Lafiyar jama'a

Lafiyar jama'a
academic discipline (en) da aiki
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	health sciences (en) da Kimiyyar zamantakewa
Fuskar	risk management (en)
Karatun ta	health economics (en)
Gudanarwan	public health scientist (en) da public health physician (en)

Lafiyar jama'a ta haƙori ƙwarewa ce ta likitancin haƙori wanda ke hulɗa da rigakafin cututtukan baki da inganta lafiyar baki. Lafiyar jama'a ta hakora tana da hannu a kimanta mahimman bukatun kiwon lafiya na hakora da kuma samar da ingantaccen mafita don inganta lafiyar hakora na jama'a maimakon mutane.

lafiya jama'a ta haƙori tana neman rage buƙata akan tsarin kiwon lafiya ta hanyar sake tura albarkatun zuwa wuraren da suka fi dacewa. Kasashe a duniya duk suna fuskantar irin wannan batutuwan dangane da cutar hakora. Aiwatar da manufofi da ka'idoji sun bambanta saboda wadatar albarkatu. Hakazalika da lafiyar jama'a, fahimtar abubuwan da ke tasiri ga kiwon lafiya zai taimaka wajen aiwatar da dabarun da suka dace.

Cututtukan da suka shafi hakora galibi ana iya hana su. Sau da yawa ana yin ilimin haƙori na kiwon lafiyar jama'a ta hanyar shirye-shiryen da gwamnati ke tallafawa, yawanci ana jagorantar yara a makarantar jama'a, suna bin ka'idar cewa ilimin farko game da Tsabtace baki shine hanya mafi kyau don isa ga jama'a gaba ɗaya. Misali, ziyarar shekara-shekara ta likitan hakora zuwa makarantar gida don nuna dabarun goge hakora masu kyau. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja] [ana buƙatar hujja]

A cikin shekarun 1970s, wani shirin da ya fi dacewa ya fito. Ya haɗa da mako guda na sa'a ɗaya na koyarwa, zanga-zanga, da tambayoyi da amsoshi, wanda likitan hakora ya gudanar tare da mataimakin likitan hakori kuma ya taimaka wa malamin da aka ba shi sa'o'i da yawa na koyarwa a baya. An kuma yi amfani da shirye-shiryen ilimin kiwon lafiya na haƙori na talabijin, wanda aka ƙarfafa iyaye su kiyaye.

Tarihi

Cutar hakora Cavity 2

Ko da tare da fluoridation da Tsabtace baki, lalacewar hakora har yanzu shine cutar da ta fi dacewa da abinci da ke shafar mutane da yawa. Rashin hakora yana da tasirin tattalin arziki na cututtukan zuciya, kiba da Ciwon sukari.

Abubuwan haɗari na lalacewar hakora sun haɗa da abubuwan da suka shafi jiki, halittu, muhalli, halayyar, da salon rayuwa kamar yawan ƙwayoyin cuta na cariogenic, rashin isasshen hawan hanci, rashin isassun bayyanar Fluoride, rashin Tsabtace baki, hanyoyin da ba su dace ba na ciyar da jarirai, da talauci.

Cavities na iya bunkasa a kowane farfajiyar haƙori, amma sun fi yawa a cikin ramuka da fissures a cikin rami a kan wuraren cinyewa. Dalilin lalacewar hakora shine acid da ƙwayoyin cuta ke samarwa wanda ke narkar da ƙwayoyi masu wuya na hakora (enamel, dentin, da cementum).[1][2] Ana samar da acid ta hanyar kwayoyin cuta lokacin da suka rushe abincin da ya rage ko sukari a saman hakora.[3][4] Wannan shi ne inda burbushin hakora da maganin hakora na Fluoride ba za su iya isa yadda ya kamata ba.[5]

Ɗaya daga cikin alamun farko na caries na iya zama ci gaba da ƙarancin hakora. Idan haƙori ya amsa ga abinci mai zafi, sanyi, ko mai daɗi kuma jin dadi ya ci gaba, wannan na iya nuna rauni.

Cututtukan Gum Gingeritis da Periodontitis suna haifar da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke tarawa a cikin ragowar ƙwayar haƙori. Matsayin Cutar gum ya dogara da saukin kamuwa.

Gishiri na yau da kullun dole ne ya haɗa da gishiri na hakora da gums. Yin amfani da gogewa da kansa, zai hana ci gaba da lalacewar hakora da Cututtukan gum. Neutralising acid bayan cin abinci da akalla sau biyu a rana gogewa tare da maganin hakora mai fluoride zai taimaka wajen hana lalacewar hakora.[1] Motsawa kwararar hawaye yana taimakawa a cikin tsarin remineralisation na hakora, ana iya yin wannan ta hanyar cinye sukari ba tare da sukari ba.[2] Yin amfani da na'urar interdental sau ɗaya a kowace rana zai taimaka wajen rigakafin Cututtukan gum.[3]

Kwararrun tsabtace baki sun haɗa da binciken hakora na yau da kullun da kuma maganin rigakafi na sana'a (tsabtace hakora). Wani lokaci cikakken cire kwayar hakora yana da wahala, kuma ana iya buƙatar taimakon likitan hakora ko mai tsabta.

Fissure sealants da aka yi amfani da su a kan gogewa na hakora, toshe plaque daga kamawa a cikin ramuka da fissures. Masu rufewa suna sa gogewa ya fi tasiri kuma suna hana acid demineralisation da lalacewar hakora. Abinci mai ƙarancin carbohydrates zai rage yawan plaque a kan hakora.