Kogin Malewa
| Kogin Malewa | |
|---|---|
| General information | |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 0°43′29″S 36°21′12″E / 0.724778°S 36.353288°E |
| Kasa | Kenya |
Hydrography (en)  | |
| Tributary (en) |
duba
|
| Watershed area (en) | 1,730 km² |
| River mouth (en) | Tafkin Naivasha |
Kogin Malewa yana tashi a gangaren yammacin Aberdare Range a Kenya kuma yana kwarara kudu da yamma zuwa Tafkin Naivasha a cikin Babban Kwarin Rift . Tafkin Naivasha muhimmin tushen ruwa ne a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin bushewa, kuma yana tallafawa kasuwancin noman lambu da noman fure da yawon buɗe ido. Ingancin ruwan kogin Malewa ya tabarbare saboda ƙarin ayyukan ɗan adam a saman magudanar ruwa. Ba a fayyace tasirin wannan na dogon lokaci kan kaso na ruwan sama da ke shiga Tafkin Naivasha ba. Wataƙila a cikin shekarun da suka rage ruwan sama, kaso zai ragu saboda raguwar ruwa, yayin da a cikin shekarun da suka yi yawa, kaso zai karu saboda ƙasa mai noma da ke da ƙarancin ƙarfin riƙe ruwa da kuma gabatar da ƙarin wuraren kwarara 100% kamar hanyoyin kwalta da zanen ƙarfe, da sauransu.
Kama ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ruwan da ke kewaye da Kogin Malewa mai fadin 1,730 square kilometres (670 sq mi) yana samar da kusan kashi 90% na ruwan da ke kwarara zuwa Tafkin Naivasha, inda mafi yawan sauran ke fitowa daga Kogin Gilgil . [1] Mafarin babban mashigar Malewa yana farawa ne daga tsayin 3,700 metres (12,100 ft) a cikin tsaunukan Nyandarua (Aberdare). Madatsar ruwan Wanjohi tana da ruwa da ƙananan koguna da ke gudana daga gangaren Aberdares. [2] Sauran madatsar ruwan sune Turasha, Simba, Nyairoko da Ol Kalou. [2] Kogunan da ke cikin kwarin Malewa ba su da zurfi amma duk suna dawwama. [2]
Tashar Aberdare tana da nisan 1,200 millimetres (47 in) sama a kowace shekara kuma yana da manyan yankuna na dazuzzuka masu yawa. Tsaunukan da Malewa ke zubarwa suna da aman wuta kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga sodium da calcium ga ruwa ta hanyar lalata duwatsu. Sulphate a cikin ruwa yana fitowa daga sararin samaniya. [3] Kasan Rift Valley yana samun 600 millimetres (24 in) kowace shekara kuma galibi ana rufe shi da ciyawa, tare da ɗan ƙasa mara komai. Ruwan sama yana yawan sauka tsakanin Afrilu da Yuni da kuma a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. Zaizayar ƙasa ta fi yawa a cikin waɗannan watanni. [4]
Amfani da ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kogin Malewa yana samun ruwa daga koguna da ke ratsawa ta cikin Filayen Kinangop . A wani lokaci, tudun ya kusan rufe da ciyawar tussock mai ƙananan bishiyoyi. Kwarin rafin yana da dazuzzuka da yawa na tussock. Manoma na Kikuyu sun zauna a wannan fili tun daga shekarun 1960. Sun yi noma mafi yawan ƙasar don noman masara, alkama, kabeji da dankali. Yawancinsu an matse su da dausayi. [5] Inda ba a yi ganganci ba wajen magudanar ruwa, bishiyoyin da aka dasa don sanduna da itacen wuta sun shanye ruwan. Yanayin ya ta'allaka ne ga noman amfanin gona mai yawa da amfanin gona na kuɗi. [6]
Matsaloli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kogin yana fuskantar barazanar sare dazuzzuka da kuma lalata ƙasa, da ƙaruwar karkatar da ruwa don ban ruwa, da kuma gurɓata ta hanyar takin zamani da magungunan kashe ƙwari. [7] A watan Agusta na 1997, ruwan kogin Malewa mai cike da laka ya kai kimanin 500 metres (1,600 ft) zuwa Tafkin Naivasha. [2] Samun damar samun albarkatun ƙasa da kasuwanni ba adalci ba ne a yankin. Rikicin ruwa ya zama ruwan dare kuma talauci ya yaɗu. Inganta ayyukan kula da albarkatu na iya haifar da manyan ci gaba wajen rage gurɓatawa da zaizayar ƙasa. [8]