Kudin yanayi a Kenya
 Kudin yanayi a Kenya | |
|---|---|
aspect in a geographic region (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Fuskar | Kudin yanayi |
| Ƙasa | Kenya |
| Muhimmin darasi | Kudin yanayi |
Kudin yanayi a Kenya yana da mahimmanci don cimma burin yanayi da tabbatar da ci gaban tattalin arziki mai ɗorewa. Ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin samar da kudade na kasa da na cikin gida, Kenya na iya ci gaba da jagoranta a cikin makamashi mai sabuntawa, daidaita yanayin yanayi, da kuma gina tattalin arziki mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya tsayayya da tasirin Canjin yanayi.
Gudummawar da aka ƙayyade a ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kenya wata jam'iyya ce ga Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC), Yarjejeniyar Kyoto da Yarjejeniyar Paris . Gudummawar da aka ƙayyade a cikin ƙasa [1] shine don kauce wa iskar gas [2] (GHG) da kashi 32% nan da 2030 dangane da yanayin kasuwanci-kamar yadda aka saba (BAU) a farashin da aka tsara na dala biliyan 62.
Dangane da sabuntawa na National Determined Contribution (NDC) [3] da aka gabatar ga UNFCCC a cikin 2020, Kenya ta yi alkawarin tattara albarkatu don biyan 13% na kasafin kuɗi, kuma za ta buƙaci tallafin duniya don 87% na kasafin kuɗin.
Manufofin da tsarin shari'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An yi kokari sosai don la'akari da sauyin yanayi a cikin shirye-shiryen kasar, manufofi, dabarun, ayyukan da shirye-shirye. Babban manufofin shine Kenya Vision 2030, [4] wanda shine tsarin ci gaba na dogon lokaci wanda ke kunshe da shirye-shirye da ayyukan da ke da fannoni na daidaitawa da ragewa.
Sauran mahimman manufofi sun haɗa da dabarun amsawar canjin yanayi na kasa (NCCRS), 2010; [5] wanda shine takardar manufofin kasa ta farko game da canjin yanayi. Manufarta ita ce inganta hadewar canjin yanayi a cikin dukkan tsare-tsaren gwamnati da kasafin kudi. Don aiwatar da NCCRS, an shirya Shirin Ayyukan Canjin Yanayi na Kasa (NCCAP) , wannan shiri ne na shekaru biyar wanda ke tsara hanyar zuwa ga ci gaban yanayin yanayi na carbon.[6] Tun daga shekara ta 2013, kasar ta samu nasarar aiwatar da shirye-shiryen aiki guda biyu kuma a halin yanzu tana bunkasa NCCAP na uku wanda zai gudana har zuwa 2027.
Don samar da tsarin doka don canjin yanayi, an kafa Dokar Canjin Yanayi [7] a cikin 2016. Dokar ta kafa tsarin mulki don gudanar da canjin yanayi a kasar ciki har da Majalisar Canjin Yanayi ta Kasa wacce ke da alhakin kulawa da daidaitawa kuma Mai Girma, Shugaban Jamhuriyar Kenya ne ke jagoranta.[8] Sauran manufofi masu tallafawa sun haɗa da Manufofin Kasa kan Kudi na Yanayi; [7] Tsarin Tattalin Arziki da Shirin Aiwatarwa; da Dokar Canjin Yanayi, 2016.[9][10]
Bukatar kudade na gwamnati
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gwamnatin Kenya ta kiyasta cewa an kiyasta dala biliyan 62 don aiwatar da NDC na Kenya (mataki da daidaitawa) a cikin 2020 - 2030. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don ayyukan ragewa shine US $ 17.7 biliyan, yayin da albarkatun da ake buƙatu don ayyukan daidaitawa shine US US $ 43.9 biliyan har zuwa shekara ta 2030.[11]
Kenya tana da matukar damuwa ga canjin yanayi kuma tuni tana jin tasirin tare da karuwar bala'o'in da suka shafi yanayi, kamar fari da ambaliyar ruwa. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru an kiyasta su haifar da nauyin tattalin arziki na 2-2.8% na babban samfurin cikin gida (GDP) a kowace shekara.
Wannan ya fi dacewa saboda tattalin arziki ya dogara da bangarori masu yawa masu kula da yanayi, kamar noma, ruwa, makamashi, yawon bude ido, namun daji, da kiwon lafiya. Wannan rauni ya kara muni lokacin da kasar ta fuskanci rikice-rikice da yawa, kamar annobar COVID-19, mamayewar fari a cikin 2020 da ambaliyar ruwa a cikin 2024. [12]
Bukatun kudi na yanayi na Kenya sun hada da makamashi, noma, ruwa, da gandun daji. A cikin makamashi, Kenya tana da niyyar sauyawa zuwa hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa, kamar iska, hasken rana, da geothermal, ba kawai don rage sawun carbon ba har ma da tabbatar da tsaro na makamashi. Canjin yana buƙatar saka hannun jari mai yawa a cikin fasahar ababen more rayuwa, da haɓaka iyawa.
A cikin aikin gona, Kenya tana buƙatar canji zuwa ga ayyukan da suka fi ɗorewa da kuma yanayin yanayi. Ana buƙatar saka hannun jari don karɓar fasahar aikin gona mai basira, inganta tsarin kula da ruwa, da ci gaban amfanin gona mai tsayayya da fari don tabbatar da Tsaro na abinci.
Gudun kuɗi na yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin 2018, an saka dala biliyan 2.4 na jama'a da masu zaman kansu a cikin saka hannun jari na yanayi. Wannan kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku ne na kudaden da Kenya ke buƙata a kowace shekara don biyan burin da aka saita a cikin NDC.[13]
Kimanin kashi 78% na kudaden yanayi a Kenya an ba da umarni ga aiwatar da matakan rage sauyin yanayi, yayin da daidaitawa ya kai kashi 12% kawai.[14] An ba da babban kashi na kudaden yanayi na kasa da kasa ta hanyar bashi kuma galibi ana amfani da su don ayyukan ragewa.
Kudin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu galibi daga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne masu zaman kansu. Fiye da masu saka hannun jari 95 suna sarrafa motoci masu tasiri 136 a Kenya. Fiye da dala miliyan 650 na zuba jari masu zaman kansu sun gudana zuwa Kenya tsakanin 2005 da 2015 [15] galibi suna tallafawa ayyukan makamashi mai sabuntawa.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ United Nations, Climate Change. "Kenya First NDC". unfccc.int. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ "Greenhouse gases, facts and information". Environment (in Turanci). 2019-05-13. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ "The Paris Agreement/Nationally Determined Contributions NDCS". unfccc.int. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
- ↑ "Kenya Vision 2030" (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-09-19.
- ↑ "Project: Kenya Climate Change Action Plan: a flagship model for Africa". cdkn.org (in Turanci). 2011-08-01. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ "Kenya's National Climate Change Action Plan 2018-2022: Second Implementation Status Report for the FY 2019/2020". NAP Global Network (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Climate change Act". kenyalaw.org/kl. 13 May 2016.
- ↑ "House Adopts Committee Report on National Climate Change Council Membership". www.parliament.go.ke. Retrieved 2024-09-19.
- ↑ "General Profile | FAOLEX Database". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ Government of Kenya (2016). "Green Economy Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2030: A low carbon, resource efficient, equitable and inclusive socio-economic transformation". Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - ↑ "unfccc". unfccc.int. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
- ↑ "Global Flood Awareness System – GloFAS News". global-flood.emergency.copernicus.eu. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ "The Landscape of Climate Finance in Kenya". CPI (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ "The Landscape of Climate Finance in Kenya". CPI (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-10-25.
- ↑ "Mobilising blended finance for climate investments in Kenya". Business Daily (in Turanci). 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-10-15.