph E. Mitchell (1876-1952) da William Mitchell (1896-1945) 'yan uwan da suka kafa St. Louis Argus . [7]
- Charles Hubbard Thompson (1891-1964) pianist kuma mawaƙi, wanda aka sani da "Lily Rag" [7]
- George L. Vaughn (1885-1950) lauya, wanda aka sani da wakiltar J.D. Shelley a cikin Kotun Koli Shelley v. Kraemer (1948). [7]
- Frank Lunsford Williams (1864-1953) babban malami kuma malami, ɗan kasuwa, shugaban jama'a [9]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jerin makabarta a Amurka
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 "Spire employees clean up Washington Park Cemetery Monday". FOX 2 (in Turanci). 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
- 1 2 3 "About the Cemetery: The History of Washington Park Cemetery". Higher Ground: Honoring Washington Park Cemetery, Its People and Place (in Turanci). Washington University Digital Gateway. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- 1 2 Colten, Jennifer (June 2017). "Washington Park Cemetery: Then and Now". Places Journal (in Turanci) (2017). doi:10.22269/170601. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ↑ Hurwitz, Sophie (August 23, 2020). "Billboards removed from Washington Park Cemetery". The St. Louis American.
- ↑ "Washington Park Cemetery North". Retrieved 23 December 2022.
- ↑ Hurwitz, Sophie (August 23, 2020). "Billboards removed from Washington Park Cemetery". The St. Louis American.
- 1 2 3 4 Williams, Terri. "Buried Legacies: Selected Notable Individuals Buried at Washington Park Cemetery" (.jpg). Higher Ground: Honoring Washington Park Cemetery, Its People and Place (in Turanci). Washington University Digital Gateway. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ↑ Blumenfeld, Jacob (2021). "Jessie Housley" (in Turanci). doi:10.37764/5776. S2CID 240991196 Check
|s2cid=value (help). Retrieved December 3, 2022. Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ "Williams, Frank Lunsford". Notable Kentucky African Americans Database (NKAA). University of Kentucky Libraries.