Koitalel Arap Samoei
| |||
| Rayuwa | |||
| Haihuwa | 1860 | ||
| Mutuwa | 19 Oktoba 1905 | ||
| Yanayin mutuwa | kisan kai | ||
| Ƴan uwa | |||
| Mahaifi | Kimnyole | ||
| Sana'a | |||
| Sana'a | Mai kare Haƙƙin kai | ||
TheKoitalel arap Samoei (c.1860 - 19 Oktoba 1905) ya kasance ɗan ƙabilar Orkoiyot wanda ya jagoranci mutanen Nandi daga shekarun 1890 har zuwa kisan da aka yi masa a shekarar 1905. Orkoiyot suna da matsayi mai tsarki da na musamman a cikin mutanen Nandi da Kipsigis na Kenya. Ya riƙe muƙamai biyu na shugaban ruhaniya da na soja, kuma yana da ikon yin yanke shawara game da batutuwan tsaro musamman yin yaƙi da tattaunawa don zaman lafiya. Koitalel shine babban shugaban Mutanen Nandi na Kenya. Ya jagoranci yaki na Nandi a kan 'yan Mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya.
Rayuwar farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Koitalel Samoei ga Kimnyole arap Turukat a Samitui a Aldai. Shi ne na huɗu cikin 'ya'ya biyar (Siratei arap Simbolei shine ƙaramin ɗan Kimnyole) kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar Kaplelach da aka saita na Nandi. ya kasance a gwargwadon rahoto kusa da mahaifinsa kuma ya nuna mafi girman ikon fahimtar alamun annabci.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Kimnyole, wanda aka ce ya yi hasashen mutuwar Koitalel, an bayar da rahoton cewa, ya kira ‘ya’yansa maza biyar a lokacin da ya ga yadda mutuwarsa ke gabatowa, ya kuma buƙaci su tuntubi masana’antun gargajiya a cikin tukunya. Samoei, da kallon cikin tukunyar, ya zare takobinsa don nuna rashin amincewa da zuwan Turawa.
Kimnyole ya ga hadari a jarumtar ɗansa da kuma damuwa da lafiyarsa, ya aika da 'yan'uwan Koitalel uku su zauna a cikin Kipsigis yayin da aka nemi Samoei ya je ya zauna a cikin mutanen Tugen.[1]
Hawa zuwa Mulki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Bayan mutuwar Kimnyole, wani ɓangare na mutanen Nandi ya aika da Koitalel wanda ya riga ya sami mafaka a cikin mutanen Keiyo.[2] Ɗan uwan Koitalel, Kipchomber arap Koilege, shi ma ya yi ikirarin shugabancin Nandi, wanda ya haifar da takaddamar maye gurbinsa. Ɓangarorin da suka kunno kai a kusa da 'yan takarar biyu kuma an yi arangama a tsakanin magoya bayansu amma hakan bai kai ga yakin basasa ba. Takaddamar dai ta kare ne da shan kayen da Kipchomber Arap Koilege ya yi a shekarar 1895, bayan da ya gudu zuwa Kipsigis tare da magoya bayansa, ya zama Kipsigis Orgoiyot na farko.[3]
An naɗa Koitalel magajin mahaifinsa,[4] kuma an naɗa shi Orkoiyot a cikin shekarar 1895.[5]
Lokacin da gwamnatin 'yan mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya ta fara gina layin dogo na Uganda ta yankin Nandi, Koitalel ya jagoranci yunkurin tawaye na tsawon shekaru goma sha ɗaya kan hanyar dogo.
Kisa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Don kawo ƙarshen adawar, jami'in leken asirin Richard Meinertzhagen wanda yanzu ya cika wulakanci ya gayyaci Koitalel zuwa taron sulhun zaman lafiya bayan ya jagoranci tawaye ga mamayar da Turawan mulkin mallaka suka yi wa Nandi. Za a yi taron zaman lafiya da karfe 11:00 na safe ranar Alhamis 19 ga watan Oktoba, 1905. Da yake zargin cewa za a kashe shi kamar yadda mahaifinsa Kimnyole ya annabta, Samoei ya umurci Meinertzhagen ya zo tare da abokansa biyar su same shi a Ketbarak (Nandi Bears Club na yanzu). Samoei ne zai zo da masu tsinkaya guda biyar.[6]
Saɓanin yarjejeniyar, Meinertzhagen ya yi tattaki daga sansanin Kaptumo tare da mutane 80 ɗauke da makamai, 75 daga cikinsu sun ɓoye a kusa da wurin taron. An bayar da rahoton cewa lokacin da Koitalel ya miƙa hannunsa don musafaha da na Meinertzhagen, ya kashe Koitalel da harbin da ba a taɓa gani ba. Bayan haka, an yi iƙirarin cewa ya kuma yanke kan Koitalel kuma ya aika wasu sassan jikin Koitalel zuwa Ingila. [7] Wannan ya haifar da ƙarshen Resistance Nandi. Da farko, Meinertzhagen ya iya rufawa abin da ya aikata daga hukumomin mulkin mallaka, kuma an yaba masa kan lamarin. Duk da haka, bayan da labarin abin da ya faru ya zama sananne, Meinertzhagen ya yi ikirarin kare kansa a wani bincike, kuma a ƙarshe, bayan kotu ta uku na bincike, shugaban jami'in, Brig. William Manning. Duk da haka, matsin lamba daga Sashen Mulkin Mallaka kan Ofishin Yaƙi ya haifar da korar Meinertzhagen daga Afirka.
Nasara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ɗan uwansa, Kipeles arap Kimnyole (aka Tamasun), ya gaje shi yayin da ɗansa, Barsirian arap Manyei (an haife shi a shekara ta 1894), daga baya zai zama shugaban Nandi daga shekarun 1919 har zuwa 1922 lokacin da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya ta tsare shi.[8] Ba a sake Barsirian ba sai a shekara ta 1964, bayan samun 'yancin kai, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama fursunonin siyasa mafi daɗewa a tarihin Kenya.
Martaba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Koitalel ya kasance dawwama a matsayin gwarzo na ƙasa kuma fitaccen jagora a tsakanin al'ummar Kalenjin. An gina wani kabari don Koitalel arap Samoei a Nandi Hills, Kenya. Ginin Jami'ar Koitaleel Arap Samoei ta ƙasa da ƙananan hukumomi tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Nairobi na ci gaba a Mosoriot da Nandi Hills, Kenya. Makarantar Sakandare ta Koitaleel Samoei da ke garin Nandi Hills ana kiranta da sunan sa don tunawa da jagorancinsa.
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jerin sarakunan Nandi
- Nandi Resistance
- Koitaleel Samoei University College
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ The Standard, October 19, 2013; Too., T., Koitalel Samoei: Nandi legend who fought colonialists.
- ↑ The Standard, October 19, 2013; Too., T., Koitalel Samoei: Nandi legend who fought colonialists.
- ↑ Arap Lagat, A.K, The Historical Process of Nandi Movement into the Uasin Gishu District of the Kenya Highlands: 1906-1963., University of Nairobi, 1995
- ↑ Kalenjin Online. Samfuri:Usurped
- ↑ EastAfrican, December 5, 2008: Murder that shaped the future of Kenya
- ↑ "Forgotten History: Kenya's Koitalel arap Samoei". Boxscore.
- ↑ "Forgotten History: Kenya's Koitalel arap Samoei". Boxscore.
- ↑ Hollis A.C, The Nandi - Their Language and Folklore. The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1909, p. 50