Keith Jarrett

Keith Jarrett (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Mayu, 1945) ɗan wasan piano ne kuma mawaƙi ɗan Amurka. Jarrett ya fara aikinsa da Art Blakey kuma daga baya ya koma yin wasa da Charles Lloyd da Miles Davis . Tun farkon shekarun 1970, ya kasance shugaban ƙungiya kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo shi kaɗai a cikin jazz, haɗakar jazz, da kiɗan gargajiya . Ayyukansa na haɓakawa sun samo asali ne daga al'adun jazz da sauran nau'ikan kiɗa, gami da kiɗan gargajiya na Yamma, bishara, blues, da kiɗan gargajiya na ƙabila.

Kundin wakokinsa mai suna The Köln Concert, wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1975, shi ne mafi kyawun rikodin piano a tarihi. A shekarar 2008, an shigar da shi cikin DownBeat Jazz Hall of Fame a cikin kuri'ar jin ra'ayin masu karatu ta shekara-shekara ta 73.

A shekara ta 2003, Jarrett ya sami kyautar Polar Music kuma shi ne wanda ya fara lashe kyautar da aka ba shi a matsayin kyautar kiɗan zamani da na gargajiya. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami kyautar kiɗan Léonie Sonning .

A watan Fabrairun 2018, Jarrett ya kamu da bugun jini kuma tun daga lokacin bai iya yin wasa ba. Wani bugun jini na biyu a watan Mayun 2018 ya sa ya shanye kaɗan kuma bai iya yin wasa da hannunsa na hagu ba.

Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haifi Jarrett a ranar 8 ga Mayu, 1945, a Allentown, Pennsylvania, ga wata uwa 'yar asalin Slovenia . An haifi kakar Jarrett a Segovci, kusa da Apače a Slovenia . Mahaifin Jarrett galibi 'yar asalin Jamus ne. Ya girma a Allentown da ke kewaye da birnin tare da samun damar yin waƙa tun yana ƙarami.

Jarrett yana da cikakkiyar rawar gani kuma yana nuna hazaka sosai a fannin kiɗa tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara darussan piano kafin cikarsa ta uku. Yana da shekaru biyar, ya bayyana a wani shirin talabijin wanda shugaban ƙungiyar mawaƙa Paul Whiteman ya shirya. Ya yi waƙar piano ta farko a lokacin yana ɗan shekara bakwai, yana buga ayyukan mawaƙa kamar Bach, Beethoven, Mozart, da Saint-Saëns, kuma ya ƙare da waƙoƙi biyu nasa. Bayan ƙarfafa shi daga mahaifiyarsa, ya ɗauki darussan piano na gargajiya tare da jerin malamai, ciki har da Eleanor Sokoloff na Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Curtis da ke Philadelphia .

Jarrett ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Emmaus da ke Emmaus, Pennsylvania, inda ya koyi jazz kuma ya ƙware a ciki. Ya fara sha'awar jazz na zamani, kuma wasan kwaikwayo na Dave Brubeck da ya halarta a New Hope ya burge shi. An gayyace shi ya yi karatun waƙoƙin gargajiya a Paris tare da Nadia Boulanger, amma ya riga ya karkata ga jazz kuma ya ƙi.

Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Emmaus a shekarar 1963, Jarrett ya koma Boston don halartar Kwalejin Kiɗa ta Berklee da kuma buga piano a ƙungiyoyin kulab na Boston.

Sana'a

Manzannin Jazz

A shekarar 1964, Jarrett ya koma birnin New York, inda ya buga wasa a Village Vanguard da ke Greenwich Village . [1] Art Blakey ya ɗauki Jarrett don ya buga wa The Jazz Messengers . Bayyanar Jarrett a cikin kundin waƙoƙin Messenger kai tsaye na Buttercorn Lady ta nuna farkon rikodinsa na kasuwanci. [2] Duk da haka, akwai rashin jituwa tsakanin Blakey da Jarrett, kuma Jarrett ya tafi bayan watanni huɗu na yawon shakatawa

A lokacin wani wasan kwaikwayo, Jack DeJohnette ya lura da shi, wanda ya ba da shawarar Jarrett ga shugaban ƙungiyarsa Charles Lloyd . Charles Lloyd Quartet ya kafa ƙungiyar ba da daɗewa ba kuma suna binciken siffofi a buɗe, waɗanda aka gyara yayin da suke gina ramuka masu laushi, kuma suna ƙaura zuwa ƙasa wanda wasu daga cikin ƙungiyoyin rock na Yammacin Tekun ke bincika, kodayake daga wani salo na salo, daga wasu ƙungiyoyin rock masu ban sha'awa na Yammacin Tekun. Kundin waƙoƙinsu na 1966 Forest Flower yana ɗaya daga cikin rikodin jazz mafi nasara a tsakiyar shekarun 1960. An gayyace su su buga The Fillmore a San Francisco, kuma sun jawo hankalin masu sauraro na hippie na gida. Ƴan wasan quartet sun yi rangadin faɗin Amurka da Turai, gami da fitowa a Leningrad da Moscow. Waƙar da suka yi a Royal Albert Hall na London ta samu halartar The Beatles . An saka sunan ƙungiyar a cikin Mujallar Time da Harper, wanda ya sa Jarrett ya zama shahararren mawaƙi a fannin rock da jazz. Yawon shakatawa ya kuma kafa harsashin haɗin gwiwa mai ɗorewa tsakanin waƙoƙi da DeJohnette.

Jarrett ya fara yin rikodin waƙoƙinsa a matsayin shugaban ƙananan ƙungiyoyi da farko a cikin ƙungiyar uku tare da Charlie Haden da Paul Motian . Life Between the Exit Signs (1967), kundin waƙoƙinsa na farko a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar, Vortex ya sake shi sannan Restoration Ruin (1968), wanda Thom Jurek na AllMusic ya rubuta "abin sha'awa ne a cikin kundin waƙoƙinsa". Ba wai kawai Jarrett ba ya taɓa piano sosai ba, har ma yana buga duk sauran kayan kida a kan abin da ainihin kundin waƙoƙin gargajiya ne. Ba kamar yadda aka saba ba, yana kuma rera waƙa. An sake fitar da wani kundin waƙoƙi uku tare da Haden da Motian a cikin 1968 a Atlantic Records .