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Land Back

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Rubuce-rubucen ƙasa tare da alamar anarchist da mai zane mara alaƙa, 2020

Land Back, wanda kuma ake magana da shi da hashtag #LandBack or Rematriation, yaƙin neman zaɓe ne wanda ya fito a ƙarshen 2010s tsakanin ƴan asalin Australiya, ƴan asalin ƙasar Kanada, ƴan asalin ƙasar Amurka a Amurka, sauran ƴan asalin ƙasar da abokan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke neman sake kafa ikon mallakar ƴan asalin ƙasarsu, tare da samun yancin siyasa da tattalin arzikin ƙasarsu. [1] Masu fafutuka sun kuma yi amfani da tsarin Land Back a Mexico, kuma masana sun yi amfani da shi a New Zealand da Fiji.[2][3] Land Back wani bangare ne na yunkurin 'yan asalin ƙasar don mulkin mallaka. [1] [4]

Bayyanawa

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Land Back banner a wani zanga-zanga a Washington, DC, 2024

Land Back yana da niyyar sake kafa ikon siyasa na 'yan asalin ƙasar a kan yankunan da kabilun' yan asalin ƙasar ke da'awar ta yarjejeniya. Masana daga Cibiyar Yellowhead mai gudanarwa a Jami'ar Toronto Metropolitan sun bayyana shi a matsayin tsari na dawo da ikon 'yan asalin ƙasar. Kungiyar NDN ta bayyana shi a matsayin daidai da kawar da mulkin mallaka da rushewar fararen fata.[1] Land Back yana ba da shawara ga haƙƙin 'yan asalin ƙasar, yana adana harsuna da al'adu, kuma yana aiki don ikon cin abinci, gidaje masu kyau, da kuma yanayi mai tsabta.[5]

Da'awar ƙasar Black Hills da zanga-zangar da aka yi a Dutsen Rushmore yayin yaƙin neman zaɓe na Donald Trump na 2020 wani lokaci ne mai jan hankali ga motsi a Amurka. [1]

Falsafa

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Ƙungiyar NDN ta kwatanta yaƙin neman zaɓe na Land Back a matsayin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙungiyoyin 'yan asalin ƙasar da yawa masu kama da yaƙin neman zaɓe na Baƙar fata. [1] Sun ce kamfen ɗin yana ba da damar jagorancin 'yan asalin ƙasar da aka rarraba kuma yana magance wariyar launin fata da' yan asalin ƙasar da ke fuskantar wanda ya samo asali ne daga sata ƙasarsu.[1]

Land Back yana haɓaka komawa ga mallakar filaye na gama gari na gargajiya da na ƴan asalin ƙasar da ba a taɓa yin amfani da su ba kuma ya ƙi tunanin mulkin mallaka na ƙasa da mallakar fili mai zaman kansa. Komawar ƙasa ba kawai tattalin arziki ba ne, har ma yana nuna dawowar dangantaka da mulkin kai.[3]

A wasu lokuta Land Back yana inganta harajin ƙasa wanda ke neman karɓar kudaden shiga ga mutanen da ba 'yan asalin ba.[6]

Sauran nau'ikan Land Back sun haɗa da al'ummomin 'yan asalin da ke kula da wuraren shakatawa na kasa ko Tarayyar Tarayya.

Hanyoyi

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A wasu lokuta, ana mayar wa ’yan asalin ƙasar kai tsaye lokacin da masu zaman kansu, gundumomi, ko gwamnatoci suka ba da ƙasar ga ’yan asalin ƙasar. Wannan na iya ɗaukar nau'i na ma'amala mai sauƙi a cikin tsarin mulkin mallaka na mulkin mallaka.

Ayyukan da 'yan asalin ke jagoranta na iya amfani da amintattun filayen al'umma don tanadin filaye don rukuninsu. [7]

Ayyuka

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A watan Yulin 2020, masu fafutuka daga NDN Collective sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a kan babbar hanyar da ke kaiwa Dutsen Rushmore, inda Donald Trump zai ba da jawabin kamfen. Shafin, wanda aka sani da Sioux a Turanci a matsayin "Kakanni shida," [8] yana kan ƙasa mai tsarki, wanda ba a ba shi ba, ƙarƙashin Da'awar ƙasar Black Hills. Wadannan masu zanga-zangar sun tsara "Land Back Manifesto", wanda ke neman "maido da duk abin da aka sace daga mutanen asali".[9] Har ila yau, a cikin 2020, Mutanen Haudenosaunee daga Kasashe shida na Grand River sun toshe 1492 Land Back Lane don rufe ci gaban gidaje a yankin da ba a ba su ba.

A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 2021, a cikin Rapid City, South Dakota, birni mai kusanci da Pine Ridge Reservation Indian, an kama mutane hudu bayan hawan wani gini a cikin gari tare da rataye tutar Amurka juye-juye da ke dauke da kalmomin "Land Back".[10]

Canja wuri

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  • The Wiyot people have lived for thousands of years on Duluwat Island, in Humboldt Bay on California's northern coast. In 2004 the Eureka City Council transferred land back to the Wiyot tribe, to add to land the Wiyot had purchased.[11] The council transferred another 60 acres (24 ha) in 2006.
  • The Mashpee Wampanoag have lived in Massachusetts and eastern Rhode Island for thousands of years. In 2007, about 300 acres (1.2 km2) of Massachusetts land was put into trust as a reservation for the tribe. Since then, a legal battle has left the tribe's status—and claim to the land—in limbo.[12]
  • In 2016, Dr. Mohan Singh Virick, a Punjabi Sikh doctor who served Indigenous people in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada for 50 years, donated 140 hectares (350 acres) of land to Eskasoni First Nation.[13] He also donated a building in Sydney to help house Eskasoni's growing population.[14]
  • In October 2018, the city of Vancouver, British Columbia returned ancient burial site (the Great Marpole Midden) land back to the Musqueam people. The land is home to ancient remains of a Musqueam house site.
  • In 2019, the United Methodist Church gave 3 acres (1.2 ha) of historic land back to the Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma.[12] The US government in 1819 had promised the tribe 148,000 acres (600 km2) of land in what is now Kansas City, Kansas. When 664 Wyandotte people arrived, the land had been given to someone else.
  • In July 2020, an organization of self-identified Esselen descendants purchased a 1,200 acres (4.9 km2)* near Big Sur, California, as part of a larger $4.5m deal. This acquisition, in historical Esselen lands, aims to protect old-growth forest and wildlife, and the Little Sur River.
  • Land on the Saanich Peninsula in British Columbia was returned to the Tsartlip First Nation in December 2020.
  • Management of the 18,800 acres (76 km2) National Bison Range was transferred from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service back to the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in 2021.
  • In August 2022, the Red Cliff Chippewa in northern Wisconsin had 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) of land along the Lake Superior shoreline returned to them from the Bayfield County government. This came after the tribe signed a 2017 memorandum of understanding with the county, acknowledging the Red Cliff Chippewa's desire to see their reservation boundaries restored in full.
  • In October 2022, a 1-acre site was returned to the Tongva Taraxat Paxaavxa Conservancy by a private resident in Altadena, which marked the first time the Tongva had land in Los Angeles County in 200 years.[15]
  • In 2024, the Government of British Columbia transferred the title of more than 200 islands off Canada's west coast to the Haida people, recognizing the nation's aboriginal land title throughout Haida Gwaii.
  • In 2025, the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians purchased more than 2,000 acres of land near the Table Rocks preserve north of Medford, Oregon.[16][17]
  • On March 21, 2025, Illinois Governor JB Pritzker signed legislation authorizing the transfer of ownership of Shabbona Lake State Park to the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation.
  • In June 2025, the land purchases to create the Blue Creek Salmon Sanctuary and Yurok Tribal Community Forest were completed. Western Rivers Conservancy helped finance the purchases and create the protected area in cooperation with the Yurok Tribe. The land will now be managed by the Yurok Tribe in what is said to be the largest land back conservation deal to date.

Dubi kuma

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  • Shirin Sayen Kasa don Ƙasashen Ƙabilar
  • 'Yancin' Yan asalin ƙasar (a Ostiraliya, a Kanada)
  • Taken Aboriginal a Amurka
  • Shirin Jamhuriyar Lakotah

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Pieratos, Nikki A; Manning, Sarah S; Tilsen, Nick (2021). "Land Back: A meta narrative to help indigenous people show up as movement leaders". Leadership (in Turanci). 17 (1): 47–61. doi:10.1177/1742715020976204. ISSN 1742-7150. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ Barnett, Tracy L. (2022-05-12). "Wixarika Caravan to AMLO: We Want Our #LandBack". The Esperanza Project (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Land, land banks and land back: Accounting, social reproduction and Indigenous resurgence". EPA: Economy and Space. doi:10.1177/0308518X211060842. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ "The "Landback" Movement Would Return Stolen Land to Indigenous Stewardship". In These Times (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named auto2
  6. ↑ Giefer, Lisa (2021-03-09). "Voluntary Land Taxes". Native Governance Center (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  7. ↑ Yesno, Riley (2022). "Land Back". New Internationalist (540): 26–29.
  8. ↑ "Native History: Construction of Mount Rushmore Begins". IndianCountryToday.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  9. ↑ "Landback Manifesto". Landback (in Turanci). NDN Collective. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  10. ↑ "4 arrested after hanging "LANDBACK" flag from Omaha Street grain elevator". Kota TV. 2021.
  11. ↑ "North Coast Journal - July 1, 2004: COVER STORY - The Return of Indian Island - Restoring the center of the Wiyot world". www.northcoastjournal.com. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named auto1
  13. ↑ "Cape Breton doctor to be honoured" (in Turanci). Cape Breton Post. SaltWire Network. October 2, 2017. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Invalid |url-status=deviated (help)
  14. ↑ Ayers, Tom (May 2014). "Respected physician says First Nation needs the land 'more than I do'". Mi’kmaq-Maliseet Nations News. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  15. ↑ X (2022-10-10). "After nearly 200 years, the Tongva community has land in Los Angeles County". Los Angeles Times (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-11-19.
  16. ↑ "Siletz tribe purchases part of ancestral homeland in Southern Oregon". opb (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-03-04.
  17. ↑ "Siletz celebrate historic purchase of land near Table Rocks". opb (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-03-04.
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