Kula da kai

Kula da kai
	Halin ɗan adam da human activity (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	Kula da lafiya da protective factor (en)
Hannun riga da	autoaggression (en)

Kula da kai
Kula da kai
	Yin tafiya yana da fa'ida don kula da lafiya mai kyau.
MeSH	D012648
	[edit a kan Wikidata]

Kula da kai shine tsari na kafa halaye don tabbatar da cikakkiyar jin daɗin kanka, don inganta kiwon lafiya, da kuma sarrafa rashin lafiya lokacin da ya faru.^[1] Kowane mutum yana shiga cikin wasu nau'ikan kula da kai a kowace rana tare da Zaɓin abinci, motsa jiki, Barci, da tsabta.^[1] Kula da kai ba kawai aikin kai ba ne, kamar yadda al'umma - ƙungiyar da ke tallafawa mutumin da ke kula da kai - gabaɗaya tana taka rawa wajen samun dama, aiwatarwa, da nasarar ayyukan kula da kai.

Kula da kai na yau da kullun yana da mahimmanci lokacin da wani ba ya fuskantar alamun rashin lafiya, amma kula da kai ya zama mahimmanci lokacin da rashin lafiya ya faru.^[2]^[3] Fa'idodin kula da kai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da rigakafin rashin lafiya, inganta lafiyar hankali, da kuma ingantaccen rayuwa.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] Ayyukan kula da kai sun bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Ana ganin kula da kai a matsayin wani bangare na warware karuwar duniya a farashin kiwon lafiya wanda aka sanya a kan gwamnatoci a duk duniya.^[8]

Rashin kula da kai dangane da lafiyar mutum, tsabta da yanayin rayuwa ana kiranta rashin kula da kai. Ana iya buƙatar masu kulawa ko mataimakan kulawa. Akwai karuwar ilimin da ke da alaƙa da waɗannan ma'aikatan kula da gida.^[9]

Kula da kai da Gudanar da kai, kamar yadda Lorig da Holman suka bayyana, ra'ayoyin da ke da alaƙa da juna.^[10] A cikin takarda mai jagora, sun bayyana ayyuka uku na gudanar da kai: gudanar da kiwon lafiya, gudanar da rawar, da gudanar da motsin rai; da kuma ƙwarewar gudanar da kai guda shida: warware matsala, yanke shawara, amfani da albarkatu, kafa haɗin gwiwar mai haƙuri, shirin aiki, da daidaita kai.^[10]

Tarihi

Duk da yake manufar kula da kai ta sami karuwar kulawa tun 2016, tana da asalin tsohuwar. Wasu sun yaba da Socrates a matsayin mai gabatar da kula da kai a tsohuwar Girka, ^[11] ^[12] kuma kula da kai da ƙaunatattun mutane sun kasance tun lokacin da mutane suka bayyana a duniya. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}^{[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2026)">citation needed</span>]}

Amfani da kalmar "kiyaye kai" a cikin Turanci ya fito ne daga akalla 1567; alaƙar kalmar da kiwon lafiya ta bayyana daga 1861.

Mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama kuma mawaki Audre Lorde (1934-1992) ya haɗa kula da kai tare da ƙungiyar mata ta Black. An yi amfani da kula da kai don adana asalin 'yan mata baƙar fata, ƙarfafa gwagwarmayarsu, da adana tunaninsu a lokacin yunkurin kare hakkin bil'adama.

Kula da kai ya kasance ainihin nau'in kiwon lafiya na mutum da na al'umma a duk duniya; ayyukan kula da kai sun bambanta sosai a duniya.^[13] [yana buƙatar ambaton don tabbatarwa] [ana buƙatar tabbatarwa]^[14]

Kula da kai da rashin lafiya

Manazarta

1 2 (Alex ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ "Self-care: What is it? Why is it so important for your health?". UAB News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-29.
↑ "Self-care interventions for health". www.who.int (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-29.
↑ Jonkman, Nini H.; Schuurmans, Marieke J.; Groenwold, Rolf H.H.; Hoes, Arno W.; Trappenburg, Jaap C.A. (2016). "Identifying components of self-management interventions that improve health-related quality of life in chronically ill patients: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis". Patient Education and Counseling. 99 (7): 1087–1098. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.01.022. PMID 26856778.
↑ Jonkman, Nini H.; Schuurmans, Marieke J.; Jaarsma, Tiny; Shortridge-Baggett, Lillie M.; Hoes, Arno W.; Trappenburg, Jaap C.A. (2016). "Self-management interventions: Proposal and validation of a new operational definition". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 80: 34–42. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.08.001. PMID 27531245.
↑ Jonkman, Nini; Westland, Heleen; Trappenburg, Jaap CA; Groenwold, Rolf HH; Bischoff, Erik WMA; Bourbeau, Jean; Bucknall, Christine E.; Coultas, David; Effing, Tanja W.; Epton, Michael; Gallefoss, Frode; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Lloyd, Suzanne M.; Monninkhof, Evelyn M.; Nguyen, Huong Q. (2016). "Do self-management interventions in COPD patients work and which patients benefit most? An individual patient data meta-analysis". International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 11: 2063–2074. doi:10.2147/COPD.S107884. PMC 5012618. PMID 27621612.
↑ World Health Organization. "WHO consolidated guideline on self-care interventions for health". Retrieved 8 September 2021.
↑ Eze, Nkiruka D.; Mateus, Céu; Cravo Oliveira Hashiguchi, Tiago (2020). "Telemedicine in the OECD: An umbrella review of clinical and cost-effectiveness, patient experience and implementation". PLOS ONE. 15 (8). Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1537585E. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237585. PMC 7425977. PMID 32790752.
↑ Sterling, Madeline R.; Barbaranelli, Claudio; Riegel, Barbara; Stawnychy, Michael; Ringel, Joanna Bryan; Cho, Jacklyn; Vellone, Ercole (2020). "The Influence of Preparedness, Mutuality, and Self-efficacy on Home Care Workers' Contribution to Self-care in Heart Failure". Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 37 (2): 146–157. doi:10.1097/JCN.0000000000000768. PMC 8196074 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33315614.
1 2 Lorig, Kate R.; Holman, Halsted R. (August 2003). "Self-management education: History, definition, outcomes, and mechanisms". Annals of Behavioral Medicine (in Turanci). 26 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1207/S15324796ABM2601_01. ISSN 0883-6612. PMID 12867348. S2CID 3678991.
↑ Taylor, Chris (2019-09-25). "You've been getting self-care all wrong. It's a political act and always has been". Mashable (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-11-29. [...] Socrates allegedly spoke in the last days of his life [...]: '[...] are you not ashamed for devoting all your care to increasing your wealth, reputation, and honors, while not caring for or even considering your reason, truth, and constant improvement of your soul?' [...] His self-care brand was questioning power.
↑ "The Ideas of Socrates" (in Turanci). 2015-03-27. Retrieved 2022-11-29. '…once we know ourselves, we may learn how to care for ourselves, but otherwise we never shall.' (First Alcibiades)
↑ Kecklund, G.; Axelsson, John (2016). "Health consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep". BMJ (in Turanci). 355. doi:10.1136/bmj.i5210. PMID 27803010. S2CID 206912413.
↑ "Self-care is changing health care around the world". Doctors Without Borders - USA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-29.

[hacs-1] 1 2 (Alex ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)

[2] "Self-care: What is it? Why is it so important for your health?". UAB News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-29.

[3] "Self-care interventions for health". www.who.int (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-29.

[:10-4] Jonkman, Nini H.; Schuurmans, Marieke J.; Groenwold, Rolf H.H.; Hoes, Arno W.; Trappenburg, Jaap C.A. (2016). "Identifying components of self-management interventions that improve health-related quality of life in chronically ill patients: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis". Patient Education and Counseling. 99 (7): 1087–1098. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.01.022. PMID 26856778.

[:11-5] Jonkman, Nini H.; Schuurmans, Marieke J.; Jaarsma, Tiny; Shortridge-Baggett, Lillie M.; Hoes, Arno W.; Trappenburg, Jaap C.A. (2016). "Self-management interventions: Proposal and validation of a new operational definition". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 80: 34–42. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.08.001. PMID 27531245.

[:13-6] Jonkman, Nini; Westland, Heleen; Trappenburg, Jaap CA; Groenwold, Rolf HH; Bischoff, Erik WMA; Bourbeau, Jean; Bucknall, Christine E.; Coultas, David; Effing, Tanja W.; Epton, Michael; Gallefoss, Frode; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Lloyd, Suzanne M.; Monninkhof, Evelyn M.; Nguyen, Huong Q. (2016). "Do self-management interventions in COPD patients work and which patients benefit most? An individual patient data meta-analysis". International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 11: 2063–2074. doi:10.2147/COPD.S107884. PMC 5012618. PMID 27621612.

[7] World Health Organization. "WHO consolidated guideline on self-care interventions for health". Retrieved 8 September 2021.

[8] Eze, Nkiruka D.; Mateus, Céu; Cravo Oliveira Hashiguchi, Tiago (2020). "Telemedicine in the OECD: An umbrella review of clinical and cost-effectiveness, patient experience and implementation". PLOS ONE. 15 (8). Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1537585E. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237585. PMC 7425977. PMID 32790752.

[9] Sterling, Madeline R.; Barbaranelli, Claudio; Riegel, Barbara; Stawnychy, Michael; Ringel, Joanna Bryan; Cho, Jacklyn; Vellone, Ercole (2020). "The Influence of Preparedness, Mutuality, and Self-efficacy on Home Care Workers' Contribution to Self-care in Heart Failure". Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 37 (2): 146–157. doi:10.1097/JCN.0000000000000768. PMC 8196074 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33315614.

[:12-10] 1 2 Lorig, Kate R.; Holman, Halsted R. (August 2003). "Self-management education: History, definition, outcomes, and mechanisms". Annals of Behavioral Medicine (in Turanci). 26 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1207/S15324796ABM2601_01. ISSN 0883-6612. PMID 12867348. S2CID 3678991.

[11] Taylor, Chris (2019-09-25). "You've been getting self-care all wrong. It's a political act and always has been". Mashable (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-11-29. [...] Socrates allegedly spoke in the last days of his life [...]: '[...] are you not ashamed for devoting all your care to increasing your wealth, reputation, and honors, while not caring for or even considering your reason, truth, and constant improvement of your soul?' [...] His self-care brand was questioning power.

[12] "The Ideas of Socrates" (in Turanci). 2015-03-27. Retrieved 2022-11-29. '…once we know ourselves, we may learn how to care for ourselves, but otherwise we never shall.' (First Alcibiades)

[:43-13] Kecklund, G.; Axelsson, John (2016). "Health consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep". BMJ (in Turanci). 355. doi:10.1136/bmj.i5210. PMID 27803010. S2CID 206912413.

[14] "Self-care is changing health care around the world". Doctors Without Borders - USA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-29.

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