Kogin Ruvuma
| Kogin Ruvuma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Tsawo | 800 km |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 10°45′00″S 35°40′00″E / 10.75°S 35.6667°E |
| Kasa | Mozambik da Tanzaniya |
Hydrography (en)  | |
| Tributary (en) |
duba
|
| Watershed area (en) | 150,000 km² |
| River mouth (en) | Tekun Indiya |
Kogin Ruvuma, wanda a da ake kira Kogin Rovuma, kogi ne a yankin Manyan Tafkunan Afirka.[1] A mafi yawan sassan tafiyarsa, yana kan iyaka tsakanin Tanzania da Mozambique.[2] Kogin yana da faɗin 998 km (620 mi) tsayi, tare da magudanar ruwa na ~ 155,000 km2 (60,000 sq mi) girmansa.[3] Matsakaicin fitarsa a kowace shekara shine 475 m3/s (16,800 cu ft/s) zuwa 2,286 m3/s (80,700 cu ft/s) a bakinsa.[2]
Fitowa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Matsakaicin da matsakaicin kwararar Kogin Rovuma (11°9′53.9532″S 39°15′37.8072″E / 11.164987000°S 39.260502000°E)
| An yi samfurin VIC (1999–2008) | An kiyasta kwararar ruwa ta MFR (1999–2008) | Zamanin tarihi na UNH-GRDC (1957-1999) |
|---|---|---|
| Matsakaicin fitarwa | ||
| 1,864 m3/s (65,800 cu ft/s) | 1,866 m3/s (65,900 cu ft/s) | 1,838 m3/s (64,900 cu ft/s) |
| Mafi girman fitarwa | ||
| 22,365 m3/s (789,800 cu ft/s) | 22,630 m3/s (799,000 cu ft/s) | 22,053 m3/s (778,800 cu ft/s) |
Matsakaicin fitar ruwa a kowane wata na Kogin Rovuma (11°9′53.9532″S 39°15′37.8072″E / 11.164987000°S 39.260502000°E), UNH-GRDC historical period (1957–1999)
| Wata | Fitowa
(m 3 /s) |
|---|---|
| JAN | 3,340 |
| Fabrairu | 4,040 |
| MAR | 5,390 |
| APR | 3,880 |
| MAYU | 1,780 |
| YUNI | 780 |
| YULI | 350 |
| AUG | 160 |
| Satumba | 50 |
| OCT | 80 |
| NOV | 270 |
| Disamba | 1,940 |
Magudanar ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manyan magudanan ruwa na Kogin Rovuma: [2]
| Left
tributary | Right
tributary | Length
(km) | Basin size
(km2) | Average discharge
(m3/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rovuma | 760 | 155,316.4 | 1,773 | |
| Kitama | 70 | 1,065.8 | 12.3 | |
| Matiu | 100 | 1,920.1 | 26.1 | |
| Mwiti | 80 | 994.2 | 14 | |
| Ninga | 100 | 1,572.8 | 19.8 | |
| Miesi | 80 | 946.7 | 12.5 | |
| Mbangala | 160 | 3 598.2 | 44.4 | |
| Lugenda | 650 | 60,990.4 | 752.1 | |
| Lukwika | 100 | 1,331.5 | 16.3 | |
| Manjesi | 90 | 1,084.2 | 16.3 | |
| Lumesule | 180 | 2,342.8 | 28.9 | |
| Muhuwesi | 240 | 10,319.6 | 137.3 | |
| Mzinieva | 100 | 1,285.4 | 22.5 | |
| Chimovero | 638.3 | 11.2 | ||
| Licombe | 60 | 975.7 | 16 | |
| Lukembule | 1,234.6 | 21.6 | ||
| Chiluezi | 3,544.9 | 55.1 | ||
| Lopele | 763.1 | 13.3 | ||
| Luvingo | 80 | 592.4 | 10.3 | |
| Ludimilé | 1,129.4 | 20.7 | ||
| Sasawara | 90 | 2,322.8 | 37.3 | |
| Msangesi | 120 | 1,614.1 | 23.8 | |
| Lipapa | 753.5 | 14.2 | ||
| Lussanhando | 2,863.2 | 51.9 | ||
| Lucheringo | 250 | 9,288.1 | 200.5 | |
| Lualece | 60 | 611.9 | 11 | |
| Miongosi | 50 | 964.3 | 11.6 | |
| Likonde | 150 | 5,914.8 | 61.2 | |
| Mlongasi | 100 | 960.8 | 11.9 | |
| Messinge | 238 | 7,525.4 | 174.8 | |
| Lunyere | 190 | 6,210.1 | 78.7 | |
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙananan kogin Ruvuma an kafa shi ne ta hanyar haɗuwa a 11 ° 25 'S, 38 ° 31 'E na rassa biyu na kusan daidai, wanda ya fi tsayi, Lujenda, ya fito ne daga kudu maso yamma, ɗayan, wanda har yanzu yana ɗauke da sunan Ruvuma, daga yamma. Tushenta yana kan tudu mai tsawo, 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) m (3,300 , nan da nan zuwa gabashin Tafkin Nyasa, a 10 ° 45 'S, 35 ° 40 'E, kogin da ke gudana da farko saboda yamma kafin juya kudu da gabas.
A gefen gabas, Ruvuma tana gudana kusa da tushen wani busasshen tudun yashi a arewa, daga inda rafukan, waɗanda suka yanke kansu zurfafan hanyoyin shiga a gefen tudun, ke da kusan dukkan gajerun hanyoyin shiga.
A gefen da ke gaban kogin Ruvuma yana da Kogin Msinje da Kogin Luchulingo, waɗanda ke gudana a cikin manyan kwaruruka daga kudu zuwa arewa. Lujenda yana tashi kusa da Tafkin Chilwa, a cikin ƙaramin Tafkin Chiuta ( 1,700 feet (520 m) ), dausayin da ke kudu da wannan yana rabuwa da Chilwa ne kawai ta wani ƙaramin tudu mai dausayi. Kogin da ke fitowa daga Chiuta yana ratsawa ta wani kwarin dausayi zuwa cikin kunkuntar tafkin Amaramba, daga nan ne Kogin Lujenda ya fito a matsayin rafi mai tsawon 80 yards (73 m) faɗi.
Ƙasa ƙasa ya bambanta sosai a faɗinsa, yana ɗauke da tsibirai masu tsayi a wurare da yawa masu dazuzzuka waɗanda suka haura matakin ambaliyar ruwa, kuma galibi ana zaune a cikinsu. Kogin yana da sauƙin yin iyo a wurare da yawa a lokacin rani. A bakinsa yana da nisan 1 mile (1.6 km) faɗin.
Ƙananan Ruvuma, wanda sau da yawa yana da a fadin amma gabaɗaya ba shi da zurfi, yana gudana ta cikin kwarin da ke kewaye da tsaunuka masu tsawo waɗanda ke dauke da ƙananan ruwa na kogi. Bakin yana kusa da 10 ° 28 'S, 40 ° 30 'E, iyakar kusa da bakin tekun da aka kafa ta hanyar layi daya na 10 ° 40 'S. Tsawon Ruvuma kusan kilomita 500 ne (800.1⁄2 mile (0.8 km)
Gada
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gabatar da wata gada mai suna Unity Bridge a faɗin kogin tsakanin Mozambique da Tanzania tun a shekarar 1975, kuma duk da cewa an fara ginawa, an yi watsi da aikin saboda rashin kuɗi. A shekarar 2002, gwamnatocin ƙasashen biyu sun cimma yarjejeniya ta musamman don gina sabuwar gada mai tsawon mita 600 a faɗin kogin, kuma a ƙarshe an buɗe ta a wani biki a ranar 25 ga watan Mayu 2010. Gadar tana nan a Negomano, 200 kilometres (120 mi) cikin ƙasa da 100 kilometres (62 mi) daga titin da ya fi kusa da Mozambique. An amince da wurin tsakanin Shugabanni Machel da Nyerere domin wannan shine wurin da sojojin Frelimo suka fara shiga Mozambique a yakin 'yancin kai na Mozambique a ranar 25 ga watan Satumba, 1964. Negomano kuma shine wurin da sojojin Jamus suka ketare kogin Rovuma a ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba, 1917. [4] An fara shimfida duwatsun harsashi a gefen Tanzaniya da Mozambique a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba, 2005. An kammala ginin a farkon shekarar 2010 kuma ya ci dala miliyan 28. A da, ana iya ketare kogin da rafts (wanda ke gefen Tanzaniya) wanda zai iya ɗaukar jirage 3. Jirgin ruwan ya nutse a shekarar 2008 kuma ba a maye gurbinsa ba. A lokacin da ruwa ya yi ƙasa, kogin wani lokacin ana iya jurewa da kyau tare da tuƙi mai ƙafa 4.
An kuma kammala wani ƙaramin gada mai suna Unity Two a shekarar 2007 a saman Rovuma kusa da Matchedge a Lardin Niassa.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "GEF TWAP - Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme — GEF TWAP".
- 1 2 3 "Central East Coast".
- ↑ Development of Master Plan for Water Resources Management in Mozambique Archived 2023-06-13 at the Wayback Machine (PDF; 10,0 MB)
- ↑ Paice, Edward, 2008, Tip & Run, Phoenix, p. 339 ISBN 978-0753823491