Kare Mata daga Dokar Cin zarafin Cikin Gida, 2005

  

Kare Mata daga Dokar Cin zarafin Cikin Gida, 2005
Act of the Parliament of India (en)
Bayanai
Bangare na	list of Acts of the Parliament of India for 2005 (en)
Ƙasa	Indiya
Applies to jurisdiction (en)	Indiya
Ranar wallafa	14 Satumba 2005
Shafin yanar gizo	egazette.nic.in…
Effective date (en)	26 Oktoba 2006
Date of promulgation (en)	13 Satumba 2005
Amended by (en)	Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (en)
Legal citation of this text (en)	Act No. 43 of 2005

Kariyar Mata daga Rikicin Gida ta 2005 doka ce ta Majalisar Dokokin Indiya da aka kafa don kare mata daga tashin hankalin gida . Dokar ta fara aiki a ranar 26 ga Oktoba 2006. A karo na farko a cikin dokar Indiya, Dokar ta bayyana "tashin hankali na cikin gida", tare da ma'anar yana da fadi kuma ya haɗa da ba kawai tashin hankali na jiki ba, har ma da wasu nau'o'in tashin hankali irin su tunanin mutum, magana, jima'i da cin zarafi. Dokar farar hula ce da ake nufi da farko don umarnin kariya, maimakon aiwatar da aikata laifuka.

Ma'anoni

Kariyar Mata Daga Dokar Rikicin Cikin Gida, 2005 ya bambanta da tanade-tanaden Kundin Laifukan Indiya domin yana ba da ma'anar tashin hankali mafi girma a cikin abin da ya shafi da kuma wanda yake karewa.

Bisa ga dokar, an bayyana mutumin da aka yi wa fushi a matsayin "duk macen da ke, ko kuma ta kasance, a cikin dangantaka ta gida tare da wanda ake kara kuma wanda ya yi zargin cewa wanda ake kara ya ci zarafinsa." Wannan doka ta kare ba kawai mata daga tashin hankali a cikin dangantakar miji da mata ba, amma matan da ke zaune a gida ɗaya tare da mutanen da suke cikin dangantaka ta gida da su. Wannan yana kare mata daga tashin hankali a cikin dangantakarsu ta hanyar aure (misali: matar miji, surukarta tare da surukai / suruka / da dai sauransu), dangantaka ta jini (misali: uba da diya, 'yar'uwa), dangantaka ta hanyar reno (misali: uban da aka yi riko), har ma da dangantaka a cikin yanayin aure (misali: zaman aure, aure mara kyau). An dauki wannan dokar a matsayin doka ta farko don ba da izinin doka da kariya ga alaƙar da ke wajen aure.

An bayyana tashin hankalin cikin gida da sashe na 3 na dokar a matsayin "duk wani aiki, tsallakewa ko aiki ko kuma halin wanda ake kara zai zama tashin hankali a cikin gida idan ya kasance:

Iyakar

Da farko ana nufin ba da kariya ga uwargida ko macen da ke zaune a gida daga tashin hankalin gida a hannun miji ko na miji ko kuma danginsa, dokar kuma ta ba da kariya ga matan da ke zaune a gida kamar ’yan’uwa mata, zawarawa ko uwaye. Rikicin cikin gida a ƙarƙashin dokar ya haɗa da ainihin cin zarafi, na zahiri, jima'i, magana, tunani ko tattalin arziki, ko barazanar zagi. Wannan ma'anar kuma ya haɗa da cin zarafi ta hanyar neman auren haram ga mace ko danginta. Kwanan nan wata kotu a Mumbai ta lura cewa tashin hankalin cikin gida bai iyakance ga raunin jiki ko cin zarafi kawai ba, amma ya haɗa da jima'i, magana, tunani da cin zarafi na tattalin arziki Kara karantawa

Gidajen mafaka

Dokar ta amince da haƙƙin wanda aka yi masa na zama a cikin gida ɗaya; duk da haka, Dokar ta kuma kafa yancin zama a gidan matsuguni a matsayin wani nau'i na taimako. Jami'in Kariya ko mai bada sabis na iya buƙatar wannan matsuguni a madadin wanda aka yi wa rashin lafiya. Ma'aikatar Mata da Ci gaban Yara a kowace Jiha ko Ƙungiyar Ƙungiya ana buƙatar ta gane da kuma sanar da gidajen matsuguni da ke akwai ga mutanen da ke fama da rikici.

wuraren kiwon lafiya

Dole ne wuraren kiwon lafiya su ba da agajin jinya kyauta, koda kuwa matar da ta yi baƙin ciki ta nemi taimako ba tare da wata shawara ta farko ba ko daga Jami'in Kariya ko mai bada sabis. Abubuwan da ke cikin wuraren kiwon lafiya suna da zaman kansu daga, kuma za a cika su ba tare da la'akari da cikar, na Jami'in Kariya da mai bada sabis ba.

Aiwatarwa

A cewar Shalu Nigam, akwai gibi da dama wajen aiwatar da dokokin da aka tsara don kare mata daga cin zarafi a cikin gida, ciki har da dokar kare hakkin mata ta 2005. Rashin sanin doka, sabili da haka samun dama da sanin ayyuka, nau'ikan taimako, da haƙƙin doka, yana hana aiwatar da doka yadda ya kamata. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan batutuwan aiwatarwa sun shafi wasu gundumomi, irin su Odisha, suna ba da waɗannan sababbin ka'idoji ga jami'an da ke yanzu maimakon yin amfani da sababbin Jami'an Tsaro. Wannan gibin aiwatarwa yana haifar da rashin cika ayyukan da suka shafi Dokar yayin da nauyin PO ya kasance na biyu a kan ayyukan jami'an da suka gabata. Wani abin da ke hana aiwatar da dokar shi ne rashin samun taimako mai ma'ana cikin gaggawa ga waɗanda suka tsira daga tashin hankalin cikin gida, kamar "maganin da za a iya amfani da su ta fuskar taimakon jinya, gidajen ɗan gajeren lokaci, wuraren kwana, wuraren ƙorafi, tallafin tunani, gidajen matsuguni ko taimakon tattalin arziki ko kayan aiki", a cewar Shalu Nigam. A mafi yawan gundumomi, gidajen matsuguni su ne kawai nau'in taimako na gaggawa; wadanda suka tsira daga tashin hankalin gida sukan bukaci "maganin likita, shawarwarin rauni, tufafi da shirye-shiryen tsabar kudi, wadanda ba a samar da su a cikin gidajen matsuguni."

Suka

Kwamitin gyare-gyare na tsarin shari'a na kasar Indiya ya rubuta wani rahoto kan laifukan da ake yi wa mata, inda kwamitin ya nemi fadada ma'anar "matarsa" har da matan da suka zauna da namiji a matsayin matarsa na dogon lokaci "a lokacin da ake ci gaba da rayuwa na auren farko". Wannan ƙayyadaddun ya haɗa wannan faɗaɗa ma'anar "mata" yana nufin dangantaka tsakanin mace da wanda ya riga ya yi aure, maimakon dangantakar da ba ta aure ba. Lokacin da Maharashtra ya yi ƙoƙari ya bi shawarwarin da ke cikin rahoton kwamitin, an kawo matsayin shari'a na rashin aure, dangantaka ta rayuwa a cikin tattaunawar jama'a.

Kariyar da mata ke yi a cikin mu’amalar da ba ta aure ba a cikin dokar da aka yi amfani da su a kan zamantakewar aure an yi la’akari da shi a matsayin ƙoƙari na halalta auren sakandare ko kuma zaman rayuwar da ba na aure ba. Shawarwari na kwamitin sun kasance a gaskiya a cikin shari'ar shari'a, Chanmuniya vs Virendra Kumar Singh Kushwaha da kuma Wani (2010), don tallafawa fassarar ma'anar "mata" don haɗawa da dangantaka inda aure yake "zamanta" saboda dogon lokaci na zama tare.

Ɗaya daga cikin sukar ta ta'allaka ne kan rashin ƙarfin doka wajen mayar da martani ga aikata laifuka na tashin hankalin gida. Kamar yadda doka ke aiki mafi girma a matsayin dokar farar hula, ana buƙatar ƙarin laifi (kamar keta Dokar Kariya da aka bayar a ƙarƙashin wannan doka) kafin ta haifar da takunkumin shari'a akan wanda ake ƙara, kamar kamawa da ɗauri. Duk da haka, ƙungiyoyin da ke da hannu wajen tsara dokar sun yi imanin cewa hakan zai ba da sauƙi da sauƙi ga wanda aka azabtar.

Ƙungiyoyin maza irin su Save Indian Family Foundation sun yi adawa da dokar, suna masu jayayya cewa mata za su yi amfani da ita ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba yayin rigima.

Renuka Chowdhury, Ministar Mata da Ci gaban Yara ta Indiya, ta yarda a cikin labarin Hindustan Times cewa "Dokar jinsi daidai gwargwado zai dace. Amma akwai kawai shaidun jiki da yawa don tabbatar da cewa galibi mace ce ke shan wahala a hannun namiji".

Shi ma tsohon babban mai shigar da kara na Indiya Soli Sorabjee ya soki faffadan ma'anar cin zarafi a cikin dokar. Masanin kiwon lafiya na duniya & Daraktan Edward & Cynthia Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a, Dokta Edmond Fernandes ya yi magana game da yadda mata masu ilimi ke amfani da wannan a matsayin kayan aiki na doka don cin zarafin maza.

A cewar Shugabar Indiya na lokacin, Pratibha Devisingh Patil, "Wani yanayi mai ban tsoro shi ne cewa mata da kansu ba su da laifi ga cin zarafin mata. Wasu bincike sun kammala cewa kashi 90 cikin 100 na korafin sadaki karya ne kuma an yi rajista da farko don warware maki. Abin takaici ne idan dokokin da ake nufi don kare mata suna cin zarafi a matsayin kayan aiki na zalunci, don haka tabbatar da doka da kuma aiwatar da su."