Karuwanci a Madagaska
 Karuwanci a Madagaska | |
|---|---|
prostitution by region (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Bangare na | Karuwanci a Afirka |
| Ƙasa | Madagaskar |
Karuwanci a Madagascar doka ce, [1] kuma sananne ne, musamman a wuraren yawon bude ido. [2] Ayyuka masu alaƙa kamar neman, sayarwa, rayuwa daga kuɗin karuwanci ko kiyaye gidan karuwai an haramta su.[1] Ana kuma amfani da dokokin jama'a a kan karuwanci.[1] Akwai dokoki na baya-sayen nan game da "haɗin kai da karuwai mata". [3][4] Mutanen da aka kama suna biyan kuɗi don jima'i tare da yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 14 na iya fuskantar hukuncin aikata laifuka har zuwa shekaru 10 a kurkuku. Ana tilasta wannan sosai a kan masu yawon bude ido na kasashen waje.[3] Kazalika da wuraren yawon bude ido, karuwanci yana faruwa a kusa da garuruwan hakar ma'adinai na ciki kamar Ilakaka da Andilamena. [5][6] An kiyasta cewa akwai ma'aikatan jima'i 167,443 a kasar a shekarar 2014. [7]
Ma'aikatan jima'i sun ba da rahoton cewa tilasta bin doka ba ta dace ba ce kuma tana da cin zarafi. An kuma bayar da rahoton cin hanci da rashawa da 'yan sanda suka yi.[1]
Karuwanci ya fara zuwa tsibirin bayan mulkin mallaka na Faransa a ƙarshen 1800s.[8] A zamanin yau yana ƙaruwa saboda karuwar yawon bude ido da talauci da yawancin mutane ke fama da shi a cikin gundumar.[9]
Madagascar wuri ne na yawon shakatawa na jima'i, gami da yawon shakata na jima'in yara. Cinikin mutane da karuwancin yara matsaloli ne a kasar.[10]
Yawon shakatawa na jima'i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Madagascar ta zama sanannen wuri ga yawon shakatawa na jima'i na manya da yara, musamman ga maza na Faransa da Italiya. Manyan yankuna a cikin ƙasar don yawon shakatawa na jima'i sune Antananarivo (babban birni), Nosy Be, Île Sainte-Marie, Mahajanga, Diego-Suarez da Toamasina. [11][5]
Mu kasance
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin shekarun 1990s gwamnati ta ba da kwangilar kamun kifi ga Jafananci.[12] Jiragen ruwa sun tsaya a Nosy Be, tsibirin da ke arewacin tekun Madagascar. Karuwanci ya girma a kusa da wannan masana'antar kamun kifi, tare da karuwanci da ke ƙaura zuwa tsibirin daga ko'ina cikin ƙasar.[12] Lokacin da yawon bude ido zuwa Madagascar ya fara, Nosy Be ya zama sanannen wuri saboda kasuwancin jima'i da aka kafa.[12] Daga baya, an gina mafi yawan wuraren shakatawa na "dukkanin" a tsibirin. Wannan shi ne babban wuri ga Turawa, galibi Faransanci, wasu daga cikinsu sun zo kasar don yawon shakatawa na jima'i.[13][11] An kiyasta cewa kashi 70% na yawan mata na tsibirin suna aiki a karuwanci, rabin su bai kai shekara ba.[11]
Karuwanci na yara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Baya ga kasancewa makoma ga yawon shakatawa na jima'i na yara, maza na Madagascar suna amfani da karuwanci marasa shekaru. Binciken da UNICEF ta yi ya gano cewa kashi uku cikin hudu na mazajen Madagascar da ke amfani da karuwanci suna tafiya tare da 'yan mata marasa shekaru.[13]
Yawon shakatawa na jima'i na yara ya karu a kasar tun lokacin da Mozambique ta karfafa dokoki a wannan yanki.[11]
Iyalai da yawa suna ƙarfafa 'ya'yansu mata su yi hulɗa da fararen masu yawon bude ido saboda dalilai na kudi. A wasu lokuta ana ba wa yara masu shekaru goma sha biyu da goma sha uku darussan Faransanci da Italiyanci a shirye-shiryen aikinsu a matsayin karuwanci.[13] Wasu 'yan mata a yankunan karkara ana sayar da su a matsayin Ƙwaraƙwarai, daga iyayensu, ga baƙi ko masu mallakar shanu masu arziki na tsawon shekaru da yawa.[5]
Cin hanci da rashawa na 'yan sanda yana nufin cewa akwai karancin mataki a kan masu amfani da' yan mata.[13]
Ƙungiyoyin ba da agaji da yawa, kamar su Collective for the Rights of the Child and Family (CDEF) da UNICEF, suna aiki don inganta halin da ake ciki.
Lafiyar jima'i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kodayake Madagascar tana da ƙarancin cutar kanjamau ga ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu (0.2% a cikin 2016), [14] tana da mafi girman ƙimar kamuwa da cuta ta jima'i (STIs) a duniya.
Kungiyoyin ma'aikatan jima'i, irin su Fikambanaina Vehi Angeles Miavotena Toamasina (FIVEMITO) da Femmes Interessee au Development de Antalaha (FIDA) (wanda Bankin Duniya ke tallafawa), sun cimma yarjejeniya tare da kananan hukumomi don bayar da ma'aikatan lalata sama da shekaru 18 katunan shaida. Wadannan katunan shaida suna ba da damar samun kiwon lafiya kyauta.[15]
A cikin 2016, yaduwar cutar kanjamau tsakanin ma'aikatan jima'i ya kai kashi 5.5%.[16]
Cinikin jima'i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Madagascar ƙasa ce mai tushe da makoma ga mata da yara da ke fuskantar fataucin jima'i. Yara na Madagascar, galibi daga yankunan karkara da na bakin teku, da kuma daga iyalai matalauta a cikin birane, ana cinye su a fataucin yara. Yawancin fataucin yara yana faruwa ne tare da shiga da ƙarfafawa na dangin; duk da haka, masu yawon bude ido, otal-otal, direbobin taksi, cibiyoyin tausa, da manya na cikin karuwanci suma suna sauƙaƙa wannan laifi. Ana daukar wasu yara don aiki a Antananarivo a matsayin masu ba da abinci da masu shafawa kafin a yi amfani da su a fataucin yara. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa cin zarafin yara ya fi yawa a wuraren yawon bude ido da ke kewaye da wuraren hakar ma'adinai na al'ada da na al'adu.
Kungiyoyin ba da agaji a baya sun ba da rahoton cewa hadin gwiwar jami'an gwamnati wajen samun katunan shaida na kasa na karya yana sauƙaƙa fataucin yara a Madagascar. Rahotanni da suka gabata sun nuna cewa fataucin yara maza na jima'i ya zama ruwan dare. Ayyukan yara na cikin gida suna ci gaba da zama matsala kuma hukumomin daukar ma'aikata na al'ada suna daukar ma'aikatan gida na yara waɗanda maza na Madagascar ke amfani da su a matsayin wadanda ke fama da fataucin jima'i, yayin da yawancin masu yawon bude ido na jima'i na yara 'yan ƙasar Faransa ne da Italiya, kuma zuwa ƙarami, wasu Yammacin Turai 'Yan Comorians.
Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya Madagascar a matsayin ƙasar "Tier 2 Watch List".
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 "Sex Work Law - Countries". Sexuality, Poverty and Law (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "The Legal Status of Prostitution by Country". ChartsBin. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- 1 2 "Madagascar travel advice" (in Turanci). UK Government. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 14 March 2011. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "General Information for Madagascar". Findaport (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- 1 2 3 Ross, Aaron (31 January 2014). "Madagascar, where child prostitution is common, cheap and 'trivial'". Public Radio International. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "What happens after a mining rush? Photographs from Madagascar". Mongabay Environmental News. 31 July 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "Sex workers: Population size estimate - Number, 2016". www.aidsinfoonline.org. UNAIDS. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- ↑ Braddix, Charles (8 February 2016). "Paradise Lost: A beautiful island with dirty secrets". BR Now. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "Madagascar, where child prostitution is common, cheap and 'trivial'". Retrieved 10 January 2017.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedbbc - 1 2 3 4 "Sexual tourism Madagascar". Madagascar Real Estate. 11 March 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- 1 2 3 "Fighting a rising tide of sex tourism". IRIN (in Turanci). 26 November 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 "The Horror of Sex Tourism in Madagascar". HuffPost UK. 28 June 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "Madagascar 2016 Country factsheet". UNAIDS. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "Neglecting sexuality in sexual and reproductive health: A case of sex workers in Madagascar". Kumud Rana. 4 February 2015. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ↑ "HIV prevalence amongst sex workers". www.aidsinfoonline.org. UNAIDS. 2016. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.