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Larabci na Yahudawa da Tunisia

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Larabci na Yahudawa da Tunisia
Baƙaƙen larabci
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3 ajt
Glottolog jude1263[1]

Larabci na Yahudanci-Tunisiya, wanda kuma aka fi sani da Judeo-Tunisiya, Larabci iri-iri ne na Larabci na Tunusiya da Yahudawa mazauna Tunisiya ke magana da su. [1] Masu iya magana manyan manya ne, kuma ƴan ƙarami suna da ilimin harshe kawai.

Mafi yawan Yahudawan Tunusiya sun ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila kuma sun koma yaren Ibrananci a matsayin yarensu na asali . Wadanda ke Faransa yawanci suna amfani da Faransanci a matsayin harshensu na farko, yayin da wasu da suka rage a Tunisia sukan yi amfani da Faransanci ko Larabci na Tunisiya a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun. [2]

Yahudanci-Tunisiya Larabci ɗaya ne daga cikin yarukan Yahudanci-Larabci, tarin yarukan Larabci waɗanda Yahudawan da ke zaune ko waɗanda suke zaune a ƙasashen Larabawa suke magana da su. [3]

Tarihi

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Kafin 1901

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Ƙungiya ta Yahudawa ta kasance a ƙasar Tunisiya a yau tun kafin mulkin Romawa a Afirka . Bayan da Larabawa suka mamaye Arewacin Afirka, wannan al'umma ta fara amfani da Larabci don sadarwa ta yau da kullun. Sun riki yaren kafin Hilaliya na Larabci na Tunusiya a matsayin yaren nasu. Kamar yadda al'ummomin yahudawa suka kasance suna da kusanci da kuma keɓancewa da sauran ƙabilanci da al'ummomin addini na ƙasashensu, [3] yarensu ya bazu zuwa ga 'yan asalinsu a duk faɗin ƙasar [4] kuma ba su kasance tare da harsunan al'ummomin da suka mamaye Tunisia a tsakiyar shekaru ba. [5] Harshen farko game da Larabci na Yahudanci-Tunisiya ya fito ne daga harsunan al'ummomin Yahudawa da suka gudu zuwa Tunisia sakamakon tsanantawa kamar Yahudanci-Spanish . [6] Wannan ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Larabci na Yahudiya-Tunisiya ba shi da tasiri daga yarukan Banu Hilal da Banu Sulaym, kuma ya ƙirƙiri wasu fassarorin sauti da ƙamus waɗanda suka bambanta shi da Larabci na Tunisiya. [5] [7] [8] Wannan kuma ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ba a cire kalmomin Yahudanci-Tunisiya gabaɗaya daga asalin asalinsu fiye da kalmomin Tunisiya.

Bayan 1901

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A cikin 1901, Yahudanci-Tunisiya ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan yarukan Larabci da ake magana da su na Tunisia, tare da dubban masu magana. Masana ilimin harshe sun lura da yanayin musamman na wannan yare, kuma sun sa shi don yin nazari. [6] Daga cikin mutanen da ke nazarin Larabci na Yahudanci-Tunisiya, Daniel Hagege [9] ya lissafa adadin jaridun Larabci na Judeo-Tunisiya daga farkon 1900s a cikin rubutunsa The Circulation of Tunisian Judeo-Arabic Books . a cikin 1903, David Aydan ya buga a cikin Judeo-Larabci "Vidu-i bel arbi", fassarar rubutun al'ada da al'umma ke karantawa a ranar Yom Kippur. An buga rubutun a Djerba, wani muhimmin batu da za a ambata yayin da yawancin ayyukan Yahudawan Tunisiya suka buga a cikin Ibrananci ana buga su a Livorno, Italiya. Shugabanni masu ilimi a cikin al'ummar Yahudawa na Tunisiya kamar dan kasuwa na yumbu Jacob Chemla ya fassara ayyuka da yawa zuwa Yahudanci-Tunisiya, ciki har da <i id="mwww">The Count of Monte Cristo</i> .

Shafin farko na The Count of Monte Cristo a cikin Yahudanci-Tunisiya Larabci

Koyaya, fitowar ta ya ragu sosai tun 1948 saboda ƙirƙirar Isra'ila . Haƙiƙa, al'ummar Yahudawa na Tunisiya sun zaɓi ficewa ko kuma an tilasta musu barin Tunisiya su ƙaura zuwa Faransa ko Isra'ila . A zamanin yau, harshen ya ƙare a cikin mafi yawan ƙasar Tunisiya, ko da har yanzu ƙananan al'ummomin Yahudawa na Tunis, Gabes da Djerba, kuma yawancin al'ummar Yahudawa da suka bar Tunisiya sun zaɓi canza harshensu na sadarwa zuwa babban harshen ƙasarsu ta yanzu.

Halin da ake ciki

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Ƙarfin harshe: Larabci na Yahuda-Tunisiya an yi imanin yana da rauni tare da masu magana da 500 kawai a Tunisia [10] kuma yana da kusan masu magana da 45,000 a cikin Isra'ila [11]

Bambance-bambancen harshe: A Tunisia, labarin kasa yana taka rawa sosai a yadda Larabci na Yahudanci-Tunisiya ya bambanta tsakanin masu magana. [12] A zahiri, Yahudanci-Larabci na Tunisiya na iya bambanta dangane da yankin da ake magana da shi. [12] Saboda haka, manyan yarukan Larabci na Yahudanci-Tunisiya su ne: [12]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Larabci na Yahudawa da Tunisia". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named judeoa
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 (in French) Bar-Asher, M. (1996).
  4. ↑ (in French) Saada, L. (1956).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 (in French) Vanhove, M. (1998).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named leddyc
  7. ↑ (in French) Cohen, D. (1970).
  8. ↑ (in French) Caubet, D. (2000).
  9. ↑ (in French) Saada, L. (1956).
  10. ↑ (in French) Saada, L. (1956).
  11. ↑ (in French) Caubet, D. (2000).
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Henshke, Yehudit (2010). "Different Hebrew Traditions: Mapping Regional Distinctions in the Hebrew Component of Spoken Tunisian Judeo-Arabic". Studies in the History and Culture of North African Jewry: 109. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
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