Kwalejin Larabci a Alkahira
 Kwalejin Larabci a Alkahira | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Suna a hukumance |
مَجْمَع اللُّغَة الْعَرَبِيَّة بِٱلْقَاهِرَة |
| Iri |
language regulator (en)  da learned society (en) |
| Masana'anta |
higher education (en) |
| Ƙasa | Misra |
| Aiki | |
| Mamba na |
Union of Arab Scientific Language Academies (en) |
| Mulki | |
| Shugaba |
Abdel Wahab Abdel Hafez (en) |
| Hedkwata | Kairo |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1932 |
 | |
Cibiyar Nazarin Harshen Larabci a Alkahira ( Arabic ) wata makarantar koyon harsuna ta Larabci ce da aka kafa a Alkahira, Masar a shekarar 1932 ta Fuad I na Masar . [1] Tana buga Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir ( Babban Kamus ) da Al-Mu'jam al-Wasīt ( Kamus na Tsakiya ), biyu daga cikin manyan ƙamus na harshen Larabci . [2] [3] [4]
Suna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kafa ta ne a matsayin Makarantar Sarauta ta Harshen Larabci ( مجمع اللغة العربية الملكي majma' al-lughah al'arabiyyah al-malaki ) a shekarar 1932. A shekarar 1938, ta zama Kwalejin Harshe ta Fu'ad I. [5] Bayan motsi na 'yancin jami'ai na 1952 da kuma ƙarshen masarautar, ta zama Kwalejin Harshen Larabci. [5]
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sakataren dindindin na farko na makarantar, Mansur Fahmi, wanda aka rubuta a wata kasida mai suna [Tarihin Makarantar] ( تاريخ المجمع ), wanda aka buga a fitowar farko ta mujallar makarantar ( مجلة مجمع اللغة العربية في القاهرة ) a shekarar 1934, yunƙurin da mazan Larabawa masu rubutu suka yi na kafa cibiyar kula da harshen Larabci—babu ɗaya daga cikinsu da ya yi nasara.
An haifi Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Alkahira ne daga ra'ayoyi da ƙungiyoyi na ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 na Masar, waɗanda suka haɗa da: Musulunci Mai Tsarki, Larabawa Mai Tsarki, da Nahda . An yi masa ƙira da makarantun harsuna a ƙasashen Larabawa da kuma ƙasashen waje, musamman Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna . [6]
Makarantu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 1826, Muhammad Ali ya aika da wani mai ba da shawara kan ilimi daga Masar zuwa Faransa, ciki har da Rifa'a at-Tahtawi, wanda daga baya ya gabatar da shawarar kafa Madrasat al-Alsun a shekara ta 1836. Dar al-Ulum, wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 1872, ya ilmantar da malaman Azhari a fannin kimiyyar zamani. [6] ] Ayyukan fassara da cibiyoyi irin waɗannan suka samar sun gabatar da wasu daga cikin matsalolin zamani na farko ga harshen Larabci. [6]
Matsi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Muhammad Ali ya kafa kamfanin buga jaridun Amiri ko Bulaq, ita ce ta farko a kasar Masar a shekara المطبعة الأهلية القبطية a 1860, Wadi an-Nil ( مطبعة وادي النيل ) a shekara ta 1866, Gam'iyyat al-Ma'arif ( جمعية المعارف a shekara ta 1868, al-Ahram ( الأهرام ) a 1875, Sharikat Tab' al-Kutub al-'Arabiya ( شركة طبع الكتب العربية ) 1898. [6]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gabatar da shawarar kafa makarantar koyon harsuna a Majalisar Dokokin Masar a shekarar 1928-1929.
A ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1932 (14 ga Sha'aban na 1351 na Hijira ), an kafa Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Alkahira bisa umarnin sarauta da aka bayar daga Fadar Abdeen, gidan Fuad na 1 na Masar . Haka kuma, akwai Shugaban Majalisar Ministoci Ismail Sidky, Ministan Ilimi Muhammad Hilmi Isa, da kuma wataƙila tsohon ministan ilimi Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed da Mansur Fahmi . [6] Kundin tsarin mulkinta ya samo asali ne daga kundin tsarin mulkin Académie Française . [6]
An kafa Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Alkahira ne don magance matsalolin gaggawa da harshen Larabci ke fuskanta da kuma daidaita shi don dacewa da buƙatun ƙarni na 20. Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko na Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Alkahira shine buga ƙamus na tarihi na Larabci, yana bin diddigin canje-canjen ma'anoni da amfani da kalmomin Larabci akan lokaci, kodayake ba a cimma hakan ba. [1]
Zaɓen membobin da suka kafa ƙungiyar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sarki Fuad na ɗaya na Masar —wanda yake son a samar da cibiya mai kama da gwamnatinsa, dangane da kimiyyar zamani da muradun cikin gida da na waje—ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen zaɓen membobin makarantar. Malamai, malamai, da masana da ya zaɓa sun kasance masu ra'ayin zamani da kuma masu biyayya ga siyasa, masu matsakaicin ra'ayi, ko kuma masu tsaka-tsaki. [6] Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
Hedkwata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin da aka kafa Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Alkahira, an gina ta a fadar Hussain Riad da ke lamba 1 a Titin Ibn Arhab a Giza, a gaban Jami'ar Masar (yanzu Jami'ar Alkahira ). [1] Daga baya ta koma 110 El Qasr El Einy Street [ar], wani gini da aka rushe don gina banki. [1] Daga ƙarshe ya koma wani gida mai lamba 26 Murad St a Giza. [1]
Bikin rantsar da shugaban ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Muhammad Hilmi Isa Pasha ne ya ƙaddamar da Kwalejin Harshen Larabci da ke Alkahira a ranar 30 ga Janairu, 1934 (14 ga Shawwal 1352 na Hijira), tare da dukkan membobin makarantar, ban da Hassan Husni Abd al-Wahhab .
Gyaran rubutun Larabci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekarar 1936, makarantar, wacce ta samo asali daga matsalolin da suka taso wajen fassara sunaye a cikin rubutun Turai zuwa Larabci, ta tattauna yiwuwar gyara rubutun Larabci. An ƙara faɗaɗa wannan tattaunawar a shekarar 1938 dangane da wahalar buga wasalai a cikin Larabci a lokacin. [7] An buga tattaunawar don jawo hankalin masu sauraro da yawa, kuma a shekarar 1945 an sanar da wata gasa mai kyautar £E 1,000 wacce ke kira da a gabatar da shawarwari. [7] Tattaunawar ta ci gaba tsawon shekaru da dama amma babu wani shiri na gyaran rubutun Larabci da aka amince da shi. [7] Duk da haka, waɗannan tattaunawar sun haifar da ma'anar پ pe da ڤ ve don wakiltar p da v . [7]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "المعجم التاريخي للعربية.. ضوء في عتمة الهوان". Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية (in Larabci). 2020-11-15. Retrieved 2021-03-31. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "مجمع اللغة العربية!". بوابة الأهرام. Retrieved 2021-03-31.
- ↑ Laatar, Rim; Aloulou, Chafik; Hadrich Belguith, Lamia (2022-03-01). "Towards a historical dictionary for Arabic language". International Journal of Speech Technology (in Turanci). 25 (1): 29–41. doi:10.1007/s10772-020-09704-z. ISSN 1572-8110. S2CID 219496306.
- ↑ von Grunebaum, G. E. (1959). "Review of Al-Muʿjam al-kabīr, Murad Kāmil, Ibrāhīm al-Ibyārī". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 18 (2): 157–159. doi:10.1086/371525. ISSN 0022-2968. JSTOR 543279.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cite error: Invalid
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