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Kashe kansa na Wynn Bruce

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Kashe kansa na Wynn Bruce
self-immolation (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Fuskar Wynn Alan Bruce (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Kwanan wata 22 ga Afirilu, 2022
Wanda ya rutsa da su Wynn Alan Bruce (en) Fassara
Wuri
Map
 38°53′42″N 77°02′12″W / 38.895°N 77.0367°W / 38.895; -77.0367

A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 2022, mai fafutukar yanayi Wynn Alan Bruce ya ƙone kansa a filin Kotun Koli ta Amurka a Washington, DC. Mutuwar kashe kansa, wacce ta faru a Ranar Duniya, abokan Bruce da mahaifinsa sun nuna shi a matsayin zanga-zanga game da Rikicin yanayi.

Wynn Bruce

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  Wynn Alan Bruce ya kasance mai fafutukar yanayi daga Boulder, Colorado . Ya girma a Minnesota, inda ya shiga cikin tseren ƙetare ƙasa. A ƙarshen shekarun 1980, ya koma Florida don ya zauna tare da mahaifiyarsa, yana halartar Makarantar Sakandare ta Hernando inda ya kasance memba na kulob din kimiyya. Ya kammala makarantar sakandare a shekara ta 1989 kuma ya shirya shiga rundunar sojin saman Amurka, amma wani hatsari a cikin mota da daya daga cikin abokansa ya tuka ya kashe abokinsa kuma ya ji Bruce rauni sosai; ya sami rauni na kwakwalwa da kuma lalacewar daya daga cikin ƙafafunsa. [1] A cewar wasu abokan Bruce da maƙwabta, sau da yawa yana da wahalar yanke shawara sakamakon raunin kwakwalwarsa; biyu sun bayyana shi ga The Independent a matsayin "mai saurin".[2] Ya koma Boulder a shekara ta 2000, kuma ya zama mai sha'awar aikin jarida.[3]

Bruce ya zauna shi kaɗai a Boulder, a cikin wani gari wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na shirin Gidaje masu araha na birnin. Yana da cat.[2] Ya kasance Buddha, kuma yayin da yake zaune a Boulder ya yi Addinin Buddha na Shambhala. Ya kasance memba na Ikilisiyar Unitarian Universalist ta Boulder, wanda ya dauki bakuncin hidimar tunawa da shi. Ya kasance mai daukar hoto wanda ke gudanar da ɗakin daukar hoto, memba mai aiki na ƙungiyar rawa ta Boulder, kuma ya kammala karatu a Kwalejin Jama'a ta Front Range da Kwalejin Al'umma ta Denver.[4][5] Ya kuma kasance mai fafutukar yanayi.[6] A cewar mahaifinsa, Douglas Bruce, "damuwa game da muhalli da batutuwan yanayi" ya kasance "da gaske da kuma tsakiya" ga asalin Wynn Bruce; ya kasance sadaukarwar rayuwa wanda ya fara da tafiye-tafiye na yara zuwa gidan iyali a Lake Superior.[7]

Yunkurin da ya gabata na cin gashin kansa

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Mahaifin Bruce Douglas Bruce ya gaya wa The Washington Post cewa ɗansa ya yi ƙoƙari na ƙone kansa a shekarar 2017 a Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya, kuma masu kallo sun dakatar da shi. Douglas Bruce ya bayyana cewa an kwantar da ɗansa a asibiti a New York bayan abin da ya faru, cewa ya bi Bruce zuwa Boulder don neman goyon bayan tunani, kuma bai taɓa sanin dalilin da ya sa ɗansa ya yi ƙoƙari ya Kashe kansa ba.

Abubuwan da suka shafi yanayi

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Bruce ya ƙone kansa bayan rahotanni daban-daban marasa kyau game da yanayi. Wata kungiya mai aiki a cikin Kwamitin Intergovernmental kan Canjin Yanayi kwanan nan ta fitar da rahoton Canjin Yanayin Yanayi 2022: Ragewa na Canjin Yanayinta a matsayin wani ɓangare na Rahoton Bincike na shida na IPCC, yana mai bayyana cewa mataki don rage mafi girman tasirin canjin yanayi zai buƙaci faruwa "yanzu ko ba" kuma ya jagoranci António Guterres don sukar "wani yawan alkawuran da suka lalace" ta shugabannin duniya. Bala'o'in yanayi da suka shafi yanayi da sauran rikice-rikicen sun karu a lokacin; [8] Gidan Bruce na Colorado ya sami gobarar daji mafi muni a watan Disamba na 2021, da kuma gobarar daji uku mafi girma a shekarar 2020.[9]

A watan Fabrairun 2022, Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta ji muhawara ta baki don shari'ar West Virginia v. EPA; hukuncin kotun a kan shari'ar na iya iyakance ko soke ikon Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka don tsara hayakin carbon dioxide, kuma yawancin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a kotun sun nuna cewa suna iya yin hakan.[6] Kotun kuma tana da wasu shari'o'in muhalli masu zuwa a kan takardar.[10]

Wani labarin a cikin Colorado Newsline ya lura cewa lokacin da aka haifi Wynn Bruce, zafin jiki a duniya ya kasance 0.01 ° C sama da matsakaicin zafin jiki na duniya daga tsakiyar 1900s. Lokacin da ya mutu, zafin jiki ya kasance kusan 0.85 ° C sama da wannan matsakaicin kuma yana ci gaba da tashi.[9]

Asusun Facebook

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A cikin shekaru kafin ya ƙone kansa, Bruce ya nuna damuwa sosai game da Canjin yanayi a asusun Facebook, yana raba labaran labarai da suka shafi da kuma yabon masu gwagwarmaya ciki har da Greta Thunberg . Tun daga farkon watan Afrilu 2020, ya yi amfani da asusun don yin tir da rashin aikin jama'a don mayar da martani ga Rikicin yanayi.

A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 2020, Bruce ya sanya hanyar haɗi zuwa wani aji na edX wanda aka mayar da hankali kan kimiyyar canjin yanayi.[11] A watan Afrilu na 2021, Bruce ya yi sharhi "4-1-1" a kan sakon; a watan Oktoba na 2021, ya gyara sharhi, ya kara da wuta emoji. A ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 2022, ya sake gyara sharhi don ƙara kwanan wata "4/22/2022". Bugu da ƙari, a cikin Janairu 2022, Bruce ya sanya hoto na mai fafutukar yaki Thích Nhất Hạnh, wanda ya rubuta a 1965 game da cin gashin kansa na 'yan addinin Buddha cewa "ƙone kanka da wuta shine tabbatar da cewa abin da mutum ke faɗi yana da mahimmanci".[12] Bruce daga baya ya yi sharhi a kan sakon tare da wata magana da ya danganta ga Hanh: "Abin da ya fi muhimmanci, don mayar da martani ga canjin yanayi, shine a shirye ya ji sautin hawaye na duniya ta jikinmu. "

Kashewa da kansa

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Plaza of the U.S. Supreme Court Building, with the building in the background
An yi hadaya da kansa a filin Kotun Koli na Amurka

Da rana a ranar Laraba, 20 ga Afrilu, 2022, [13] Bruce ya tambayi maƙwabtansa biyu idan za su iya kai shi Tashar bas a Boulder. Ya gaya musu cewa ya yi niyyar tafiya zuwa Denver don saduwa da "ƙungiyar tunani"; bai iya tuki ba saboda raunin da ya samu daga hatsarin mota na 1989.[2] Wani makwabci ya sauke Bruce a tashar bas; yana sanye da gajeren wando da T-shirt kuma yana ɗauke da jakar baya.[13] Ba a san yadda ya isa Washington, DC ba.[2]

Da misalin karfe 6:30 na yamma a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 2022 (Ranar Duniya), Bruce ya kusanci filin Kotun Koli ta Amurka da ƙafa, [14] a shiru [2] ya zauna, kuma ya ƙone kansa. A cewar wani mai daukar hoto wanda ya kasance a wurin, Bruce ya zauna tsaye kuma bai yi ihu ko kuka ba yayin da yake cikin wuta na kimanin sakan 60, bayan haka 'yan sanda suka kashe wutar; bayan da wutar ta fita ne kawai ya nuna zafi. Jami'an 'yan sanda sun yi amfani da ƙwayoyin zirga-zirga don karɓar ruwa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin filin don kashe Bruce. Babu wani da ya ji rauni.[5] Minti kaɗan bayan cinye kansa, an kai shi asibiti ta hanyar helikofta na National Park Service. [15] Bruce ya mutu washegari sakamakon raunin da ya samu; yana da shekaru 50.

'Yan sanda na Kotun Koli, 'yan sanda na Amurka da kuma Sashen' yan sanda na Metropolitan sun rufe yankin da ke kewaye da filin ga jama'a, suna mai nuna bukatar ci gaba da bincike; [15] an rufe tituna biyu a takaice amma an sake buɗe su a rana mai zuwa. [16]

Motsi da bincike

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Duk da yake babu wata sanarwa ta kashe kansa ko takardar shaidar da aka samu bayan mutuwar Bruce, [14] abokansa sun Bayyanawa cewa yana nuna rashin amincewa da rashin aiki game da rikicin yanayi.[17] Wani masanin kimiyyar yanayi kuma firist na Zen mai suna Kritee Kanko wanda aboki ne na Bruce ya tabbatar a kan Twitter cewa mai yiwuwa yana shirin cinye kansa na tsawon lokaci, [12] akalla shekara guda, kuma "ba kashe kansa ba ne" amma "aiki ne mai zurfi na tausayi don jawo hankali ga rikicin yanayi".[8] Kanko daga baya ta bayyana cewa [12] ba ta da cikakken tabbaci game da dalilin da ya sa Bruce ya kashe kansa. Kanko da sauran shugabannin Cibiyar Gudun Hijira ta Rocky Mountain Ecodharma daga baya sun fitar da wata sanarwa da ke tabbatar da cewa babu wani malamin Buddha a Boulder da ke da masaniya game da tsare-tsaren Bruce, kuma suna cewa yayin da ba su taɓa "magana game da cin gashin kansu" kuma "ba sa cin gashin kai wani mataki ne na yanayi", sun fahimci dalilin da ya sa wani zai iya komawa ga cin gashin kansa "idan aka ba da mummunan yanayin duniya da kuma ya kara rikicin yanayi".[7] Masu gwagwarmayar Extinction Rebellion sun bayyana cewa Bruce "ya mutu don tayar da ƙararrawa game da yanayi da rikicin muhalli". Mahaifinsa Douglas Bruce ya kuma danganta kansa ga rikicin yanayi, yana cewa "wannan wani abu ne mara tsoro na tausayi game da damuwarsa game da muhalli". Abokinsa G. Michael Moore ya rubuta a cikin wani labarin ra'ayi na Daily Camera cewa ya yi imanin Bruce "kawai ya bi ma'anar gaskatawarsa ba tare da ya yi watsi da shi ba", yana yanke shawarar cewa darajar rayuwar mutum "ba za a iya watsi da ita ba idan aka kwatanta da lalacewar da muke kawowa cikin sauri da ba za a iya canzawa ba zuwa duniyarmu".[18]

Shawarwarin jama'a kawai da Bruce ya bayar cewa canjin yanayi ne ya motsa kansa a kansa shi ne sakonnin da ya wallafa a Facebook.[2] Ya zuwa ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 2022, Ma'aikatar 'yan sanda ta Metropolitan ta bude bincike mai gudana kuma ba ta riga ta tantance dalilin Bruce ba.[11] Jami'ai har yanzu suna aiki don tantance dalilin da ya sa ya zuwa ranar 26 ga Afrilu.[14] Wani labarin da MSNBC ta buga ya danganta cin gashin kai da baƙin ciki na yanayi; The Guardian ya kwatanta shi da irin wannan aikin da lauyan kare hakkin bil'adama David Buckel ya yi shekaru hudu da suka gabata. [19][8]

Duk da yake The Washington Post ta buga wani bayanin martaba na Bruce bayan mutuwarsa, wani labarin a cikin The New Republic ya bayyana cewa kashe kansa "ya sami karamin murya ko tattaunawar op-ed", yana bayanin cewa ɗaukar hoto na kashe kansa a Amurka "an sauƙaƙe shi da gangan". Don kauce wa abin da ya faru na kashe kansa, kungiyoyi ciki har da Reporting on Suicide sun buga jagororin da ke ba da shawara ga 'yan jarida su guji bayar da Rahoto game da kashe kansa kamar dalili, hanya, da wuri.

Bayan mutuwarsa, shafin Facebook na Bruce ya zama shafin yanar gizo don saƙonni daga masu gwagwarmayar yanayi da abokansa. Jaridar Independent ta ruwaito cewa masu fafutukar kare muhalli suna shirin yin tsaro a gare shi.[4]

Jaridar Washington Post ta ruwaito cewa yayin da "wasu mutane suka amsa da tausayi da ba'a, suna zaton a cikin sakonni a kan kafofin sada zumunta cewa duk wanda aka tura zuwa irin wannan matsanancin dole ne ya yi gwagwarmaya da lafiyar hankalinsu", wasu sun bayyana cewa "sun fahimci rashin jin dadinsa game da makomar duniya". Amurka A Yau ta ruwaito cewa mutuwar Bruce ta haifar da muhawara a kan kafofin sada zumunta, tare da ra'ayoyin da suka rabu tsakanin " tausayi ga aikin sadaukarwa" da kuma jayayya cewa irin wannan tausayi shine ɗaukaka kashe kansa.[13]

Daga sanannun mutane

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Masanin kimiyyar yanayi Peter Kalmus, wanda aka kama a farkon watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2022 saboda kulle kansa a ƙofofin ginin JPMorgan Chase a Los Angeles a matsayin zanga-zanga game da saka hannun jari na bankin a cikin ayyukan man fetur, ya wallafa a shafin Twitter "Sau da Wynn a cikin iko", yana ƙara cewa "dole ne mu yi yaƙi tare da hadin kai ga kowane ɓangaren digiri. [17] Ba ya makara ba.

A cikin New York Times, marubucin Jay Caspian Kang ya yi jayayya cewa "ya kamata mu tsayayya da sha'awar" don watsar da sadaukar da kai a matsayin "aikin karshe na marasa lafiya da marasa galihu". Ya bayyana cewa "Wynn Bruce ya ƙone kansa a kan wuta a ranar Duniya ta 2022 saboda ya yi imanin cewa zai iya karfafa mutane suyi aiki game da canjin yanayi. Babu wani ma'ana ko žasa da muke buƙatar cirewa daga gare ta. " [1] A cikin wata wasika ga editan da The New York Times ta buga, Margaret Klein Salamon ta rubuta cewa "aiki na hadin gwiwa shine maganin da ya dace da fidda rai", tana jayayya cewa "za mu iya samun ma'anar manufa da al'umma a fuskar rikicin yanayin" maimakon komawa ga ayyukan kamar cin zarafin kai.

Terry Kaelber, wanda ya auri David Buckel har zuwa mutuwar ta hanyar hadaya a cikin 2018, ya ce mutuwar Bruce ta tunatar da shi "abin da David ya yi da kuma ciwo mai ban mamaki wannan irin aikin da ke haifar da mutanen da ke son su". Ya yi jayayya game da kashe kansa a matsayin dabarar zanga-zanga, yana mai cewa akwai "hanya mafi kyau".[19]

Abubuwan tunawa

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An gudanar da wani abin tunawa da Bruce a gaban Ginin Kotun Koli a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2022. Fiye da mutane 50 ne suka halarci, suna tafiya a hankali kuma daga baya suna zaune da yin tunani; an yi amfani da kararrawa da turare. Wasu daga cikin masu makoki suna ɗauke da furanni yayin da wasu ke riƙe da alamun katako tare da hotuna na Bruce. Masu shirya siyasa sun kasance kuma sun bukaci mutane da su nemi a dauki mataki game da rikicin yanayi a kan sikelin al'umma.

A watan Mayu, an gudanar da bikin tunawa da Bruce a garinsu na Boulder da Minnesota, inda mahaifinsa ke zaune.[19]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Garrison, Robert (April 23, 2022). "Colorado man dies after setting himself on fire in front of Supreme Court building". KMGH-TV (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Flynn, Sheila (2022-04-28). "Wynn Bruce set himself on fire. Was his death really a protest about climate?". The Independent (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-29. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":12" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :8
  4. 1 2 Hurley, Bevan (April 25, 2022). "Climate activist dies after setting himself on fire outside US Supreme Court". The Independent (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "“Independent”" defined multiple times with different content
  5. 1 2 Sánchez, Julio (April 24, 2022). "Wynn Bruce, activista climático, se prendió fuego en protesta, pero murió" [Wynn Bruce, climate activist, set himself on fire in protest, but died]. El Sol de Puebla (in Sifaniyanci). Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":4" defined multiple times with different content
  6. 1 2 Kilander, Gustaf (2022-04-25). "What we know about the tragic Supreme Court death of climate activist Wynn Alan Bruce". The Independent (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-25. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":5" defined multiple times with different content
  7. 1 2 Brasch, Sam (April 25, 2022). "A Boulder climate activist died after he set himself on fire. His friends remember his talent and compassion". Colorado Public Radio (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 26, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-26. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":10" defined multiple times with different content
  8. 1 2 3 Jones, Ja'han (April 25, 2022). "How an activist's self-immolation exposed the dark reality of 'climate grief'". MSNBC (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 26, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-26. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":6" defined multiple times with different content
  9. 1 2 Young, Quentin (2022-04-28). "Take a moment to reflect on Wynn Bruce". Colorado Newsline (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-29. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":13" defined multiple times with different content
  10. ↑ Gabbatt, Adam (2022-04-25). "US climate activist dies after setting himself on fire outside supreme court". The Guardian (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-25.
  11. 1 2 MacErlean, Fergal (April 24, 2022). "Wynn Alan Bruce, climate activist who self-immolated on Earth Day". EuroWeekly News (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 24, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  12. 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0
  13. 1 2 3 Kenning, Chris (April 30, 2022). "Man who died outside Supreme Court raises complicated questions, calls attention to 'climate grief'". USA TODAY (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-30. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":14" defined multiple times with different content
  14. 1 2 3 Bharath, Deepa; Slevin, Colleen (2022-04-26). "Activist's self-immolation stirs questions on faith, protest". Associated Press (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 27, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-27. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":11" defined multiple times with different content
  15. 1 2 Richards, Zoë (April 22, 2022). "Man dies after setting himself on fire in front of Supreme Court building". NBC News (in Turanci). Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content
  16. ↑ "Man dies after attempting to set himself on fire at Supreme Court". Fox 5 DC (in Turanci). April 22, 2022. Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  17. 1 2 Ramirez, Rachel (April 25, 2022). "A man who died after self-immolating in front of Supreme Court was a climate activist". CNN. Archived from the original on April 26, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-26. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":7" defined multiple times with different content
  18. ↑ Moore, G. Michael (2022-04-29). "Guest opinion: G. Michael Moore: Remembering Wynn Bruce: friend and climate warrior". Daily Camera (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-29.
  19. 1 2 3 Milman, Oliver (2022-05-19). "Suicides indicate wave of 'doomerism' over escalating climate crisis". The Guardian (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-09-22. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":15" defined multiple times with different content
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