Kisan kiyashi na Oued-Zem (1955)
| Iri | Kisan Kiyashi |
|---|---|
| Kwanan watan | 20 ga Augusta, 1955 |
| Wuri |
Oued Zem (en)  |
| Ƙasa | Kariyar Faransa a Maroko |
Kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Oued-Zem ya kasance wani babban boren Moroccan da ƙabilun da ke kewaye da Oued Zem suka yi, bayan tilastawa Mohammed V na Maroko. Wannan lamarin ya kai ga kashe Turawa mazauna birnin tare da yin arangama da jami’an tsaro na yankin.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kisan gillar da aka yi shi ne kai tsaye sakamakon gudun hijira na tilastawa Mohamed V, [1] wanda daga baya aka tura shi gudun hijira a Madagascar kuma ya maye gurbinsa da wani ɗan uwansa na nesa, Mohamed Ben Arafa. Dangane da martani, a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta, 1955 (kamar yadda majiyoyin Moroccan suka bayyana, ba tare da wata alama a Faransa ba), fiye da mutane dubu goma Moroccan ne suka fito kan titunan Oued Zem don neman a dawo da Sarkinsu. Sojojin Faransa da ke wurin sun murkushe zanga-zangar da karfi, inda suka kashe 'yan Moroko fiye da 12,000 (wasu shahidai a Maroko). [2] [3] Washegari sai ƙabilun suka koma birni.
Kisan kiyashi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙabilun da abubuwan da suka faru sun haɗa da Bani Smir, Smaala, sauran ƙabilun Ouardigha, da Beni Khirane. [4] A cikin su, Smaala sun yi fice a lokacin da suke jagorantar al'amuran cikin gari.[5][6]
Lamarin dai ya fara ne da misalin karfe 8 na safe, lokacin da maharan suka isa Bou Jaad. Da ƙarfe 8:30, gungun 'yan ƙabilar Beni Khirane suka shiga birnin da manyan motoci da dawakai. Da misalin karfe tara na safe ne ƙabilun Smaala, Bani Smir, da Beni Khirane suka mamaye birnin. [7] Sama da mutane 20,000 ne suka kai hari a birnin, irin su Razias, har ma da kai hari a asibiti. [8] Da karfe 11 na safe ne aka sanar da runduna ta 2 ta 4 ta REI game da ta'asar da aka yi a Oued Zem. [9] Masu ɗauke da gatari, sanduna, duwatsu, da bindigu, 'yan Morocco sun harbe tare da jifan jandarmomi na Faransa a Oued Zem. Ɗaya daga cikinsu mai suna Gendarme Soumagne ya samu rauni sosai. [1] Na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa, Laftanar Bach da mutanensa sun yi ƙoƙarin kashe sojojin Smaala, a ƙafa da dawakai, mafi yawan makamai da bindigogi, daga kwata na Turai har sai da ƙarfafawa suka isa. Jandarma a wurin ya ruwaito tsakanin 50 da 75 Turawa sun kashe (fiye da 77 bisa ga Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen waje [9] ). [1] [10] Bugu da ƙari, an kashe jami'an tsaro 19. [9]
Daga cikin jagororin kisan kiyashin har da caïd Bel Hajj [al-Smaali], ɗan ƙabilar Smaala kuma mai fada a ji. [11] Haka nan kuma babban hafsan sojin ƙasar Bendaoud ben al-Ghazwani al-Smiri na kungiyar Bani Smir, wanda ya jagoranci wani ɓangare na kisan gilla tare da kashe wasu Faransawa biyar, inda ya yi ta gwabzawa har zuwa ƙarshe ya ki miƙa wuya. [12]
Bayan haka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 30 ga watan Agusta, 1955, babban ɓangare na mahalarta kisan kiyashin sun miƙa wuya kuma suka nemi aman (aikin jin kai na al'ada), suna ba da biyayyarsu don musanya zaman lafiya. An karɓi roƙonsu, kuma suka yi hadaya da shanu 12. [13]
A ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, 2023, don cika shekaru 68 na abubuwan da suka faru, gungun zuriyar shahidai 2,000 sun aika da wasika game da laifukan da suka faru a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta, 1955 zuwa ga shugaban Jamhuriyar Faransa Emmanuel Macron, amma abin ya ci tura. [14]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "20 août 1955: flambée de violence en Afrique du Nord" (in Faransanci). Retrieved 2025-04-26. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Mohamed, Essafi (2023-08-19). "فعاليات تطالب الرئيس الفرنسي بالإعتذار لسكان وادي زم". الأسبوع الصحفي (in Larabci). Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ "مغاربة يذكرون فرنسا بجرائم القتل والاغتصاب في وادزم ويطالبون ماكرون بالاعتذار". al3omk.com (in Larabci). 2023-08-17. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ diplomatique, Maroc (2022-08-18). "Les Soulèvements du 19 et 20 août 1955 contre le colonisateur: un événement à forte charge historique et symbolique". Maroc Diplomatique (in Faransanci). Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ Vatikiotis, P. J. (2015-07-16). Revolution in the Middle East: And Other Case Studies (in Turanci). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-39719-9. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ Gellner, Ernest (1983-03-03). Muslim Society (in Turanci). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-27407-4. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ fatima.khalidi (2023-01-26). "جرائم فرنسا في المغرب.. قتل الآلاف من المتظاهرين بواد زم سنة 1955". برلمان.كوم (in Larabci). Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ "OUED-ZEM : un déchaînement démentiel de cruauté et de barbarie" (in Faransanci). 1955-08-23. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Jean Balazuc: 1955 - La Légion face aux émeutiers au Maroc". www.legionetrangere.fr (in Faransanci). 2019-10-10. Retrieved 2025-04-26.
- ↑ "La révolte d'Oued Zem où 50 européens ont été assassinés" (in Faransanci). 21–22 August 1955. Missing or empty
|url=(help) - ↑ "The New York herald tribune". Gallica (in Faransanci). 1955-08-27. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ "المقاوم دويدة ثائر من ورديغة". Fasse (in Larabci). 2020-08-20. Retrieved 2024-09-07.
- ↑ "Indépendances - La répression des émeutes berbères - Ina.fr". Indépendances. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
- ↑ "فعاليات حقوقية تعيد إلى الواجهة ملف "جرائم الاحتلال الفرنسي" بالمغرب" (in Larabci). 2023-08-18. Retrieved 2024-09-06.