Jump to content

Kashewa da girmamawa

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Kashewa da girmamawa
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na kisan kai da honor violence (en) Fassara
Has immediate cause (en) Fassara family honor (en) Fassara
Rukunin da yake danganta Category:Honor killing victims (en) Fassara

kisan girmamawa (Turanci na Amurka), kisan girmamawa, ko Kisan kunya [1] wani nau'in kisan kai ne wanda aka ba da izini ga al'ada wanda aka kashe mutum, yawanci ta danginsu, saboda imanin cewa wanda aka azabtar ya kawo kunya ga iyali kuma dole ne a dawo da sunan iyali ta hanyar irin wannan kisan girmama. Yawanci wani nau'i ne na Kisan mata, ya samo asali ne daga imani da al'adu ya amince da shi cewa kisan kai ko kisan mata ya zama dole a matsayin fansa ga abin kunya da aka yi wa iyali. [2] [3][4]

Kodayake waɗannan kisan kai an hukunta su ta hanyar tarurruka na kasa da kasa, gami da takardun doka kamar Yarjejeniyar Istanbul, da kuma kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam, al'ummomin al'adu da na addini daban-daban suna ci gaba da tabbatar da ƙarfafa kisan girmamawa. A lokuta inda wanda aka azabtar baƙo ne, ba kashe wannan mutumin ba zai, a wasu yankuna, ya sa a zargi 'yan uwa da tsoro ko "rashin mutunci na ɗabi'a", kuma daga baya a zarge su da al'ummarsu. A lokuta lokacin da wanda aka azabtar memba ne na iyali, kisan ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayin masu kisan kai cewa wanda aka azabta ya kawo kunya ko rashin mutunci ga dukan iyali, wanda zai iya haifar da kin amincewar jama'a, ko ta hanyar keta ka'idojin ɗabi'a na al'umma. Dalilan da suka shafi kisan kai sun hada da kasancewa cikin dangantaka ko kasancewa da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa a waje da iyali wanda zai iya haifar da warewar iyali (abin kunya-da-haɗin kai). Misalan suna da jima'i kafin aure, ba tare da aure ba ko bayan aure (idan akwai kisan aure ko gwauruwa), ƙin shiga cikin auren da aka shirya ko tilasta, neman saki ko rabuwa da aure, shiga cikin addinai, dangantaka tsakanin launin fata ko ma abota, yin jima'i da wani daga wani nau'i daban, nakasa, kasancewa wanda aka azabtar da laifin jima'i, yin ado da tufafi, kayan haɗi waɗanda ke da alaƙa da karkatar jima'i duk da cikaswar ɗabi'i [5] ko haramtacciyar aure [6] [7][8]

Kodayake maza da mata suna aikata kuma suna fama da kisan gilla, a cikin al'ummomi da yawa bin ka'idojin ɗabi'a yana nuna halaye daban-daban ga maza da mata, gami da ka'idoji masu tsauri ga tsabtar mata. A cikin iyalai da yawa, maza suna amfani da dalilin girmamawa a matsayin hujja don ƙuntata haƙƙin mata. Ana yin kisan kai na girmamawa a cikin al'ummomi tare da niyyar azabtar da keta ka'idojin zamantakewa, jima'i, addini ko iyali ko matsayi. A lokuta da yawa, 'yan uwa ne ke aikata kisan gilla a kan wata dangi da ake ganin ta kunyata iyalinta.[9]

Kashe-kashen girmamawa suna da alaƙa da Gabas ta Tsakiya, Maghreb da Yankin Indiya, amma kuma suna da tushe a wasu al'ummomi, kamar Philippines, Arewacin Caucasus, Latin Amurka, Gabashin Afirka, da kuma tarihi a Turai ta Bahar Rum.[10][11][12] Har ila yau, suna da yawa a wasu ƙasashen da suka dace a ƙasashe waɗanda ba su da ka'idojin zamantakewa waɗanda ke ƙarfafa kashe-kashen girmamawa.[13][14][10][11] Sau da yawa ana danganta kisan girmamawa da yankunan karkara da na kabilanci, amma suna faruwa a cikin birane.[15]

Human Rights Watch ya bayyana "kisan girmamawa" kamar haka:

Laifukan girmamawa ayyukan tashin hankali ne, yawanci kisan kai, wanda maza suka aikata a kan mata wadanda ake ganin sun kawo rashin mutunci ga iyali. Wata mace na iya zama manufa ga iyalinta saboda dalilai daban-daban ciki har da, ƙin shiga cikin auren da aka shirya, kasancewa wanda aka yi wa fyade, neman saki - har ma daga miji mai cin zarafi - ko yin zina. Ra'ayi kawai cewa mace ta yi aiki a hanyar da za ta kawo "rashin mutunci" ga iyali ya isa ya haifar da hari.[16]

Maza kuma na iya zama wadanda ke fama da kisan gilla, ko dai 'yan uwa na wata mace da ake ganin suna da dangantaka mara kyau; ko kuma 'yan iyalansu, wanda sau da yawa yana da alaƙa da luwadi ko ganewar asali.[17]

Halaye na gaba ɗaya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yawancin kisan gilla na girmamawa ana shirya su ne ta hanyar mambobi da yawa na iyali, wani lokacin ta hanyar "kwamitin iyali". Ana amfani da barazanar kisan kai a matsayin hanyar sarrafa halayyar, musamman game da jima'i da aure, wanda za'a iya gani a matsayin aikin wasu ko duk dangin su ci gaba. 'Yan uwa na iya jin tilas ne su yi aiki don adana sunan iyali a cikin al'umma kuma su guji kunya ko gujewa, musamman a cikin al-ummomin da ke da alaƙa.[18] Masu aikata laifin sau da yawa ba sa fuskantar mummunan zargi a cikin al'ummominsu, saboda ana ganin halayensu sun dace.[19]

  1. Annan, Kofi (5 June 2000). "Secretary-General. In Address to "Women 2000" Special Session, Says Future of Planet Depends Upon Women". United Nations. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
  2. "Definition of HONOR KILLING". www.merriam-webster.com.
  3. "Honour killing".
  4. "Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words". Dictionary.com.
  5. "Ethics: Honour Crimes". BBC. 1 January 1970. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  6. "Honor killing: Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". merriam-webster.com. 31 August 2012. Archived from the original on 22 December 2013. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  7. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. "Torus - Honour Based Abuse – Day of Memory 2024".
  9. "BBC - Ethics - Honour crimes".
  10. 10.0 10.1 "BBC - Ethics - Honour crimes".
  11. 11.0 11.1 "Honour Killings by Region". Archived from the original on 8 December 2013.
  12. "What is honour-based abuse and how does it affect men?". Respect.
  13. "'Honour-based' offences soared by 81% in last five years". the Guardian (in Turanci). 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2022-04-11.
  14. Grzyb, Magdalena A. (2016). "An explanation of honour-related killings of women in Europe through Bourdieu's concept of symbolic violence and masculine domination". Current Sociology. 64 (7): 1036–1053. doi:10.1177/0011392115627479. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  15. "'Honour killings increasing in urban areas'". 22 December 2016. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  16. "Violence Against Women and "Honor" Crimes". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 28 October 2004. Retrieved 6 April 2001.
  17. "Honour Based Abuse and Violence". Derby and Derbyshire Safeguarding Children Partnership. Archived from the original on 2024-07-19. Retrieved 2024-08-13.
  18. "FAQ". Hbv-awareness.com. Archived from the original on 15 August 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  19. "Introduction – Preliminary Examination of so-called Honour Killings in Canada". Justice.gc.ca. 24 September 2013. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.