Kamfanin Burtaniya na Gabashin Afirka
 Kamfanin Burtaniya na Gabashin Afirka | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | ginin daji |
| Masana'anta |
trade (en)  |
| Mulki | |
| Hedkwata | Landan |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1888 |
| Wanda ya samar | |
| Founded in | Gabashin Afirka |
Kamfanin Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEAC) kungiya ce ta kasuwanci da aka kafa don bunkasa cinikin Afirka a yankunan da Daular Burtaniya ke sarrafawa. An kafa kamfanin ne a Landan a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 1888 kuma Sarauniya Victoria ta ba shi takardar shaidar sarauta a ranar 6 ga Satumba 1888. Dan Scotland William Mackinnon ne ya jagoranci shi kuma ya gina shi a kan ayyukan kasuwanci na kamfaninsa a yankin, tare da ƙarfafawar gwamnatin Burtaniya ta hanyar ba da takardar shaidar mulkin mallaka, kodayake bai kasance a bayyane ba abin da hakan ke nufi.
IBEAC ta kula da yanki na kimanin murabba'in kilomita ,800 (639,000 ) tare da gabar39° Gabas Afirka (daga Somalia ta zamani zuwa Kenya ta zamani), cibiyarta tana da kusan 39 ° Gabas da 0 ° latitude. Mombasa da tashar jiragen ruwa sun kasance tsakiyar ayyukanta, tare da ofishin gudanarwa game da kilomita 50 (kilomita 80) kudu a Shimoni. Ya ba da kariya daga gurfanar da shi ga talakawan Burtaniya ya ba su damar ɗaga haraji, sanya al'adun al'ada, gudanar da adalci, yin yarjejeniyoyi kuma in ba haka ba su yi aiki a matsayin gwamnatin yankin.[1]
A cikin 1893 IBEAC ta canja haƙƙin gudanarwa na yankin ga Gwamnatin Burtaniya. Daga nan aka raba yankin don samar da Uganda Protectorate a 1894 da Gabashin Afirka Protectorate (daga baya Kenya) a 1895.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A farkon shekarun 1880, ikon Turai sun yi gaggawar samun yankuna a cikin yankuna masu sha'awa a Afirka, wanda har yanzu ba a da'awar wata al'umma ko jiha ba ta Afirka ba. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yankuna, Sultanate na Zanzibar da ciki na Gabashin Afirka, ya ja hankalin Jamus da Burtaniya. Da fatan warware wannan sha'awar ta hanyar zaman lafiya, a cikin 1886 Jamus da Burtaniya sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya inda suka amince da waɗanne ƙasashe za su bi kawai. Jamus za ta yi ikirarin bakin tekun Tanzania ta yanzu kuma Burtaniya ta ci gaba da samun damar zuwa yankin da Kenya da Uganda ke ciki.
Baya ga aikin da ake tsammani da ke tattare da sarrafa fitarwa da gudanar da kayayyaki da aikin gona, babban rawar da IBEAC ke takawa ita ce fara sauƙaƙe gina hanyar jirgin ƙasa da ke haɗa yankin gabas na Mombasa zuwa Tafkin Victoria. Kamfanin ya dauki James Macdonald tare da taimakon John Wallace Pringle, duka jami'ai a cikin Royal Engineers, don gudanar da binciken a cikin 1891-1892. Su biyu sun bayar da rahoto mai kyau, suna mai lura da cewa Kikuyuland zai dace da zama na Turai.[2] Koyaya, IBEAC ba ta da kuɗin da ake buƙata don fara aikin.[3] IBEAC ta fara gina Hanyar Mackinnon-Sclater, hanyar keken shanu mai nisan kilomita 600 (kilomita 970) daga Mombasa zuwa Busia a kan iyakar Uganda, a cikin 1890.