Kogin Derwent (Tasmania)
| Kogin Derwent | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Tsawo | 215 km |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
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| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 43°03′00″S 147°22′00″E / 43.05°S 147.36666666667°E |
| Kasa | Asturaliya |
| Territory | Tasmania (en)  |
| Hydrography (en) | |
| Tributary (en) | duba
|
| Watershed area (en) | 9,249 km² |
| Tabkuna | Lake St Clair (mul) , Lake King William (en) da Lake Repulse (en) |
| River source (en) | Lake St Clair (mul) |
| River mouth (en) | Storm Bay (en) |
Kogin Derwent kogi ne a cikin Tasmania, Ostiraliya, wanda kuma ake kira palawa kani sunan timtumili minanya.[1] Kogin yana tashi a tsaunukan Central Highlands na jihar a tafkin St Clair, kuma yana gangarowa sama da 700 metres (2,300 ft) sama da nisan sama da 200 kilometres (120 mi), yana gudana ta Hobart, babban birnin jihar, kafin ya kwarara zuwa cikin Storm Bay ya kuma kwarara zuwa Tekun Tasman . A da, an taɓa rufe gaɓar Derwent da dazuzzuka kuma 'yan asalin Tasmanians ne suka mamaye ta. Mazauna Turai sun noma yankin, kuma a cikin ƙarni na 20 an gina madatsun ruwa da yawa a kan magudanar ruwa don samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa.
Noma, gandun daji, samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa da kuma wuraren kiwon kifi sun fi amfani da filayen kiwo. Derwent kuma muhimmin tushen ruwa ne don ban ruwa da samar da ruwa. Yawancin ruwan da Hobart ke samarwa yana fitowa ne daga kogin Derwent na ƙasa. [2] Kusan kashi 40% na al'ummar Tasmania suna zaune ne a gefen gabar tekun kuma ana amfani da Derwent sosai don nishaɗi, kwale-kwale, kamun kifi na nishaɗi, sufuri na ruwa da masana'antu.
Asalin Ma'anar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An sanya wa saman kogin suna ne bayan Kogin Derwent, Cumbria daga Commodore John Hayes na Burtaniya wanda ya yi bincike a cikinsa a shekarar 1793. Sunan Brythonic Celtic ne wanda ke nufin "kwarin da ke da kauri mai itacen oak". [3] [4] Matthew Flinders ya sanya sunan "Kogin Derwent" a kan dukkan kogin. [5] An amince da sunan "River Derwent" a hukumance a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1959. [6]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mutanen Muwinina sun zauna a kwarin Kogin Derwent tsawon akalla shekaru 8,000 kafin Turawan Ingila su matsu. [7] Ana samun shaidar matsuguninsu a wurare da yawa a gefen kogin. Bature na farko da ya zana taswirar kogin shine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux, wanda ya sanya masa suna Rivière du Nord a shekarar 1793. [8] Daga baya a wannan shekarar, John Hayes ya binciko kogin ya kuma sanya masa suna bayan Kogin Derwent, wanda ya wuce wurin haihuwarsa na Bridekirk, Cumberland .
Lokacin da Turawa suka fara bincike, ƙananan sassan kwarin an lulluɓe su da dazuzzukan itacen oak masu kauri, waɗanda ragowarsu suka kasance a sassa daban-daban na ƙananan bakin teku.
Akwai masana'antar kifin kifi mai bunƙasa har zuwa shekarun 1840 lokacin da masana'antar ta ragu da sauri saboda yawan amfani da ita. [9]
Yanayin ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kafa shi ta hanyar haɗuwar kogunan Narcissus da Cuvier a cikin Tafkin St Clair, Derwent yana gudana gabas gabas a tsawon 187 kilometres (116 mi) zuwa New Norfolk kuma yankin bakin teku ya ƙara tsawon 52 kilometres (32 mi) zuwa Tekun Tasman. Matsakaicin kwararar ruwa yana tsakanin 50 to 140 cubic metres per second (1,800 to 4,900 cu ft/s) kuma matsakaicin kwararar ruwa ta shekara-shekara shine 90 cubic metres per second (3,200 cu ft/s) .
Babban bakin teku ya samar da Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Birnin Hobart - tashar jiragen ruwa mafi zurfi da aka killace a Kudancin Duniya . [10] Wasu daga cikin tsoffin baƙi na tashar jiragen ruwa sun haɗa da HMS Beagle a watan Fabrairun 1836, dauke da Charles Darwin ; USS Kasuwanci ; USS John C. Stennis da USS Missouri . Jirgin ruwa mafi girma da ya taɓa yin tafiya a Derwent shine 113,000 tonnes (111,000 long tons), 61 metres (200 ft) tsayi, layin teku mai tsayi Diamond Princess, wanda ya fara ziyartarta a watan Janairun 2006. [11]
A wasu wurare a ƙasan kogin, tsawonsa kusan 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) faɗinsa, kuma saboda haka shine kogin da ya fi faɗi a Tasmania.
Kogin Derwent ya ƙunshi rairayin bakin teku masu yashi da yawa, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu manyan abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin unguwannin Hobart ne, kuma sun haɗa da Bellerive Beach, Blackmans Bay Beach, Howrah Beach, Nutgrove Beach, Lords Beach, Long Beach, Taroona Beach, Hinsby Beach, Kingston Beach da Windermere Beach.
- ↑ "Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre – nipaluna". tacinc.com.au (in Turanci). Retrieved 2018-09-27.
- ↑ "Catchment and flow". Derwent Estuary Program. 16 October 2014. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
- ↑ "Names of Rivers". web.ukonline.co.uk. Archived from the original on 18 July 2006.
- ↑ "Celtic Place Names". www.yorksj.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 6 December 2007.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ "River Derwent: Nomenclature number 470L". Nomenclature Board of Tasmania. 1959-05-20.
- ↑ "House of Assembly Standing Orders" (PDF). Parliament of Tasmania. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2009.
We acknowledge the traditional people of the land upon which we meet today, the Mouheneener people.
- ↑ "River Derwent". The Companion to Tasmanian History. Centre for Tasmanian Historical Studies | University of Tasmania. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
- ↑ "A History of Shore-Based Whaling". Parks.tas.gov.au. 25 July 2008. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
- ↑ "River Derwent Length and Geography". Tasmania.com.
- ↑ "Shipping Movements List for Hobart". TasPorts. Archived from the original on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.