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Katherine Ortega Courtney

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Katherine Ortega Courtney
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Katherine Ortega Courtney masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce kuma marubuciya wacce ta hada kai da ci gaba da tsarin al'umma na 100%, tsarin ka'idoji da aka tsara don jagorantar jihar da aikin gida na hana kalubalen kiwon lafiya da ilimi guda biyu: Abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin yaro (ACEs) da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi zamantakewar lafiya (SDH). A matsayinta na shugaban ofishin Binciken Kula da Kula da Yara na New Mexico, Bincike, da Ofishin Bayanai da kuma mai haɓaka shirin masanan bayanai don manajojin jin dadin yara a duk faɗin ƙasar, ta ga rashin iyawar jin daɗin yara na farko don aiwatar da dabarun sarrafa bayanai don hana cin zarafin ta hanyar tabbatar da iyalai suna da damar yin amfani da muhimman ayyukan kiwon lafiya, kiwon lafiya na hankali, shirye-shiryen tsaro na abinci, da gidaje masu aminci.

Tarihi a kan ACEs

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Tsarin al'umma na 100% yana kira ga dabarun jihohi da na gida waɗanda ke hawa don hana ACEs da raunin da ke da alaƙa da ACEs kafin su faru. ACEs iri ne goma na cin zarafi da sakaci da ke faruwa a gida, an fara gano su a cikin Nazarin ACEs a cikin 1998 ta Felitti, Anda da tawagar.[1] ACEs na iya haifar da rauni da rikice-rikice na amfani da kwayoyi da ke da alaƙa da ƙarancin nasarar makaranta, rashin shirye-shiryen aiki, tashin hankali na gida, sa hannu kan jin dadin yara, da sauran tasirin rayuwa.[2][3][4][5]

Har ila yau, akwai farashin tattalin arziki da ACEs ke fuskanta.[6] Nazarin ACEs ta yi kira ga sauye-sauye a cikin lafiyar jama'a da kuma samar da iyaye da ayyukan iyali da aka nuna don kara yawan aikin iyali da hana cin zarafi. Shawarwarin binciken bai haifar da manufofin tarayya, jihohi, ko na gida ba wanda zai tabbatar da muhimman ayyuka don hana ACEs. Maimakon haka, masu ba da kiwon lafiya da malamai sun kalli ACEs a matsayin matsala da za a iya magance ta bayan ACEs da raunin da ya shafi ACEs ya faru, ta hanyar aikin da ake kira aikin da aka sani da raunin rauni. Tsarin al'umma na 100% yana ba da masu ruwa da tsaki na cikin gida, gami da zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai, dabarun tabbatar da cewa duk iyalai suna da damar yin amfani da ayyukan da aka nuna don hana ACEs da kuma magance raunin da ya shafi ACEs, gami na kiwon lafiya.

Tarihi game da abubuwan da ke tattare da lafiyar jama'a

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Labarin "A Critical Assessment of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study at 20 Years" ya yi kira ga inganta dabarun rigakafin ACEs wanda aka jagoranta ta hanyar fahimtar abubuwan da ke haifar da lafiyar jama'a, [7] [8] wanda shine yanayin yara da ke girma kuma ya haɗa da ayyukan da ke ƙayyade lafiyar mutum, aminci, ilimi da ingancin rayuwa.[9]

Wadannan ayyuka sun hada da kula da lafiya, kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa, shirye-shiryen tsaro na abinci, gidaje masu araha, sufuri, tallafin iyaye, shirye-aikacen ilmantarwa na yara, makarantun al'umma masu cikakken wadata[10][11][12] tare da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, [13] [14] [15] shirye-shirye masu ba da shawara ga matasa, da horar da aiki.[16]

Binciken da aka mayar da hankali kan gina ingantaccen abubuwan zamantakewa na kiwon lafiya ya gano ba kawai muhimman ayyukan iyali ba amma manufofi na jihohi da na gida waɗanda ke ƙayyade lafiyar muhalli, adalci na zamantakewa, tallafin al'adu da bangaskiya, da ilimi daga pre-K ta hanyar ilimi mafi girma wanda ya dace da kasuwar aiki. Abubuwan da ke tattare da kiwon lafiya na zamantakewa wani ra'ayi ne wanda ya zama sananne a cikin al'ummomin kiwon lafiya a cikin shekarun 1970 duk da haka zargi shi ne cewa shugabannin kiwon lafiya ba su tsara tsari don canza abubuwan da ke tattara kiwon lafiya (rashin ayyuka da manufofi da ke kare lafiyar mazauna) zuwa abubuwan da suka dace na kiwon lafiya [17] Akwai matsala a cikin al-amuran manufofi, kamar yadda masu ba da SDH mai kyau zasu iya tallafawa a kan tarayya, jihohi, da matakan gida.[18] Manufar tsarin al'umma na 100% shine samar da manufofi da matakai don inganta muhimman ayyuka waɗanda ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke tattare da kiwon lafiya. Misali ya tsara tsarin manufofin jama'a wanda ke ba da taswirar hanya ga zaɓaɓɓun shugabannin don bin aiwatar da manufofi a kowane matakin gwamnati.

Gudanarwa

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Courtney a halin yanzu co-direkta ce ta Anna, Cibiyar Shekaru takwas a Jami'ar Jihar New Mexico, mai tallafawa shirin 100% na New Mexico. Ayyukanta na digiri a Jami'ar Kirista ta Texas sun kasance a cikin ilimin halayyar gwaji wanda aka mayar da hankali kan maganin shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da rigakafi. Har ila yau, ita ce marubuciya, tare da Dominic Cappello, na Anna, Age Eight: Rigakafin raunin yara da cin zarafin yara.

Ayyukan Courtney suna mai da hankali kan rigakafin ACEs da jagorancin SDH da jagorancin gida a cikin aikinsu na canza abubuwan da ke haifar da kiwon lafiya zuwa masu kyau, don haka rage yawan ACEs, rauni da ke da alaƙa da ACEs, ƙananan nasarorin makaranta, rikice-rikice na amfani da kwayoyi, da sauran ƙalubalen kiwon lafiyar jama'a da ilimi.

Ayyukan Courtney a cikin canjin zamantakewa sun kuma yi kira ga nuna gaskiya a cikin gwamnati don kara amincewa, amsawa, da tasiri tare da manufofin kiwon lafiya da ilimi wanda ke haifar da sakamako mai auna.[19][20][21][22][23][24]

Littattafai

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  • David, Shekaru 14: Wanene da abin da ke ƙayyade lafiyar yaranmu, ilimi, da makomar (da Dominic Cappello)  
  • Harin Hydras mai Shugabannin Uku (da Dominic Cappello)  
  • 100% Al'umma: Tabbatar da Ayyuka 10 masu mahimmanci don Rayuwa da bunƙasa (da Dominic Cappello)  
  • Anna, Shekaru takwas: Rigakafin da aka yi amfani da bayanai game da raunin yara da cin zarafi (da Dominic Cappello)  

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Felitti, V. J.; Anda, R. F.; Nordenberg, D.; Williamson, D. F.; Spitz, A. M.; Edwards, V.; Koss, M. P.; Marks, J. S. (May 1998). "Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study". American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 14 (4): 245–258. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00017-8. ISSN 0749-3797. PMID 9635069.
  2. ↑ Wood, David L.; Pascoe, John; McGuinn, Laura; Garner, Andrew S.; Earls, Marian F.; Dobbins, Mary I.; Siegel, Benjamin S.; The Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health, Committee on Early Childhood; Garner, Andrew S. (2012-01-01). "The Lifelong Effects of Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress". Pediatrics (in Turanci). 129 (1): e232–e246. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2663. ISSN 0031-4005. PMID 22201156.
  3. ↑ Grey, H.R.; Ford, K.; Bellis, M.A.; Lowey, H.; Wood, S. (April 2019). "Associations between childhood deaths and adverse childhood experiences: An audit of data from a child death overview panel". Child Abuse & Neglect. 90: 22–31. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.020. S2CID 73432221.
  4. ↑ Scully, C.; McLaughlin, J.; Fitzgerald, A. (21 May 2019). "The relationship between adverse childhood experiences, family functioning, and mental health problems among children and adolescents: A systematic review". Journal of Family Therapy. 42 (2): 291–316. doi:10.1111/1467-6427.12263. S2CID 181895223. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  5. ↑ Shonkoff, J.P.; Garner, A.S.; Siegel, B.S.; Dobbins, M.I.; Earls, M.F.; McGuinn, L.; Pascoe, J.; Wood, D.L. (1 January 2012). "The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress". Pediatrics. 129 (1): 232–246. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2663. PMID 22201156. S2CID 535692. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  6. ↑ Fang, X.; Brown, D.S.; Florence, C.S.; Mercy, J.A. (February 2012). "The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention". Child Abuse & Neglect. 36 (2): 156–165. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.006. PMC 3776454. PMID 22300910.
  7. ↑ McEwen, Craig A.; Gregerson, Scout F. (2019). "A Critical Assessment of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study at 20 Years". American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 56 (6): 790–794. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.10.016. PMID 30803781. S2CID 73499502.
  8. ↑ "Social Determinants of Health". Healthy People 2020. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2023.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  9. ↑ Carey, G.; Crammond, B. (14 July 2015). "Systems change for the social determinants of health". BMC Public Health. 15 (1): 662. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1979-8. PMC 4501117. PMID 26168785.
  10. ↑ Anderson, J.A.; Chen, M.E.; Min, M.; Watkins, L.L. (18 December 2017). "Successes, challenges, and future directions for an Urban Full Service Community schools initiative". Education and Urban Society. 51 (7): 894–921. doi:10.1177/0013124517747032. S2CID 149061327. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  11. ↑ Anderson-Butcher, D. (October 2004). "Transforming Schools into 21st Century community learning centers". Children & Schools. 26 (4): 248–252. doi:10.1093/cs/26.4.248. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  12. ↑ Biag, M.; Castrechini, S. (3 June 2016). "Coordinated Strategies to Help the Whole Child: Examining the Contributions of Full-Service Community Schools". Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk. 21 (3): 157–173. doi:10.1080/10824669.2016.1172231. S2CID 147782892. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  13. ↑ Arenson, M.; Hudson, P.J.; Lee, N.H.; Lai, B. (19 February 2019). "The evidence on school-Based Health Centers: A Review". Global Pediatric Health. 6: 2333794X1982874. doi:10.1177/2333794x19828745. PMC 6381423. PMID 30815514.
  14. ↑ Bersamin, M.; Garbers, S.; Gold, M.A.; Heitel, J.; Martin, K.; Fisher, D.A.; Santelli, J. (January 2016). "Measuring Success: Evaluation Designs and approaches to assessing the impact of school-based health centers". Journal of Adolescent Health. 58 (1): 3–10. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.09.018. PMC 4693147. PMID 26707224. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  15. ↑ Dunfee, M.N. (21 June 2020). "School-Based Health Centers in the United States: Roots, reality, and potential". Journal of School Health. 90 (8): 665–670. doi:10.1111/josh.12914. PMID 32567122. S2CID 219975227. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  16. ↑ Daniel, J.; Malone, H.L.S.; Kirkland, D.E (14 October 2020). "A Step Closer to Racial Equity: Towards a Culturally Sustaining Model for Community Schools". Urban Education. 58 (9): 2058–2088. doi:10.1177/0042085920954906. S2CID 225135506.
  17. ↑ Dyar, O.J.; Haglund, B.J.; Melder, C.; Skillington, T.; Kristenson, M.; Sarkadi, A. (8 September 2022). "Rainbows over the world's public health: determinants of health models in the past, present, and future". Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. 50 (7): 1047–1058. doi:10.1177/14034948221113147. S2CID 252160816 Check |s2cid= value (help).
  18. ↑ Exworthy, M. (September 2008). "Policy to tackle the social determinants of health: using conceptual models to understand the policy process". Health Policy and Planning. 23 (5): 318–327. doi:10.1093/heapol/czn022. PMID 18701553. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  19. ↑ Alt, J.E.; Lassen, D.D.; Skilling, D. (25 January 2021). "Fiscal Transparency, Gubernatorial Approval, and the Scale of Government: Evidence from the States". State Politics & Policy Quarterly. 2 (3): 230–250. doi:10.1177/153244000200200302. S2CID 17515954. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  20. ↑ Cucciniello, M.; Nasi, G. (6 November 2014). "Transparency for trust in government: How effective is formal transparency?". International Journal of Public Administration. 37 (13): 911–921. doi:10.1080/01900692.2014.949754. S2CID 154461512. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  21. ↑ Fenster, M (15 September 2015). "The transparency fix: Advocating legal rights and their alternatives in the pursuit of a visible state". University of Pittsburgh Law Review. 73 (3). doi:10.2139/ssrn.1918154. SSRN 1918154. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  22. ↑ Khurshid, M.M.; Zakaria, N.H.; Rashid, A.; Ahmad, M.N.; Arfeen, M.I.; Faisal Shehzad, H.M. (21 July 2020). "Modeling of open government data for public sector organizations using the potential theories and determinants—a systematic review". Informatics. 7 (3): 24. doi:10.3390/informatics7030024.
  23. ↑ Lyrio, M.V.; Lunkes, R.j.; Taliani, E.T. (8 February 2018). "Thirty Years of studies on transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector: The State of the art and opportunities for future research". Public Integrity. 20 (5): 512–533. doi:10.1080/10999922.2017.1416537. S2CID 148820178.
  24. ↑ Matheus, R.; Janssen, M. (4 December 2019). "A systematic literature study to unravel transparency enabled by Open Government Data: The window theory". Public Performance & Management Review. 43 (3): 503–534. doi:10.1080/15309576.2019.1691025. S2CID 214262871.
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