Kisan Mabel Greenwood

Kisan Mabel Greenwood
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	1874
Mutuwa	17 ga Janairu, 1929
Sana'a
Sana'a	solicitor (en)

A ranar 17 ga Yunin 1919, Mabel Greenwood (née Bowater) ta mutu tare da mijinta Harold Greenwood (1874 - 17 ga Janairun 1929) lauya ɗan Ingila. An zargi Greenwood kuma an wanke shi daga laifin kashe matarsa ​​ta hanyar gubar arsenic. An yi masa shari'a a Carmarthen Assizes a shekarar 1920 kuma Edward Marshall Hall ya kare shi; shari'arsa misali ne mai wuya na tuhumar wani ƙwararren lauya da kisan kai.

Fact

Harold Greenwood, lauyan Yorkshire, ya ƙaura zuwa Wales a shekarar 1898[2] inda shi da matarsa ​​Mabel (née Bowater)[3] da 'ya'yansu huɗu suka zauna cikin kwanciyar hankali tare da ma'aikatan gida, a Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire.[4] Mabel ba ta cikin koshin lafiya kuma a ranar 16 ga Yunin 1919, ta yi korafin ciwon ciki bayan ta ci biredi na gooseberry don cin abincin rana; "koyaushe yana sa ni rashin jituwa da ni", in ji ta.[5] Greenwood ta ba ta brandy, wanda ya sa ta yi amai, kuma aka kira Dr Griffiths aka ba ta magani. Amma da sassafe na ranar 17 ga wata, ta mutu kuma Griffiths ta tabbatar da musabbabin mutuwarta a matsayin cutar zuciya.[4] Cikin watanni kadan bayan jana'izarta, Greenwood ta auri Gwladys Jones, wacce ta fi Mabel ƙanƙanta, wanda hakan ya haifar da tsegumi a yankin.[4] Mabel ta kasance mai himma da farin jini a cikin al'ummar yankin[2] kuma a watan Oktoban 1919 tsegumin ya kai matsayin da 'yan sanda suka ba da shawarar tono gawar don binciken shari'a; lokacin da aka sanar da Greenwood game da wannan, ya amsa da cewa "Kawai dai - na yarda sosai".[4]

An binciki gawar Mabel Greenwood kuma an gano tana ɗauke da hatsi 0.25 zuwa 0.5 (16 zuwa 32 mg) na arsenic, amma babu wata shaida ta cututtukan zuciya.[4] Saboda haka, an gudanar da bincike a Kidwelly Town Hall[2] a watan Yunin 1920 inda alkalan suka yanke hukunci baki ɗaya na "kisan kai ta hanyar gubar guba ... wanda Harold Greenwood ya jagoranta".[6] An shaida wa alkalan cewa Greenwood ya sayi maganin kashe ciyawa da ke ɗauke da sinadarin arsenic.[3] Sharhin Greenwood game da jin hukuncin shine "Kai!", kuma an kama shi a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1920.[6]

Shari'a

Shari'ar Greenwood ta fara ne a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1920 a Carmarthen a gaban Mista Justice Shearman; Sir Edward Marlay Samson ne ya gurfanar da shi a gaban kuliya kuma Sir Edward Marshall Hall ya kare shi.[7] Shari'ar ita ce shari'ar kisan kai ta uku da Hall ta yi a shekarar, kuma ya riga ya kasance cikin rashin lafiya; duk da shakkun da wasu suka nuna, yana mai cewa "Mutumin ba shi da laifi, kuma zan kore shi - za ku gani".[7]

Karewar Hall ga Greenwood ya dogara ne akan musanta shaidar binciken kwakwaf da ta wata mai aikin gidan. A shari'ar farko, ya nuna cewa Dr Griffiths da kansa ya ba wa Mabel Greenwood maganin (bismuth da morphine) a lokacin, wanda zai iya zama sanadin mutuwa ba tare da la'akari da kowace arsenic ba, duk da canjin labarin Griffiths daga morphine zuwa opium, wanda a lokacin magani ne mai rauni sosai; Hall ya yi amfani da wannan bambanci zuwa mafi girman tasiri.[7] A shari'ar Hannah Williams, mai aikin gida, Hall ta yi nasarar nuna cewa shaidarta ta sami tasiri sosai daga wani jami'in 'yan sanda wanda ya yi mata hira bayan mutuwar, kuma ta canza labarinta a lokuta da dama.[7]

Hall ya fara kare kansa ta hanyar ambato daga Othello kuma yana zargin cewa dukkan shari'ar ta samo asali ne daga jita-jita na gida. Ya kira Greenwood a matsayin shaida don kare kansa, wanda ya musanta duk wani hannu a mutuwar matarsa, kuma ya jure dogon tambayoyi.[7] Shaidarsa ta ƙarshe ita ce Irene Greenwood, 'yar wanda ake tuhuma mai shekaru 22, wacce ta bayyana cewa ta kuma sha, ba tare da wata illa ba, daga kwalbar giya da masu gabatar da kara suka yi zargin cewa ita ce tushen gubar da ta kashe Mabel. Alkalin ya yi nuni da wannan a taƙaicewarsa: "Idan ita ma ta sha daga kwalbar, to akwai ƙarshen shari'ar".[7] An wanke Greenwood kuma alkalan sun ƙara wani mahayi (ba a buga shi a lokacin ba) a cikin hukuncinsu, suna cewa "Mun gamsu ... cewa an ba wa Mabel Greenwood wani maganin arsenic mai haɗari ... amma ba mu gamsu da cewa wannan shine musabbabin mutuwar nan take ba ... (ko kuma) yadda ko kuma ta wa aka ba wa arsenic ɗin".[8]

Greenwood, tare da matarsa ​​ta biyu, sun ƙaura zuwa Sellack, kusa da Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire, sun canza sunansa zuwa Pilkington,[9] kuma sun rayu ba tare da wata matsala ba har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1929.[5]