Kogin Tana Red Colobus
| Kogin Tana Red Colobus | |
|---|---|
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| Conservation status | |
 CR (mul)  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Class | Mammalia (mul)  |
| Order | Primates (mul) |
| Dangi | Cercopithecidae (mul) |
| Genus | Piliocolobus (mul)
|
| jinsi | Piliocolobus rufomitratus Peters, 1879
|
Kenya)" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">Kogin Tana Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus), wanda kuma ake kira Eastern Red Colobus, nau'in dabbobi ne masu haɗari sosai a cikin dangin Cercopithecidae . Yana da iyaka a cikin wani yanki mai zurfi na gandun daji kusa da Kogin Tana a kudu maso gabashin Kenya.
Tsarin Haraji
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kamar yadda aka bayyana a nan, P. rufomitratus nau'in halitta ne mai kama da juna wanda aka takaita ga Kenya, bayan Groves . A matsayin dukkan jajayen colobuses, a da ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani nau'in P. badius mai yaɗuwa. Wasu hukumomi na baya-bayan nan sun haɗa da P. tephrosceles, P. foai da P. tholloni a matsayin nau'in P. rufomitratus maimakon a gane su a matsayin nau'in halitta daban-daban.
Matsayin kiyayewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An yi la'akari da jan kogin Tana a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin bishiyoyi 25 mafi fuskantar barazanar rayuwa a duniya . [1] Tare da mangabey na Kogin Tana da ke fuskantar barazanar rayuwa, babban dalilin ƙirƙirar reshen Kogin Tana a shekarar 1978, amma cin zarafin ɗan adam a cikin wannan wurin ya ci gaba. Kwanan nan, an ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata a mayar da hekta 20,000 na Delta na Kogin Tana zuwa gonakin sukari, amma aƙalla, Babban Kotun Kenya ta dakatar da wannan, na ɗan lokaci. Contra Groves, ba a amince da shi a matsayin nau'in da ya bambanta da na Uganda, Afirka ta Tsakiya da kuma na Thollon ba a cikin Jerin Red na IUCN na 2008. Da waɗannan a matsayin ƙananan nau'ikan halittu, ana ɗaukar P. rufomitratus a matsayin mafi ƙarancin damuwa a cikin Jerin Layi na IUCN na 2008, yayin da ake ɗaukar P. (r.) rufomitratus a matsayin waɗanda ke cikin haɗari.
An yi amfani da babban kogin Tana a ƙarƙashin kulawar Babban Bankin Tana (TRPNR). Sun yi bincike da nazari mai yawa kan kiyaye jan kogin Tana. Sun gano cewa kashi 37% ne kawai na jan kogin suka rayu a cikin kiyayewar kanta, wanda hakan ya sa aka yi tambaya game da dabarun kiyayewa. [2]
Abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kolobus ja na Kogin Tana yana cikin ƙaramin yanki na duniya ne kawai. Haɗarin da ke tattare da shi a yanzu yana faruwa ne sakamakon asarar muhalli da kuma tsanantawa daga mutane. Ana ci gaba da sare dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi, wanda ke haifar da lalata mazaunin kolobus ja. Noman ƙasa da ƙirƙirar koguna da dazuzzuka sun yi mummunan tasiri. Duk halittar ɗan adam ta ƙunshi share dazuzzuka na wani ɓangare ko gaba ɗaya, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin lalata wuraren dazuzzuka. [3] Kolobus ja na Kogin Tana da mangabey na Kogin Tana an saka su cikin mawuyacin hali saboda sare dazuzzuka da lalatawar da yawan jama'a ke haifarwa. Dazuzzuka babu kowa a cikinsu musamman don noma; a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata kusan kashi 50% na dazuzzukan musamman sun ɓace. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 1987 ya kammala da cewa tun daga shekarar 1975 an sami kusan kashi 80% na raguwar adadin birai na Kogin Tana Colobus. An gano cewa rikice-rikicen gidaje, canjin hanyoyin noma, da kuma canjin hanyar kogin su ne manyan dalilan da ke haifar da barazana ga muhalli. [4]
Wata barazana da ke tasowa ga kogin Tana River red colobus ita ce shigar da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa wuraren zama. Kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin birai ya fi sauran nau'ikan birai girma sosai. [5]
Abinci mai gina jiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Birai na Colobus galibi suna cin ganye daga ƙayyadadden adadin nau'in bishiyoyi. Suna zaɓar nau'in ganyen da suka girma waɗanda ke da yawan nitrogen kuma ba su da fiber. [6] Suna ƙara wa wannan babban abincin cellulose abinci tare da 'ya'yan itace marasa nuna lokaci-lokaci, gansakuka da iri. Abincin ɗan adam ba shi da sha'awa ga waɗannan ƙwararrun ganye. Cikinsu yana da girma kuma yana da ɗakuna uku, kuma yana ɗauke da takamaiman ƙwayar cuta wanda ke taimakawa wajen yin tauri da narke ganyen. Suna cin kimanin kilogiram biyu zuwa uku na ganye a rana. Wani lokaci suna cin ƙasa, yumbu da gawayi don taimakawa wajen narke guba da ganyayyaki masu guba. Saboda rashin kyawun abinci mai gina jiki na abincinsu, dole ne su yi bincike sosai na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa kowace rana suna neman abinci, kuma su ɓatar da mafi yawan sauran rana suna hutawa don taimakawa narkewar abinci. [7]
Halayya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Birai masu launin ja na Tana River galibi suna zama halittu masu nutsuwa da natsuwa. Suna zaune tare a ƙananan lambobi kuma suna yin kira kaɗan idan ya zama dole.
Mazauni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Birin jan colobus na Kogin Tana ya samo sunansa ne daga inda yake zaune, a gefen dazuzzukan da ke gefen ambaliyar ruwa a ƙananan Kogin Tana a gabashin Kenya, kogin da ya fi tsayi a ƙasar. Kogin yana da tsawon kusan 1,000. Tsawon kilomita. Idan kogin ya yi ambaliya, faɗin kogin yana tsakanin kilomita ɗaya zuwa shida, kuma faɗin mita 60 zuwa 100 idan ba a ambaliya ba. Ambaliyar ruwa tana faruwa kusan sau ɗaya a shekara, tare da ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa a kowace shekara uku. Duk da cewa ambaliyar ruwan galibi tana da ciyawa, akwai wurare masu daji, dazuzzuka, da dazuzzuka.
Yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kogin Tana na ƙasa gabaɗaya yana da zafi da bushewa, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 86 to 100 °F (30 to 38 °C) . Watanni mafi zafi galibi suna faruwa ne a watan Janairu da Fabrairu yayin da watanni mafi sanyi sune Mayu zuwa Yuli. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana tsakanin 500 da 600 mm, inda watanni mafi danshi su ne Maris da Afrilu, kuma mafi bushewa su ne Nuwamba da Disamba.
Kayan lambu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban ciyayi da ke bayyana a gefen Kogin Tana ya haɗa da ciyawa, ciyawar daji, daji, dazuzzukan da ba sa yin fure da kuma dazuzzukan da ba sa yin fure. Saboda matsalolin ɗan adam da ambaliyar ruwa, an samu raguwar dazuzzuka a wurare daban-daban. An gudanar da wani bincike a shekarar 1988 don gano abin da ke haifar da raguwar mangabey mai siffar crested da kuma jan kogin Tana. An gano cewa dajin yana sake farfadowa kuma yana sa sabon nau'in ciyayi ya jawo hankalin sabbin nau'ikan. Wannan zai iya zama dalilin raguwar adadinsu. [8]
Kwaikwayo
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jajayen goro na Kogin Tana yana da tsarin saduwa tsakanin mace da namiji musamman idan namiji ɗaya ne kawai yake. Tsarin rinjaye yawanci yana ƙayyade waɗanne mutane ne aka yarda su haɗu. Ba a san komai game da zagayowar haihuwa a cikin daji ba saboda yawan ƙaura da wannan nau'in ke yi akai-akai. Namijin da ya fi rinjaye yawanci yana haɗuwa da mata a cikin ƙungiya ɗaya ta zamantakewa. Mata suna fara saduwa ta hanyar nuna soyayya da kiran saduwa. Birai jajayen goro suna haihuwa a duk shekara, kuma suna da lokacin ɗaukar ciki na kimanin watanni 4.5 zuwa 5.5.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Russell Mittermeier. (J. ed.). OCLC Oates Check
|oclc=value (help). Invalid|url-access=Ganzhorn(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ Mbora, D. N. M.; Meikle, D. B. (2004). "The value of unprotected habitat in conserving the critically endangered Tana River red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus)". Biological Conservation. 120 (1): 91–99. Bibcode:2004BCons.120...91M. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2004.02.012.
- ↑ Moinde-Fockler, N. N.; Oguge, N. O.; Karere, G. M.; Otina, D.; Suleman, M. A. (2006). "Human and natural impacts on forests along lower Tana river, Kenya: Implications towards conservation and management of endemic primate species and their habitat". Biodiversity and Conservation. 16 (4): 1161. doi:10.1007/s10531-006-9096-8. S2CID 2448681.
- ↑ Decker, B. S. (1994). "Effects of habitat disturbance on the behavioral ecology and demographics of the Tana river red colobus (Colobus badius rufomitratus)". International Journal of Primatology. 15 (5): 703–737. doi:10.1007/BF02737428. S2CID 21945409.
- ↑ Mbora, D. N.; McPeek, M. A. (2009). "Host density and human activities mediate increased parasite prevalence and richness in primates threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation". Journal of Animal Ecology. 78 (1): 210–8. Bibcode:2009JAnEc..78..210M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01481.x. PMID 19120603.
- ↑ Mowry, C. B.; Decker, B. S.; Shure, D. J. (1996). "The role of phytochemistry in dietary choices of Tana River red colobus monkeys (Procolobus badius rufomitratus)". International Journal of Primatology. 17: 63–84. doi:10.1007/BF02696159. S2CID 673576.
- ↑ "Tusk | Tana River Red Colobus" (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-05-28.
- ↑ Medley, Kimberly E (Summer 1993). "The Tana River forests, Kenya: small, dynamic, and endangered". Focus. 43: 15–22.