Kagara Saint Elizabeth

Kagara Saint Elizabeth (Ukr. Фортеця Святої Єлизавети) wani kagara ne mai siffar tauraro mai siffar hexagonal a cikin birnin Kropyvnytskyi, daya daga cikin 10 irin wadannan kagara a duk Turai kuma babbar alamar tsakiyar Ukraniya.

Hoton iska

Makabartar soja

Bayan kafa mulkin mallaka na "Sabuwa Serbia" da mazauna kudancin Turai suka yi, Ukrainiyan Cossacks, bisa ga umarnin Sarauniyar Elizabeth, ya gina sansanin soja don kare wadannan yankuna daga hare-haren daular Usmaniyya. A cikin 1654, an ƙaddamar da kawancen soja, a cikin tsarin wanda Ukrainiyans suka shiga yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa a gefen Rasha. A lokacin yakin daular Usmaniyya daga shekara ta 1768 zuwa 1774, katangar mai dauke da sojoji 6,000, ta yi nasarar dakile wani katafaren kawanya da maharan dubu 70 suka yi musu tare da dakile harin na Turkiyya. A cikin 1784, an kai cannons a cikin kagara zuwa Kherson. A 1794, 162 cannons sun kasance a can, suna hidimar sojoji 277. Bayan karni na 18, kawai biyu cannons sun tsira - an sanya su a kan ginshiƙan dutse a ƙofar babbar kofa. Ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1842, sarki Nicholas I na Rasha ya isa sansanin soja don farati, a 1874 - Alexander II, da 1888 - Alexander III .

A lokacin yaki da Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Ukraniyan, 'yan gurguzu sun mamaye birnin, wadanda suka kafa gidan yari ga abokan adawar siyasa a nan. A lokacin yunwa na 1932-1933, lalacewa ta hanyar wucin gadi dalilai da kuma gane a matsayin kisan kare dangi, da kuma repressions na 1937, OGPU da NKVD (Soviet Tsaro Service) asirce binne gawarwakin wadanda suka mutu da yunwa da kuma gawarwakin wadanda suka mutu da danniya a cikin kaburbura. An haramta batun danniya na siyasa na Soviet don tattaunawa ko da a cikin tattaunawar sirri kuma musamman a cikin kafofin watsa labaru; duk wani ambatonsa zai iya kai ga daure marubucin ko kuma asibitin mahaukata, lamarin da ya kasance har zuwa faduwar mulkin kama-karya a 1991 .

A lokacin mamayar da 'yan Nazi suka yi a birnin daga 1941 zuwa 1944, an yi ta harbe-harbe da dubban Yahudawa da mayakan gwagwarmaya a nan akai-akai. Bayan ’yanci, an binne matattu a nan. Tun daga shekara ta 1950, an gina wani babban abin tunawa da wadanda yakin duniya na biyu ya rutsa da su a nan, wanda ya kunshi kaburbura 50,000, galibi 'yan Ukraine da Yahudawa.

Mutummutumai a cikin kagara

A cikin shekarun 1960, an kafa abubuwan tarihi na dutse a kan kaburbura, kuma a farkon shekarun 1980, an sanya sassaka a tsakiyar kaburbura. Akwai abubuwan tunawa da aka sadaukar don jarumawa na yakin duniya na biyu da yakin Rasha-Ukrainian (2014-). Bugu da kari, a cikin 2016, an gina wani abin tunawa ga wadanda bala'in yunwar 1932-1933 ya shafa .