L. L. Zamenhof
L. L. Zamenhof (15 Disamba 1859 - 14 Afrilu 1917) [b] shi ne mahaliccin Esperanto, harshen da aka fi amfani da shi na duniya.
Zamenhof ya buga Esperanto a 1887, kodayake ra'ayoyinsa na farko sun samo asali ne daga 1873. Ya girma yana sha'awar ra'ayin duniya ba tare da yaƙi ba kuma ya yi imanin cewa wannan na iya faruwa tare da taimakon sabon harshe na taimako na duniya (IAL). An yi amfani da harshe a matsayin kayan aiki don tara mutane tare ta hanyar tsaka-tsaki, adalci, sadarwa mai adalci. Ya samu nasarar kafa al'umma wacce ta tsira har zuwa yau, duk da Yaƙe-yaƙe na Duniya na karni na 20 da kuma ƙoƙari daban-daban na sake fasalin harshe ko ƙirƙirar IALs na zamani (Esperanto kanta ta maye gurbin wani harshe mai irin wannan motsi, Volapük).[1] Bugu da ƙari, Esperanto ya ci gaba kamar sauran harsuna: ta hanyar hulɗa da kerawa na masu amfani da shi.
Sunan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Zamenhof ya fito ne daga yankin da ke da harsuna da yawa. An fassara sunansa kamar haka:
- English: Louis Lazarus Zamenhof – English pronunciation: /ˈzæmənhɒf, ˈzæmɪnhɒf, -nɒv, -nɒf/
- Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhof – eo
- French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – fr
- German: Ludwig (Levi) Lazarus Zamenhof – de
- Hebrew: אליעזר (לודוויג) זמנהוף, romanized: Eli'ezer Ludvig Zamenhof – he
- Lithuanian: Liudvikas Lazaris (Leizeris) Zamenhofas
- Polish: Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof – pl
- Russian: Людвик Лазарь (Лейзер) Маркович Заменгоф, romanized: Lyudvik Lazar' (Leyzer) Markovich Zamengof
- Belarusian: Людвіг Лазар Маркавіч Заменгоф (Заменгоў), romanized: Liudvih Lazar Markavič Zamienhof (Zamienhoŭ)
- Yiddish: לײזער לוי זאַמענהאָף, romanized: Leyzer Leyvi Zamenhof
An haife shi a cikin dangin Ashkenazi, a lokacin haihuwarsa, iyayensa sun ba wa Zamenhof sunan Ibrananci na gama gari Eliezer, wanda aka fassara zuwa Turanci zuwa Lazarus . Duk da haka, tunda yankin wani ɓangare ne na Daular Rasha a lokacin, an rubuta sunansa a takardar shaidar haihuwarsa kamar Лейзер Заменгов , ta amfani da nau'in Yiddish na sunan farko da kuma sigar sunan mahaifinsa mai russified ; takardu da yawa harshen Rashanci daga baya sun haɗa sunan mahaifin Маркович « ɗan Markus » (dangane da mahaifinsa, Markus), kamar yadda al'adar ya tanada a cikin yaren. Sunan iyalinsa asalin Jamus ne kuma an rubuta shi da farko Samenhof ; daga baya aka fassara shi zuwa Yiddish a matsayin זאַמענהאָף, sannan aka sake mayar da shi kamar Zamenhof . Canjin harafin farko daga «S» zuwa «Z» ba sabon abu bane, kamar yadda a Jamusanci ana furta «s» na farko de.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Gobbo, Federico (8 October 2015). "An alternative globalisation: why learn Esperanto today?". University of Amsterdam. Archived from the original on 19 January 2019. Retrieved 17 January 2019.