Lalitpur, Nepal

Lalitpur, Nepal
Wuri
27°41′N 85°20′E
Territory claimed by (en)
Kullalliyar Ƙasa	Nepal
Province of Nepal (en)	Bagmati Province (en)
District of Nepal (en)	Lalitpur District (en)
Babban birnin	Lalitpur District (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	513,200 (2020)
• Yawan mutane	32,075 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	16 km²
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo	44700
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	01
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	lalitpurmun.gov.np

Panoramic view of the Kathmandu valley from Swayambhu

Lalitpur ( Nepali : ललितपुर [ ləˈlɪt̪pʊɾ ]) , wanda aka fi sani da Yala ( Nepal Bhasa : 👐👐‎ [ jəˈlʌ ]), birni ne na babban birni kuma birni na huɗu mafi yawan jama'a a Nepal, tare da mazauna 299,843 waɗanda ke zaune a gidaje 77,159 a cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2021. Tana cikin kudu maso tsakiyar kwarin Kathmandu, wani babban kwari a cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka a tsakiyar Nepal, a tsayin mita 1,350 (ƙafa 4,430).

Gadon al'adunta ya haɗa da al'adar fasaha da sana'o'i. Tana da yawan al'umma masu kabilu daban-daban, kuma tana da rinjayen Hindu da Buddha . Bukukuwan addini da al'adu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar mutanen da ke zaune a Kathmandu. Yawon shakatawa muhimmin bangare ne na tattalin arzikin birnin kuma yana shirya bukukuwa da bukukuwa, Lalitpur gida ne ga Patan Durbar Square, wanda UNESCO ta sanya shi a matsayin Wurin Tarihi na Duniya .

Tarihin da ya gabata

Ana kyautata zaton Sarki Varadeva ne ya kafa birnin a shekara ta 290 CE, kodayake tatsuniyoyin gida sun samo asali tun da farko. An san Lalitpur a tarihi da Yala a yaren Newar da kuma Patan a Sanskrit . An ce Sarkin Mauryan Ashoka ya ziyarci yankin a kusan shekara ta 249 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS), yana gina gidaje guda huɗu a manyan wuraren birnin - har yanzu suna nan a matsayin alamun tsohon tarihin addinin Buddha. A lokacin Licchavi (kimanin 400–750 CE), Patan ya fito a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da addini, tare da rubuce-rubuce na farko da sassaka na dutse da ke nuna ci gaban al'adun birane.

Zamanin Malla

Lalitpur ta bunƙasa a zamanin sarakunan Malla (ƙarni na 12-18), waɗanda suka mayar da birnin wani kyakkyawan gini na gine-gine na Newar da tsare-tsaren birane. An gina Dandalin Patan Durbar, wanda yanzu haka ya zama Wurin Tarihi na Duniya na UNESCO, a wannan zamanin, tare da: Krishna Mandir (wanda Sarki Siddhi Narsingh Malla ya gina a shekarar 1637), Hiranya Varna Mahavihar (Haikali na Zinare), Sundari Chowk, Mul Chowk, da sauran farfajiyar sarauta. Birnin ya zama cibiyar aikin ƙarfe, sassaka itace, da sassaka dutse, inda masu sana'a ke fitar da ayyukansu zuwa ƙasashen Asiya . Lalitpur ta ci gaba da kasancewa wani addini na musamman da aka haɗa, inda al'adun Hindu da Buddha suka kasance tare kuma galibi suna haɗuwa a cikin bukukuwa, al'adu, da kuma zane-zanen gumaka. A lokacin rashin zaman lafiya na siyasa, majalisar manyan jami'ai mai suna Shida Pradhans ce ke mulkin Lalitpur.

Zamanin tsakiyar zamani

Mulkin farko na Shah

A shekarar 1768, Prithvi Narayan Shah ta haɗa Lalitpur a lokacin haɗewar Nepal . Ba kamar Kathmandu da Bhaktapur ba, an ruwaito cewa an yi nasarar kwace birnin Patan cikin kwanciyar hankali, kodayake koma bayan tattalin arziki da kuma rashin 'yancin kai ya biyo baya. Sarakunan Shah sun yi amfani da ikon tsakiya a Kathmandu, kuma an rusa kotunan sarauta ta Lalitpur.

Dokar Rana

A lokacin mulkin Rana (1846–1951), Lalitpur ta ga ƙarancin zamani, tare da kayayyakin more rayuwa da ilimi da aka mayar da hankali a kansu a cikin da'irori masu daraja. Birnin ya ci gaba da riƙe asalin sana'arsa ta hannu, inda iyalai suka ci gaba da sana'o'in gargajiya har tsawon tsararraki.

Tarihin zamani

Bayan ƙungiyar Jama'a ta 1990, Lalitpur ta sami haƙƙin shugabancin ƙananan hukumomi kuma ta fara faɗaɗa birane. A shekarar 2017, an ayyana Lalitpur a matsayin birnin Metropolitan a hukumance, wanda ya haɗa da gundumomi da ke kewaye da shi da kuma faɗaɗa isa ga gudanarwa. Yanzu haka birnin ya ƙunshi gundumomi 29.

Yanayin ƙasa

Lalitpur yana kan wani yanki mai tsayi a kwarin Kathmandu a gefen kudu na Kogin Bagmati, wanda ya raba shi da birnin Kathmandu a gefen arewa da yamma. Karmanasa Khola tana aiki a matsayin iyaka a gefen gabas. An ƙera shi ne a kan siraran yadudduka na yumbu da tsakuwa a tsakiyar wani busasshen tafki na da aka sani da Nagdaha . Birnin yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 15.43 kuma an raba shi zuwa gundumomi 29 na birni .

Panoramic view of the Kathmandu valley from Swayambhu

Yanayi

Yanayi yana da yanayi mai zafi sosai da kuma ruwan sama mai yawa a duk shekara. Nau'in rarrabuwar yanayi na Köppen na wannan yanayi shine " Cfa " (Yanayin da ke ƙarƙashin wurare masu zafi da danshi).

Abubuwan tarihi

Dandalin Patan Durbar

Hotunan yammacin Big Bell a dandalin Patan Durbar

UNESCO ta sanya dandalin Patan Durbar a matsayin daya daga cikin yankuna bakwai da suka kunshi wuraren tarihi na duniya na kwarin Kathmandu . Girgizar ƙasa ta lalata dandalin sosai a ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2015.