Kasuwancin Makamashi da Ruwa na Duniya
 Kasuwancin Makamashi da Ruwa na Duniya | |
|---|---|
science project (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Bangare na | Shirin Binciken Yanayi na Duniya |
| Farawa | 1990 |
| Sunan hukuma | Global Energy and Water Exchanges da Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment |
| Gajeren suna | GEWEX |
| Shafin yanar gizo | gewex.org |
The Global Energy and Water Exchange Project (abbreviated GEWEX, tsohon ana kiransa Global Energy and Ruwa Cycle Experiment daga 1990 zuwa 2012 [1]) wani aikin bincike ne na kasa da kasa kuma babban aikin Shirin Binciken Yanayi na Duniya (WCRP).
A farkon, aikin ya yi niyyar lura, fahimta da kuma tsara tsarin ruwa na Duniya. Gwajin ya kuma lura da yawan makamashi da Duniya ke karɓa, kuma yana nazarin yawan wannan makamashi ya kai saman Duniya da kuma yadda wannan makamashe ke canzawa. Hasken rana yana fitar da ruwa don samar da girgije da ruwan sama kuma yana bushe ƙasa bayan ruwan sama. Ruwan sama da ke faɗuwa a ƙasa ya zama kasafin kuɗin ruwa wanda mutane za su iya amfani da shi don noma da sauran matakai.
GEWEX hadin gwiwar masu bincike ne a duk duniya don neman hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa don nazarin sake zagayowar ruwa da kuma yadda yake canza makamashi ta hanyar yanayi. Idan yanayin duniya ya kasance iri ɗaya daga shekara zuwa shekara, to mutane za su iya hango lokacin, inda da kuma abin da amfanin gona za su shuka. Koyaya, rashin kwanciyar hankali da aka haifar ta hanyar bambancin hasken rana, yanayin yanayi, da abubuwan da suka faru na rikici suna haifar da yanayin da ba a iya hangowa ba a kan ma'auni na yanayi. Ta hanyar yanayin yanayi kamar fari da ruwan sama mafi girma waɗannan sake zagayowar suna tasiri ga yanayin halittu da ayyukan ɗan adam. An tsara GEWEX don tattara bayanai da yawa, kuma ganin idan mafi kyawun samfuran wannan bayanan na iya hasashen yanayi da canjin yanayi a nan gaba.
Tsarin aikin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An tsara GEWEX cikin tsari da yawa. Kamar yadda aka tsara ayyukan GEWEX an shirya su ne ta hanyar ƙungiyoyi masu halarta, wannan aikin yanzu ana yin shi ne ta Ofishin Ayyukan GEWEX na Duniya (IGPO). IGPO tana kula da manyan shirye-shirye da daidaitawa tsakanin ayyukan ƙasa a kokarin kawo sadarwa tsakanin masu bincike. IGPO ta yi iƙirarin tallafawa musayar sadarwa tsakanin masanin kimiyya 2000 kuma kayan aiki ne don buga manyan rahotanni.
Kungiyar Gudanar da Kimiyya ta shirya ayyukan kuma ta sanya su ga bangarori, waɗanda ke kula da ci gaba da samar da sukar. Shirin Kula da Makamashi da Ruwa (CEOP) da 'Hydrology Project' babban kayan aiki ne a cikin GEWEX . [2] Wannan kwamitin ya haɗa da wuraren nazarin ƙasa kamar Shirin Tsinkaya na Yanayi don Amurka wanda NOAA ke sarrafawa, amma kuma yana nazarin nau'ikan yankuna masu yawa na yanayi (misali tsawo da tsaka-tsaki). [2] Wani bangare, GEWEX Radiation Panel yana kula da daidaitaccen amfani da tauraron dan adam da lura da ƙasa don inganta kimanta makamashi da ruwa. Wani sakamako na baya-bayan nan na GEWEX's Radiation panel ya tantance bayanai game da ruwan sama na shekaru 25 da suka gabata kuma ya tabbatar da cewa ruwan sama na duniya shine 2.61 mm / rana tare da karamin bambancin kididdiga. Duk da yake lokacin binciken ba shi da tsawo, bayan shekaru 25 na auna yanayin yanki ya fara bayyana. Kwamitin GEWEX Modeling and Prediction Panel yana ɗaukar samfuran yanzu kuma yana nazarin samfuran lokacin da abubuwan da ke tilasta yanayi suka faru (ƙaddamar da zafi a duniya a matsayin misali na 'tilasta yanayi'". GEWEX yanzu shine babban aikin WCRP.
Manufofin da zane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tsinkaya canjin yanayi yana buƙatar ainihin bayanai waɗanda aka tattara a cikin shekaru da yawa, da kuma aikace-aikacen samfuran. An yi tunanin GEWEX don amsa buƙatar lura da kasafin kuɗin radiation na Duniya da girgije. Yawancin dabarun da suka riga sun kasance an iyakance su ne ga abubuwan lura da aka ɗauka daga ƙasa da wuraren da aka zauna.[3] Wannan ya yi watsi da yawan yanayin da ke faruwa a kan tekuna da yankunan da ba su da mazauna, tare da mahimman bayanai da suka ɓace daga waɗannan yankuna. Tun da tauraron dan adam da ke kewaye da Duniya sun rufe manyan yankuna a cikin ƙananan lokaci, za su iya kimanta yanayin da ba a yawan auna ba. Shirin Binciken Yanayi na Duniya (WCRP) ne ya fara GEWEX don amfani da tauraron dan adam na muhalli kamar TRMM, amma yanzu yana amfani da bayanai daga sabbin tauraron dan Adam da kuma tarin kayan aiki na ƙasa, kamar BSRN. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin ƙasa don tabbatar da bayanan da aka fassara daga tauraron dan adam. GEWEX tana nazarin canje-canje na dogon lokaci da na yanki a cikin yanayi tare da burin yin hasashen muhimman yanayin yanayi da canje-canjen yanayi da ke faruwa a cikin 'yan shekaru.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "GEWEX News Vol. 22, No. 3, August 2012" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
- 1 2 "Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations Project". Archived from the original on 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2008-06-22.
- ↑ Kandel R.S. (February 1990). "Satellite observation of the Earth Radiation Budget and clouds". Space Science Reviews. 52 (1–2): 1–32. Bibcode:1990SSRv...52....1K. doi:10.1007/BF00704238. S2CID 123579215.