Laburaren Kasa da Tarihin Masar
 Laburaren Kasa da Tarihin Masar | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Iri |
national library (en)  , national archives (en) da publishing house (en) |
| Ƙasa | Misra |
| Aiki | |
| Mamba na |
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (mul) |
| Mulki | |
| Shugaba |
Osama Talaat (en) |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1870 |
 | |
Gidan karatu da Tarihin Masar (Arabic; "Dar el-Kotob") yana cikin Nilu Corniche, Alkahira kuma shine mafi girman ɗakin karatu a Masar, sannan Jami'ar Al-Azhar da Bibliotheca Alexandrina (Sabon Laburaren Alexandria). Gidan karatu da Tarihin Masar kungiya ce mai zaman kanta.[1]
Gidan karatu na kasa yana da nau'ikan miliyoyin littattafai a kan batutuwa da yawa.[1] Yana daya daga cikin mafi girma a duniya tare da dubban tarin tsohuwar. Ya ƙunshi nau'o'in Larabci da sauran rubuce-rubucen Gabas, mafi tsufa a duniya.[1] Babban ɗakin karatu gini ne mai hawa bakwai a Ramlet Boulaq, gundumar Alkahira. Tarihin Kasa na Masar yana ƙunshe a cikin wani shafi kusa da ginin.
Gidan Tarihi na Kasa, wanda ke cikin wani shafi kusa da ɗakin karatu, yana da tarin tarin abubuwa masu yawa da yawa. Abubuwan da ke hannun jari suna da mahimmanci ga waɗanda ke aiki a tarihin zamantakewa da siyasa na Masar, kodayake ba a buɗe wa jama'a ba.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ministan ayyukan jama'a Ali Pasha Mubarak ne ya gabatar da ɗakin karatu na Masar ga Khedive Ismail a cikin 1870. Laburaren, wanda aka sani da Khedivial Kutub Khana, an fara shi ne a bene na fadar Yarima Mustafa Fadel a Darb Al Gamamiz .
A shekara ta 1889, an tura ɗakin karatu zuwa Salamlek na wannan fadar. Daga baya, Khedive Tawfiq ya ba da umarnin sabon wurin don karɓar bakuncin tarin da ke girma, amma ba a cika wannan ba har sai lokacin Khedive Abbas Helmy II. A cikin 1904 sabon gini a Bab Al Khalq ya buɗe ƙofofinsa ga gidajen jama'a duka National Library da Museum of Islamic Art.
A cikin shekarun 1970s, an gina sabon gini a kan Corniche, tare da wanda ke kusa da shi don ɗakunan ajiya, amma Laburaren Bab Al Khalq har yanzu yana aiki kuma yana da gidan kayan gargajiya.
A ranar Jumma'a, 24 ga Janairu, 2014, bam din mota da aka yi niyyar lalata hedikwatar 'yan sanda a fadin titin daga National Library and Archives ya yi mummunar lalacewa ga ginin da tarin ɗakin karatu. Shugaban ɗakin karatu na kasa da Tarihi Abdul Nasser Hassan ya kiyasta cewa asarar za ta kasance kusan dala miliyan 2.81 a cikin gyare-gyare.[2] An lalata tsarin hasken wuta da iska kuma bangon gine-ginen Neo-Mamluk ya lalace sosai. Nunin da nune-nunen da ke dauke da rubuce-rubuce na dā da papyri a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na ɗakin karatu sun lalace tare da duk kayan gida a cikin ginin. Ma'aikatan kiyayewa a National Library and Archives sun sami damar adana takardun da aka nuna, kodayake sun ci gaba da lalacewa
Abinda ke ciki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tarin sun haɗa da rubuce-rubuce iri-iri na Alkur'ani, waɗanda aka rubuta a kan takarda da takarda. Wasu daga cikinsu sun samo asali ne daga rubutun Kufic na farko. Sauran an rubuta su ne ta hanyar sanannun Masu rubutun kalmomi. Daga kayan Musulunci na Masar, akwai watakila tarin rubuce-rubucen Kur'ani a hannun rubutun Mamluk, kuma a hannun Trilinear da Rayhani. Har ila yau, akwai tarin litattafan Larabci daga shafuka daban-daban a Misira, wasu daga ƙarni na 7 AD ko a baya. Laburaren yana da ma'adinai game da rayuwar zamantakewa da al'adu ta Masar ta farko. Tsohon takardun Farisa da Ottoman suma suna cikin tarin.
Laburaren ya kasance babbar hanyar Masar ta rubuce-rubuce da takardu waɗanda suka haɗa da fiye da 57,000 daga cikin rubuce-buce masu daraja a duniya. Tarin rubutun ya ƙunshi batutuwa da yawa, cikakkun rubuce-rubuce, kwanan wata, da kuma tattara. Har ila yau, yana da adadi mai yawa na papyri na Larabci. Wadannan suna da alaƙa da aure, haya, da kwangilar musayar, da kuma rubuce-rubuce, asusun haraji, rarraba gado, da dai sauransu. Kungiyar papyrus mafi tsufa ta samo asali ne daga shekara AH 87 (AD 705); an buga papyri 444 kawai daga wannan tarin.
Har ila yau, ɗakin karatu yana da babban tarin tsabar Larabci na zamani daga farkon AD 696, waɗanda Stanley Lane-Poole, Bernhardt Moritz da Norman D. Nicol, Jere L. Bacharach da Rifa'at al-Nabarawy suka buga a 1982. Wadannan tarin suna da babban darajar archaeological.[3]
Tarin da Ahmed Taymour Pasha, Ahmed Zaki Pasha, Ahmad Tal'aat Bey da Mustafa Fadel suka kafa duk sun zo ɗakin karatu na kasa a farkon karni na 20.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Laburaren Iskandariya
- Tarihin Kasa na Masar
- Unesco Tunawa da Duniya - Jihohin LarabawaTunawa da World Register - Jihohin Larabawa
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "The National Library and Archives". www.cairo.gov.eg. Archived from the original on 2018-11-05. Retrieved 2018-11-05. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Bomb damages Egypt's National Library and Archives - Islamic - Heritage - Ahram Online". english.ahram.org.eg (in Turanci). Retrieved 2018-11-18.
- ↑ "دار الكتب والوثائق القومية". www.darelkotob.gov.eg. Archived from the original on 2018-11-17. Retrieved 2018-11-18.