Korniliyus "Bad da aka yi wa giwi

Korniliyus "Bad da aka yi wa giwi
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	1931
Mutuwa	2008
Sana'a

Givens a wani taro na Eugene McCarthy a Madison Square Garden, Mayu 19, 1968

Cornelius "Cornbread" Givens (1931-2008), wanda aka fi sani da Cornbread Givens, ya kasance jagora ne na kare hakkin bil'adama kuma mai ba da shawara ga hadin gwiwa. An kuma san shi da Ba'amurke na farko da ya yi takarar magajin gari na babban birni na Amurka, Jersey City, New Jersey .

Rayuwa ta farko

A shekara ta 1931, an haifi Givens a Birnin Jersey . Daga shekaru 15 zuwa 18, an tura shi a Kudancin Pacific. A shekara ta 1952, shi da Alma Montgomery sun yi aure. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Kevin da Pamela . A farkon shekarun 1960, Givens ya mallaki kasuwancin kansa na gyaran gida.

Ayyuka

A shekara ta 1961, Givens ya fara aikinsa na siyasa a cikin New Frontier Political Democratic Club, wanda ya fara gudanar da 'yan takarar siyasa na Afirka. A shekara ta 1963, Givens ya zama shugaban kulob din kuma ya yi alkawarin gudanar da dan Afirka na Amurka don zama magajin gari na Jersey City a cikin shekaru biyu. A shekarar 1965, Givens ya tsaya takarar magajin gari na Jersey City . Dandalin kamfen dinsa ya haɗa da masana'antun da 'yan Afirka na Amurka ke gudanarwa, littattafan tarihi da ke nuna kyakkyawar fahimtar gudummawar' yan Afirka na Amurka, kudade don gyara unguwanni da gina hadin gwiwar matsakaicin matsayi, da kuma kula da haya. Ya zo na shida daga cikin masu fafatawa bakwai.

Givens ya ba da ransa don gina kungiyoyin yaki da talauci da talakawa ke gudanarwa kamar shi. Ya ce, "Wata rana lokacin da nake da shekaru 13, na yi rashin lafiya sosai har na yi kuka. Na yi rantsuwa cewa ƙarni na gaba ba zai jimre abin da ya sha wahala ba".Daga shekara ta 1964, ya yi aiki ga CAN DO, kungiyar yaki da talauci wacce ke horar da yara maza matasa don yin gini. Daga nan, ya kafa Kungiyar Talauci ta Rehabilitation (POOR) da Grass Rooters da ke sha'awar kawar da talauci (GRIPE).

Givens ya zama jagora a cikin Yakin Talakawa . Magajin garin John Lindsey ya nada Givens New York mai kula da yakin. A lokacin Resurrection City, wata kungiya ta launin fata, ciki har da Givens, ta yanke shawarar cewa matalauta na Amurka suna buƙatar "ofishin jakadancin" nasa, Ofishin Jakadancin Talakawa a Washington, DC. Daga wannan ofishin jakadancin, Givens ya kaddamar da Gidauniyar Ci gaban Talakawa (PPDF), wanda ke neman taimakawa al'ummomin matalauta ci gaba da hadin gwiwa. Daga 1969, Givens ya kasance shugaban kasa kuma kwamitin ya hada da mai fafutukar Chicano Reies Tijerina, mai fafutuka na asali Tillie Walker, da Black Panther Mark Comfort . A shekara ta 1971, PPDF ta yi aiki a kan kafa hadin gwiwar gona a Kudu da kuma haɗa su da masu amfani da arewa, da kuma tallafawa kula da al'umma na kokarin sabunta birane a Birnin Chicago. Kungiyoyin hadin gwiwar gona sun kafa ne don mayar da martani ga adawa da Dokar 'Yancin Zabe ta 1965. An kori manoman da ke zaune a kudancin da suka yanke shawarar yin rajista don yin zabe, don ramawa, daga gonakin da ke zaune. Givens da PPDF sun yi aiki don haɗa hadin gwiwar manoma na Kudancin tare da hadin gwiwoyin abinci masu amfani, kasuwanni na manoma, shagunan abinci na kiwon lafiya, da ɗakunan ajiya, waɗanda ya kafa a kusa da Newark, NJ da Birnin New York. Mambobin PPDF sun kai abinci zuwa Newark da Birnin New York don a sayar da su a kasuwannin manoma da shagunan abinci na kiwon lafiya.

Lokacin da aka zabi magajin gari Marion Barry a matsayin magajin gari na Washington, DC, Givens ya koma Washington, DC. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1980, Barry ya sanya Givens shugaban sabon kwamishinansa kan Ci gaban Tattalin Arziki, wanda ke da niyyar sanya Washington, DC, birni na zanga-zanga don ci gaban hadin gwiwa. Givens ya yi la'akari da hadin gwiwa a matsayin hanyar da za a samar da ikon tattalin arziki da siyasa tsakanin mazauna masu karamin karfi da matsakaici. Givens ya kirkiro tsarin ci gaba gaba gaba gaba wanda kowace al'umma za ta sami: 1) hadin gwiwar masu samarwa (musamman mahimmanci ga ƙirƙirar aiki, 2) hadin gwiwoyin masu amfani, 3) ƙungiyoyin bashi, 4) hadin gwiwan gidaje masu karamin karfi, da 5) hadin gwiwarsa ta al'umma da riba daga sauran hadin gwiwa ke tallafawa don haɓaka shirye-shiryen zamantakewa kamar makarantu, asibitoci, da cibiyoyin ci gaban yara. Ya fahimci waɗannan hadin gwiwar suna aiki tare. Wannan samfurin zai kuma buƙaci taimako a matakin ƙasa, kamar daga Bankin hadin gwiwa na kasa, wanda ya taimaka wajen kafa.

A cikin 1985, Givens ya gaya wa jami'an FBI game da kwangilar karya cewa ma'aikacin gwamnatin DC Ivanhoe Donaldson ya gudana ta hanyar kungiyar Givens. Daga bisani aka yanke wa Donaldson hukuncin shekaru bakwai saboda cin hanci da rashawa kuma aka ci tarar ta. Ba a taba tuhumar Givens da wani laifi ba.

Givens ya shafe sauran rayuwarsa yana ba da shawara ga hadin gwiwa. Magajin garin DC Sharon Pratt Dixon ya taimaka wa Givens ta kafa Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Gundumar Columbia .