Kungiyar Mata ta Lithuania
 Kungiyar Mata ta Lithuania | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | ma'aikata |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1905 |
Ƙungiyar Mata ta Lithuania ( Lithuanian ) ita ce ƙungiyar mata ta Lithuania ta farko. Ya kasance mai aiki a lokacin juyin juya halin Rasha na 1905 kuma yayi yakin neman zaben mata da kuma samun 'yancin cin gashin kai na Lithuania a cikin Daular Rasha .
Kafa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin mahallin juyin juya halin, matan Lithuania sun kara kaimi. Dukkan jam'iyyun siyasar Lithuania, Social Democratic Party of Lithuania da Lithuanian Democratic Party, sun goyi bayan zaben mata kuma suna da mambobin mata. A ranar 13 ga Yunin 1905, mata kusan 50 ne suka taru a fadar Zubovai da ke Šiauliai don tattauna halin da mata ke ciki a Lithuania. Sun tattauna kan harkokin mata a Poland da Rasha inda suka tattauna kan ko za su shiga cikin su ko kuma a kafa wata kungiya ta daban. Ba su cimma matsaya ba sai suka kafa cibiyar yada labarai kawai wacce za ta rika tattarawa da yada bayanai kan harkar mata a kasashen waje.
Ranar 6 ga watan Agustan 1905, an zartar da dokar zabe a shirye-shiryen zaben 'yan majalisa zuwa sabuwar gwamnatin Duma ta Rasha . Haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a an ba shi ne kawai ga maza na wasu dukiya. A mayar da martani, mata daga kasashe daban-daban (Lithuania, Yaren mutanen Poland, Yahudawa) sun taru a Vilnius don ƙirƙirar wata doka ta zaɓe da gabatar da ita ga Tsar Nicholas II na Rasha . To sai dai kuma saboda rashin jituwar siyasa game da 'yancin cin gashin kai ga Lithuania, taron ya kare ba tare da cimma matsaya ta hadin gwiwa ba. Kowace ƙasa ta ƙirƙira nasu ƙuduri. Lithuanians sun tattara sa hannun 230 don tallafawa aikin su, sun aika da ita zuwa Tarayyar Rasha don daidaiton mata, kuma an gayyace su zuwa Majalisar Wakilan Mata ta Rasha. Duk waɗannan abubuwan sun sa a kafa ƙungiyar mata ta Lithuania.
An kafa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Lithuania a ranar 22-23 Satumba 1905 a Vilnius . Kwamitin da aka zaba ya hada da Felicija Bortkevičienė, Ona Pleirytė-Puidienė, da Stanislava Landsbergaitė ('yar babbar 'yar Gabrielius Landsbergis-Žemkalnis ). Taron ya amince da shirin kungiyar, wanda ya bukaci:
- 'yancin kai ga Lithuania a cikin iyakokinta na ƙabilanci tare da majalisar ( Seimas ) da aka zaɓa ta hanyar zaɓe na duniya, daidaito, asirce, da kai tsaye (kusan ainihin buƙatun da Babban Seimas na Vilnius ya gabatar a cikin Disamba 1905)
- daidaita hakki ga maza da mata
- bude memba (watau maza da mata an yi maraba da su)
Sai dai kungiyar ba kungiya ce ta doka ba domin ba ta da rajista da hukumomin Tsarist.
Ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin shirinta, kungiyar ta zayyana manufofi da hanyoyin cimma su. Ya so ya shirya martani ga msar tambayar tambayoyi game da daidaito tsakanin jinsi, raya siyasa sani na al'umma a general da kuma mata musamman, agitate ga daidaito yancin via littattafai, kasida, articles, laccoci da sauran hanyoyin duka biyu a birane da yankunan karkara, samar da taimako ga mata neman sana'a ilimi, neman inganta a cikin aiki mata yanayi, kafa sana'a kungiyoyin na mata. An kuma nemi a haɗa da tattaunawa kan batutuwan Lithuania a cikin manhajar karatu . Ƙungiyar ta kafa ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a duk faɗin ƙasar inda ta yi fafatawa da ƙungiyar mata ta Poland don haka dole ne ta ba da shawara ba kawai ga matsalolin mata ba har ma da al'amuran Lithuania.
A ranar 25 ga Satumbar 1905, ƙungiyar ta shirya taron mata masu fafutuka daban-daban a Vilnius. Manufar ita ce fahimtar da shirye-shirye daban-daban da kuma tattauna zabukan da ke tafe a jihar Duma. Wakilai daga kungiyoyin Poland da Yahudawa da kuma kungiyoyi daga wasu garuruwan sun halarci taron. Taron ya yanke shawarar kauracewa zaben tare da yin kira ga masu kada kuri'a da su nemi 'yancin cin gashin kai ga Lithuania da Seimas da aka zaba ta hanyar zabe na duniya, daidaito, sirri da kuma kai tsaye. A ranar 28 ga Satumba an fassara shelar a cikin harsuna uku kuma aka rarraba cikin Vilnius.
Kodayake babu wata ƙungiyar mata daban a Babban Seimas na Vilnius akan 4-5 Disamba 1905, Seimas ya sami halartar mata da yawa kuma Ona Brazauskaitė-Mašiotienė da aka gabatar akan ƙa'idodin daidaitattun haƙƙin da yakamata suyi mulki a Lithuania. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan Seimas, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Lithuania ta shirya taron mata manoma a Latavėnai Manor ( Ankščiai District Municipality ). Matan sun amince su nemi yancin ɗan adam, daidaito tsakanin maza da kuma ilimin yara a cikin yaren Lithuania. A Vilnius, kimanin mata 200 ne suka halarci zanga-zangar da kungiyar ma'aikatan jirgin kasa ta shirya. 'Yan sandan Tsarist sun bincike gidan sakatariyar zanga-zangar Felicija Bortkevičienė . Wannan da sauran danniya sun dakushe yanayin juyin juya hali da ayyukan kungiyoyi daban-daban, amma matan Lithuania sun ci gaba da shiga kungiyar Tarayyar Rasha don daidaiton mata a cikin koke-kokenta na neman zaben mata.
A ranar 23-24 ga Satumba 1907, limaman Katolika na Lithuania sun shirya taron farko na matan Lithuania a Kaunas . Majalisar ta yanke shawarar kafa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Lithuania, amma mata Katolika ba sa son shiga ƙungiya ɗaya tare da masu ra'ayin dimokuradiyya. Saboda haka, sun kafa Ƙungiyar Matan Katolika na Lithuania ( Lithuanian ) wanda aka yi rajista bisa hukuma a ranar 21 ga Maris 1908 daga hukumomin Kovno Governorate . Don haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Lithuania ta rabu gida biyu - Katolika da dimokuradiyya.