Kasuwanci na fasaha
 Kasuwanci na fasaha | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Fuskar |
technological change (en)  |
Technocapitalism yana nufin tsarin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa na zamani wanda ke da rinjaye na babban birnin da ke da fasaha, inda kirkire-kirkire na fasaha ya zama babban bangare na Ci gaban tattalin arziki da tara dukiya. Wannan kalmar ta ƙunshi hulɗa tsakanin fasaha da jari-hujja, yana nuna yadda ci gaba a cikin fasaha ke tasiri ga tsarin tattalin arziki, kasuwanni na aiki, da alaƙar zamantakewa. Wani muhimmin bangare na fasaha shine hauhawar tattalin arzikin da ba a gani ba, wanda aka nuna shi da karuwar muhimmancin kadarorin da ba na jiki ba kamar dukiyar ilimi, darajar alama, da sabis na dijital. Wannan canjin ya haifar da sababbin nau'o'in tsakiya na tattalin arziki, inda wasu manyan masana'antun fasaha suka mamaye kasuwanni saboda ikon su na hawa da sauri da kuma amfani da haɗin kai a fadin bangarori daban-daban.[1][2][3]
Ikon kamfanoni da tsari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Luis Suarez-Villa, a cikin littafinsa na 2009 Technocapitalism: A Critical Perspective on Technological Innovation and Corporatism yayi jayayya cewa sabon fasalin jari-hujja ne wanda ke samar da sababbin nau'ikan ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni waɗanda aka tsara don amfani da abubuwan da ba a gani kamar kerawa da sabon ilimi. Sabbin kungiyoyi, waɗanda yake magana a kai a matsayin Kungiyoyin gwaji suna da zurfi a cikin binciken fasaha, sabanin masana'antu da samar da ayyuka. Har ila yau, sun dogara sosai da cinikin kamfanoni na sakamakon bincike a matsayin dukiyar ilimi.
Suarez-Villa ya ci gaba da haɓaka wannan hanyar a cikin littafinsa na 2012 Globalization and Technocapitalism: The Political Economy of Corporate Power and Technological Domination, wanda ya danganta fitowar technocapitalism zuwa duniya da kuma karuwar ikon kamfanoni technocapitalist. [1] Da yake la'akari da sabon dangantakar iko da kamfanonin da ke kula da fasaha suka gabatar, yana la'akari le sababbin nau'ikan tarawa da suka shafi abubuwan da ba a gani ba - kamar kerawa da sabon ilmi - tare da dukiyar ilimi da kayan aikin fasaha. Wannan hangen nesa game da duniya - da kuma tasirin fasaha da kamfanoninsa - kuma yana la'akari da karuwar muhimmancin duniya na abubuwan da ba a gani ba, rashin daidaito da aka kirkira tsakanin kasashe a kan gaba na fasaha da wadanda ba su da, karuwar muhimman kwakwalwa ke gudana tsakanin kasashe, da kuma hauhawar abin da yake magana a kai a matsayin fasaha-soja-ƙungiya wanda ke maye gurbin tsohuwar soja-masana ta biyu na karni na 20.
Tunanin da ke bayan fasaha na jari-hujja wani bangare ne na layin tunani wanda ke danganta kimiyya da fasaha da juyin halitta na jari-haye. A cikin wannan ra'ayin juyin halitta na jari-hujja shine cewa kimiyya da fasaha ba su rabu da al'umma ba - ko kuma cewa suna cikin wani wuri, ko kuma a cikin gaskiyar kansu - ba tare da isa ga aikin zamantakewa da yanke shawara na ɗan adam ba. Kimiyya da fasaha wani bangare ne na al'umma, kuma suna ƙarƙashin fifiko na jari-hujja kamar yadda duk wani aikin ɗan adam yake, idan ba haka ba. Shahararrun masana kimiyya a farkon karni na 20, kamar John Bernal, sun nuna cewa kimiyya tana da aikin zamantakewa, kuma ba za a iya ganin ta a matsayin wani abu banda da al'umma ba. Sauran masana kimiyya a wannan lokacin, kamar John Haldane, sun danganta kimiyya da falsafar zamantakewa, kuma sun nuna yadda mahimman hanyoyin nazarin zamantakewa suka dace da kimiyya, da kuma fahimtarmu game da bukatar kimiyya. A zamaninmu, wannan layin tunani ya ƙarfafa masana falsafa kamar Andrew Feenberg su karɓi kuma su yi amfani da mahimman ka'idoji ga fasaha da kimiyya, suna ba da mahimman bayanai game da yadda yanke shawara na kimiyya da fasaha - da kuma sakamakon su - ke tsarawa ta hanyar al'umma, da kuma jari-hujja da cibiyoyinta.
Wani marubuci ya yi amfani da kalmar technocapitalism don nuna fannoni da ra'ayoyin da suka bambanta da waɗanda aka bayyana a sama. Dinesh D'Souza, yana rubutu game da Silicon Valley a cikin wata kasida, ya yi amfani da kalmar don bayyana yanayin kamfanoni da alaƙar babban birnin Kasuwanci a cikin tattalin arzikin yankin da ke da fasahar fasaha. Hanyar da ya yi game da batun ta dace da na mujallu na kasuwanci da wallafe-wallafen gudanar da kamfanoni. Wasu labaran jaridu sun kuma yi amfani da kalmar a wasu lokuta kuma a cikin ma'anar gaba ɗaya, don nuna muhimmancin fasahar ci gaba a cikin tattalin arziki.
Hanyoyin jari-hujja na fasaha
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kasuwancin fasaha na iya ɗaukar siffofi da yawa kamar su IP tushen kudi inda takardun shaida da rajistar IP na sabuwar fasaha kayan aiki ne don gina jari-hujja, [4] bashi tushen daidaito inda ake amfani da sabuwar fasaha a matsayin sha'awar tsaro don tabbatar da kudade ko haya, da ICOs kamar Blockchain capital.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Suarez-Villa, Luis (2001). "The Rise of Technocapitalism". Science & Technology Studies. 14 (2): 4–20. doi:10.23987/sts.55133.
- ↑ Suarez-Villa, Luis (2003). "The E-economy and the Rise of Technocapitalism: Networks, Firms, and Transportation". Growth and Change. 34 (4): 390–414. Bibcode:2003GroCh..34..390S. doi:10.1046/j.0017-4815.2003.00227.x.
- ↑ Stubbs, Alec (2020). "Technocapitalism, the Intangible Economy, and Economic Centralization". Perspectives on Global Development and Technology. 19 (1–2): 32–44. doi:10.1163/15691497-12341538.
- ↑ Suarez-Villa, Luis (2001). "The Rise of Technocapitalism". Science & Technology Studies. 14 (2): 4–20. doi:10.23987/sts.55133.