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Kwayar cutar Ljungan

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Kwayar cutar Ljungan
Scientific classification
KingdomOrthornavirae (mul) Orthornavirae
PhylumPisuviricota (mul) Pisuviricota
ClassPisoniviricetes (mul) Pisoniviricetes
OrderPicornavirales (mul) Picornavirales
DangiPicornaviridae (mul) Picornaviridae
GenusParechovirus (mul) Parechovirus
jinsi Parechovirus B
ID ɗin "{{{1}}}" ba sananne bane ga tsarin. Da fatan za a yi amfani da ID mai inganci.,

An fara gano Kwayar cutar Ljungan a tsakiyar shekarun 1990 bayan an ware ta daga wani banki kusa da kogin Ljungan da ke cikin gundumar Medelpad, Sweden.[1] Tun daga wannan lokacin an tabbatar da cewa kwayar cutar Ljungan, wacce aka samu a wurare da yawa a Turai da Amurka, tana haifar da mummunar cuta a cikin daji da dabbobi na dakin gwaje-gwaje.[2][3][4][5] Labaran kimiyya da yawa kwanan nan sun ba da rahoton binciken da ke nuna cewa kwayar cutar Ljungan tana da alaƙa da nakasa, mutuwar jariri, da kuma mutuwar jariri ba zato ba tsammani a cikin mutane.[6][7][8][9] Bugu da kari, ana gudanar da bincike a duk duniya don bincika yiwuwar alaƙar kwayar cutar zuwa Ciwon sukari, jijiyoyi da sauran cututtuka a cikin mutane.[10][11]

Kwayar cutar Ljungan tana cikin jinsin Parechovirus na dangin Picornaviridae . Sauran mambobin wannan dangin kwayar cuta sun haɗa da Kwayar cutar shan inna, kwayar cutar Hepatitis A, da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da sanyi na yau da kullun (rhinovirus). [12] Ɗaya daga cikin binciken kimiyya na farko game da kwayar cutar Ljungan shine cewa karnuka masu kamuwa da cutar sun kamu da ciwon sukari idan sun fuskanci damuwa.[13] Wannan ya haifar da hasashe cewa wannan cuta na iya zama ainihin dalilin sauyawa na yawan dabbobi a Scandinavia; lokacin da dabbobi suka karu zuwa babban taro, suna samun wahalar kare yankin da samun abinci, sannan su zama masu saukin kamuwa da farauta. Wannan halin da ake ciki yana haifar da cututtuka, mutuwa da raguwar yawan jama'a, wanda ke haifar da tsarin bambancin cyclic a cikin yawan jama'ar a tsawon lokaci.[3]

Rarrabawar kwayar cuta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kwayar cutar Ljungan tana da ma'ana mai kyau, kwayar cutar RNA guda ɗaya.[14] Kwayar cutar Ljungan kwayar cuta ce da ke dauke da kwayar cutaa ta waje. Wannan harsashi na waje, ko capsid ya ƙunshi sunadarai da aka kafa a cikin tsarin icosahedral. Ba kamar sauran ƙwayoyin cuta ba, kwayar cutar Ljungan tana da wasu sunadarai da ke fitowa kuma suna da kyau daga sauran sunadarai.[15]

Wannan hoton misali ne na yadda kwayar furotin capsid ta icosahedral zata iya zama. Wannan ba ainihin tsari ne na kwayar cutar Ljungan capsid shell ba, misali ne mai kyau, na yadda za'a iya tara sunadarai na capsid.

Kaddamarwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Lokacin da kwayar cutar ke maimaitawa a cikin sel, yawanci tana amfani da hanyoyin da suka riga sun kasance a cikin tantanin halitta don maimaita bayanan genomic. Koyaya, ba kamar sauran ƙwayoyin cuta ba, kwayar cutar Ljungan ba ta rufe ikon tantanin halitta gaba ɗaya don sake maimaita bayanan genomic nata. Ana kiyaye kira na furotin kuma ba a katse shi a cikin tantanin halitta ba. Ci gaba da kirkirar furotin yana ba da damar kwayar cutar ta hana kwayar halitta ta al'ada, amma har yanzu yana ba da izinin fassarar ribosome mai dogara. Shafin farko don maimaitawa ana zaton yana cikin gastrointestinal da numfashi.[1]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Niklasson, B.; Hörnfeldt, Birger; Hörling, Jan; et al. (1999). "A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus)". Virology. 255 (1): 86–93. doi:10.1006/viro.1998.9557. PMID 10049824.
  2. ↑ Main, A.J.; R.E. Shope & R.C. Wallis (1976). "Characterization of Whitney's Clethrionomys gapperi virus isolates from Massachusetts". J Wildl Dis. 12 (2): 154–64. doi:10.7589/0090-3558-12.2.154. PMID 6801. S2CID 31369232.
  3. 1 2 Niklasson, B.; Feinstein, Ricardo E.; Samsioe, Annika; et al. (2006). "Diabetes and myocarditis in voles and lemmings at cyclic peak densities--induced by Ljungan virus?". Oecologia. 150 (1): 1–7. Bibcode:2006Oecol.150....1N. doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0493-1. PMID 16868760. S2CID 22311201. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "pmid16868760" defined multiple times with different content.
  4. ↑ Samsioe, A.; Saade, George; Sjöholm, Åke; et al. (2006). "Intrauterine death, fetal malformation, and delayed pregnancy in Ljungan virus-infected mice". Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology. 77 (4): 251–56. doi:10.1002/bdrb.20083. PMID 16894624.
  5. ↑ Salisbury, A. M.; Begon, M.; Dove, W.; Niklasson, B.; Stewart, J. P. (2013). "Ljungan virus is endemic in rodents in the UK". Archives of Virology. 159 (3): 547–51. doi:10.1007/s00705-013-1731-6. PMID 23665770. S2CID 15595591.
  6. ↑ Niklasson, B.; Schønecker, Bryan; Bildsøe, Mogens; et al. (2003). "Development of type 1 diabetes in wild bank voles associated with islet autoantibodies and the novel ljungan virus". Int J Exp Diabesity Res. 4 (1): 35–44. doi:10.1080/15438600303733. PMC 2480497. PMID 12745669.
  7. ↑ Niklasson, B.; Papadogiannakis, Nikos; Gustafsson, Susanne; et al. (2009). "Zoonotic Ljungan virus associated with central nervous system malformations in terminated pregnancy". Birth Defects Res. A. 85 (6): 542–55. doi:10.1002/bdra.20568. PMID 19180651.
  8. ↑ Niklasson, B.; Hörnfeldt, Birger; Klitz, William (2009). "Sudden infant death syndrome and Ljungan virus". Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 5 (4): 274–9. doi:10.1007/s12024-009-9086-8. PMID 19408134. S2CID 25470667.
  9. ↑ Niklasson, B.; et al. (2007). "Association of zoonotic Ljungan virus with intrauterine fetal deaths". Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology. 79 (6): 488–93. doi:10.1002/bdra.20359. PMID 17335057.
  10. ↑ Jääskeläinen AJ, Nurminen N, Kolehmainen P, Smura T, Tauriainen S, Toppari J, Ilonen J, Veijola R, Knip M, Hyöty H, Vapalahti O, Kallio-Kokko H (March 2019). "No Association Between Ljungan Virus Seropositivity and the Beta-cell Damaging Process in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study Cohort". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 38 (3): 314–316. doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000002201. PMID 30346370. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help)
  11. ↑ Fevola C, Kuivanen S, Smura T, Vaheri A, Kallio-Kokko H, Hauffe HC, Vapalahti O, Jääskeläinen AJ (March 2018). "Seroprevalence of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Ljungan virus in Finnish patients with suspected neurological infections". J Med Virol. 90 (3): 429–425. doi:10.1002/jmv.24966. PMID 28976562.
  12. ↑ Joki-Korpela, P.; T. Hyypia (2001). "Parechoviruses, a novel group of human picornaviruses". Ann Med. 33 (7): 466–71. doi:10.3109/07853890109002095. PMID 11680794. S2CID 37499760.
  13. ↑ Schoenecker, B.; K.E. Heller & T. Freimanis (2000). "Development of stereotypies and polydipsia in wild caught bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) and their laboratory-bred offspring. Is polydipsia a symptom of diabetes mellitus?". Appl Anim Behav Sci. 68 (4): 349–357. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00108-8. PMID 10844158.
  14. ↑ Harvala, H.; Simmonds, P. (2009). "Human parechoviruses: Biology, epidemiology and clinical significance". Journal of Clinical Virology. 45 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2009.03.009. ISSN 1386-6532. PMID 19372062.
  15. ↑ Zhu, Ling; Wang, Xiangxi; Ren, Jingshan; Porta, Claudine; Wenham, Hannah; Ekström, Jens-Ola; Panjwani, Anusha; Knowles, Nick J.; Kotecha, Abhay; Siebert, C. Alistair; Lindberg, A. Michael (2015-10-08). "Structure of Ljungan virus provides insight into genome packaging of this picornavirus". Nature Communications. 6 (1): 8316. Bibcode:2015NatCo...6.8316Z. doi:10.1038/ncomms9316. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 4633645. PMID 26446437.
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