Kogin Tijuana

Kogin Tijuana
General information
Tsawo	195 km
Labarin ƙasa
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa	32°33′18″N 117°07′43″W
Kasa	Tarayyar Amurka
Territory	Kalifoniya
Hydrography (en)
Watershed area (en)	4,532 km²
River mouth (en)	Pacific Ocean

Kogin Tijuana (Spanish) wani kogi ne mai saurin wucewa, 120 mi (195 km) tsawo, kusa da gabar tekun Pacific na arewacin Baja California a arewa maso yammacin Mexico da Kudancin California a yammacin Amurka. Ƙananan kogin sun gurɓata sosai da datti daga birnin Tijuana, Mexico.  

Wurin da yake

Kogin Tijuana ya zubar da wani yanki tare da iyakar Amurka da Mexico, yana gudana ta hanyar Mexico don mafi yawan tafiyarsa sannan ya haye iyakar zuwa Kudancin California don ƙananan 5 mi (8 km) don ya kwashe cikin teku a Kogin Ti marijuana a gefen kudancin San Diego. Yankin yana cikin Yanayin Bahar Rum da yankunan yanayi na tsaka-tsaki, don haka Kogin Tijuana da masu ba da gudummawa sau da yawa suna bushewa a lokutan fari.  

Kogin Tijuana yana da manyan magudanan ruwa guda biyu. Ɗaya, Arroyo de Alamar ko Rio Alamar, yana gudana a samansa a Amurka a matsayin Cottonwood Creek . Yana gudana daga asalinsa a cikin Dutsen Laguna zuwa kudu maso yamma inda madatsun ruwa guda biyu, Barrett da Morena, suka rufe shi, don samar da ruwa ga birnin San Diego. Cottonwood Creek ya haɗu da Tecate Creek kafin ya shiga Mexico inda aka sani da Arroyo de Alamar daga inda ya shiga Mexico zuwa haɗuwa da mafi girma, Arroyo of las Palmas, wanda ya zama tushen kogin Tijuana a cikin birni.

Arroyo de las Palmas, babban mai ba da gudummawa ga Kogin Tijuana, yana gudana daga duwatsu zuwa gabas zuwa tafkin a bayan madatsar ruwa ta Abelardo L. Rodríguez. Ruwa daga madatsar ruwan Rodríguez, ruwa yana gudana ta hanyar Tijuana a cikin tashar kankare zuwa iyakar kasa da kasa; a can yana ci gaba da yamma ta hanyar Kogin Tijuana don nisan kusan mil tara zuwa bakin teku sannan zuwa Tekun Pacific.

Ƙananan yankunan da ba a inganta su ba a cikin San Diego County a cikin yanayin birni mai zurfi a kudancin iyakar birnin Imperial Beach. Kogin ya kasance batun damuwa sosai game da gurɓataccen yanayi, kula da ambaliyar ruwa, da kare iyakar Amurka.

Bayyanawa

Kogin Tijuana da aka gani daga gadar masu tafiya a Tijuana (Mexico).

Kogin Tijuana ya tashi a cikin Sierra de Juárez na arewacin Baja California, kimanin 45 mi (70 km) ENE na Ensenada. Yana gudana WNW ta hanyar Tijuana, yana ƙetare iyaka kusan 5 mi (8 km) daga Pacific. Yana gudana zuwa yamma, kawai yana kewaye da iyakar kasa da kasa a kudancin sashin San Ysidro na San Diego. Ƙananan 2 mi (3 km) na kogin sun samar da babbar laka mai laushi, kuma Kogin Tijuana yana da wadataccen wurin zama ga namun daji, gami da fiye da nau'in tsuntsaye 370; ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan shine Ridgway's rail. Ita ce mafi girman yankin bakin teku na Kudancin California. Yana da saukin ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama mai yawa. Kogin Tijuana ya shiga Pacific 10 mi (15 km) kudu da tsakiyar San Diego a kudancin iyakar birnin Imperial Beach.

Kogin kogi ne mai saurin wucewa, yana gudana ne kawai a lokacin ruwan sama. Kogin ya rufe a Mexico kudu maso gabashin Tijuana ta madatsar ruwan Abelardo L. Rodríguez don ruwan sha da ban ruwa. Tsohon Gwamnan Baja California Milton Castellanos Everardo ya gina shingen kankare a bakin kogi don hana ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin mulkinsa. Ya kamata Amurka ta gina tsarin kari don tabbatar da cewa ruwan ambaliyar ruwa bai dawo cikin Mexico ba, amma a maimakon haka ta karɓi shirin kula da ambaliyar a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Majalisar Birnin San Diego, wanda masu ilimin muhalli suka goyi bayan, wanda ya adana bakin teku, wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin wurin kare namun daji.

Yawancin ruwan da ke cikin Mexico, tsakanin Mesa de Otay zuwa gabas, da tuddai zuwa yamma.

Karewa

Ambaliyar ruwa

Ambaliyar ruwa a cikin Kogin Tijuana ya kasance damuwa ga Amurka da Mexico saboda zai haifar da ragowar shara kuma zai haifar da lalacewar dukiya ga yankin da ke kewaye. A cikin 1944, an sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Ruwa ta Amurka da Mexico, wannan ya shafi "amfani da ruwa a cikin kogin Colorado da Tijuana da na Rio Grande". Wannan yarjejeniyar ta nada Hukumar iyakokin kasa da kasa da kuma Ruwa don magance batutuwa da yawa kamar tsabtace iyaka. IBWC ta ci gaba da kirkirar aikin kula da ambaliyar ruwa na Tijuana a shekarar 1966 don kirkirar tashoshin kula da ambaliya a kogin. Mexico ta cika gaba ɗaya a shekara ta 1976 yayin da aiwatar da Amurka ta tsaya saboda adawa a matakin gida. Duk da matakan kariya, ambaliyar ruwa a 1980 ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 11 da lalacewar dukiya a biranen da ke kan iyaka. Ambaliyar ruwa saboda ruwan sama mai yawa da toshewar datti suna ci gaba da zama damuwa cewa suna barazana ga yankunan da ke kewaye da su saboda gurɓataccen ruwa da aka samu a cikin kogi.