Kayan gandun daji
 Kayan gandun daji | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Forestry da plantation (en)  |
| Product or material produced (en) |
biomass (en) da biofuel |
| Uses (en) |
Short rotation coppice (en) da Short rotation forestry (en) |
Kayan gandun daji wani nau'i ne na gandun daji wanda ake shuka nau'in bishiyoyi masu saurin girma ko bishiyoyi masu katako musamman don samar da biomass ko biofuel don dumama ko samar da wutar lantarki.
Hanyoyi biyu na gandun daji na makamashi sune gajeren juyawa da gajeren jujjuyawar gandun daji:
- Gajeren juyawa na iya haɗawa da amfanin gona na poplar, willow ko eucalyptus, wanda ya girma na shekaru biyu zuwa biyar kafin girbi.[1]
- Shuke-shuke na gajeren juyawa sune amfanin gona na Alder, ash, birch, eucalyptus, poplar, da sycamore, sun girma na shekaru takwas zuwa ashirin kafin girbi.
Fa'idodi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban fa'idar amfani da "mai mai girma", sabanin burbushin burbushin kamar kwal, iskar gas da mai, shine yayin da suke girma suna shan kusan daidai da carbon dioxide (wani muhimmin iskar gas) zuwa abin da daga baya aka saki a cikin konewa.[2] Idan aka kwatanta, ƙone burbushin burbushin halittu yana ƙara carbon na yanayi ba tare da dorewa ba, ta hanyar amfani da carbon da aka kara zuwa sink na carbon na Duniya miliyoyin shekaru da suka gabata. Wannan babban mai ba da gudummawa ga Canjin yanayi.
A cewar FAO, idan aka kwatanta da sauran amfanin gona na makamashi, itace yana daga cikin hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa da makamashi dangane da yawan makamashi da aka fitar ta hanyar carbon da aka fitar. Sauran fa'idodi na samar da makamashi daga bishiyoyi, sabanin amfanin gona, shine cewa ba lallai ba ne a girbe bishiyoyi a kowace shekara, ana iya jinkirta girbi lokacin da farashin kasuwa ya sauka, kuma samfuran na iya cika amfani da yawa.[3]
Sakamakon wasu nau'ikan na iya zama sama da tan 11 a kowace hekta a kowace shekara.[4] Koyaya, ƙwarewar kasuwanci a kan shuke-shuke a Scandinavia sun nuna ƙarancin amfanin gona.[5]
Hakanan ana iya amfani da waɗannan amfanin gona a cikin tabbatar da banki da kuma gyaran bishiyoyi.[6] A zahiri, gwaje-gwaje a Sweden tare da shuke-shuke na willow sun tabbatar da cewa suna da tasiri mai yawa a kan ƙasa da ingancin ruwa [7] idan aka kwatanta da amfanin gona na al'ada (kamar hatsi).[8] Wannan tasirin mai fa'ida ya kasance tushen tsarin samar da abubuwa da yawa don biyan buƙatun bioenergy masu tasowa kuma a lokaci guda, ƙara yawan halittu na gida, rage lalacewar ƙasa da hayakin abinci mai gina jiki zuwa ruwa, ƙara carbon, haɓaka pollination, da gujewa ko rage abubuwan ambaliyar ruwa.[9]
Matsalolin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kodayake a wurare da yawa na duniya har yanzu ana buƙatar tallafin gwamnati don tallafawa ci gaban gandun daji mai ƙarfi a matsayin masana'antu, ana ganinsa a matsayin wani bangare mai mahimmanci na cibiyar sadarwar makamashi mai sabuntawa kuma zai ƙara zama da muhimmanci a nan gaba.[10]
Tsarin gandun daji na makamashi ya fuskanci zargi game da abinci vs. man fetur, inda ya zama mai fa'ida ta kudi don maye gurbin amfanin gona na abinci da amfanin gona mai makamashi. Koyaya, irin waɗannan gandun daji na makamashi ba lallai bane su yi gasa da amfanin gona don ƙasa mai amfani sosai kamar yadda za'a iya shuka su a kan gangara, gefen, ko ƙasa mai lalacewa - wani lokacin ma da dalilai na farfadowa na dogon lokaci a zuciya.[11]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Establishing an SRC plantation". Archived from the original on 2006-12-20. Retrieved 2006-12-08.
- ↑ "Potential seen to develop short-rotation forestry for wood fuel". Archived from the original on 2006-06-30. Retrieved 2006-12-08.
- ↑ "Scientific Facts on Forests & Energy". GreenFacts Website. 2009-03-13. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
- ↑ Aylott, MJ; Casella, E; Tubby, I; Street, NR; Smith, P; Taylor, G (2008). "Yield and spatial supply of bioenergy poplar and willow short-rotation coppice in the UK". New Phytologist. 178 (2): 358–370. Bibcode:2008NewPh.178..358A. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02396.x. PMID 18331429. S2CID 35494995.
- ↑ Mola-Yudego, Blas; Aronsson, Pär (2008). "Yield models for commercial willow biomass plantations in Sweden". Biomass and Bioenergy. 32 (9): 829–837. Bibcode:2008BmBe...32..829M. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.01.002.
- ↑ Zalesny, Ronald; Berndes, Göran; Dimitriou, Ioannis; Fritsche, Uwe; Miller, Constance; Eisenbies, Mark; Ghezehei, Solomon; Hazel, Dennis; Headlee, William; Mola-Yudego, Blas; Negri, Cristina; Nichols, Elizabeth; Quinn, John; Shifflett, Shawn; Therasme, Obste (2019). "Positive water linkages of producing short rotation poplars and willows for bioenergy and phytotechnologies". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment. 8 (5). Bibcode:2019WIREE...8E.345Z. doi:10.1002/wene.345. S2CID 146694940.
- ↑ Dimitriou, Ioannis; Mola-Yudego, Blas; Aronsson, Pär; Eriksson, Jan (2012). "Changes in organic carbon and trace elements in the soil of willow short-rotation coppice plantations". Bioenergy Research. 5 (3): 563–572. Bibcode:2012BioER...5..563D. doi:10.1007/s12155-012-9215-1. S2CID 7370777.
- ↑ Dimitriou, Ioannis; Mola-Yudego, Blas; Aronsson, Pär (2012). "Impact of willow Short Rotation Coppice on water quality". Bioenergy Research. 5 (3): 537–545. Bibcode:2012BioER...5..537D. doi:10.1007/s12155-012-9211-5. S2CID 16209524.
- ↑ Englund, Oscar; Dimitriou, Ioannis; Dale, Virginia; Klein, Keith; Mola-Yudego, Blas; Murphy, Fionnuala; English, Burton; McGrath, John; Busch, Gerald; Negri, Cristina (2020). "Multifunctional perennial production systems for bioenergy: performance and progress". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment. 9 (5). Bibcode:2020WIREE...9E.375E. doi:10.1002/wene.375. S2CID 219420124.
- ↑ "Stern Review on the economics of climate change". Archived from the original on 2006-12-09.
- ↑ Englund, Oskar; Börjesson, Pål; Berndes, Göran; Scarlat, Nicolae; Dallemand, Jean-Francois; Grizzetti, Bruna; Dimitriou, Ioannis; Mola-Yudego, Blas; Fahl, Fernando (2020). "Beneficial land use change: Strategic expansion of new biomass plantations can reduce environmental impacts from EU agriculture". Global Environmental Change. 60: 101990. Bibcode:2020GEC....6001990E. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101990. S2CID 213828505.