Leonora Eyles
 Leonora Eyles | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | Margaret Leonora Pitcairn |
| Haihuwa |
Tunstall (en)  da Swindon (en) , 1 Satumba 1889 |
| ƙasa | Birtaniya |
| Mutuwa | 27 ga Yuli, 1960 |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama |
David Murray (en) |
| Yara |
view
|
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
Marubuci, ɗan jarida, Mai kare hakkin mata, memoirist (en) da marubuci |
Margaret Leonora Eyles (née Pitcairn, daga baya Murray ; 1 Satumba 1889 - 27 Yuli 1960) marubuciya ce ta Ingilishi, marubuciya Kamewa (1922) masu suka sun siffanta shi da "mafi ƙaƙƙarfan maganarta ta almara na sarƙoƙi da ke ɗaure mata, jiki da ruhi."
Rayuwar farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Eyles a Swindon, Wiltshire, a matsayin babba a cikin 'ya'ya uku na Andrew Tennant Pitcairn (1861-1905) da matarsa Rosa, née Bevan (1863 ko 1864-1902). Arzikin tukunyar tukwane na Staffordshire na mahaifinta yana raguwa. Ta girma a Tunstall kusa da Stoke-on-Trent . Ta yi karatu a makarantun rana kuma ta sami gurbin karatu don zama malamin makaranta a makarantar allo a lokacin tana da shekaru 14. Bayan mahaifiyarta ta rasu mahaifinta ya sake yin aure, amma shi ma ya rasu bayan shekara uku, ya bar ta a hannun wata matashiyar uwarsa da ba ta haihuwa.
Da yake an hana ta a gida ta zama wuri a kwalejin horar da malamai, ta gudu zuwa Landan tana da shekaru 18 kuma ta sami aikin da ba ta biya ba ta magance ambulan. Sai ta sayar da wasu abubuwan da mahaifiyarta ta bar mata kuma ta tara kuɗin da za ta ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya a matsayin mai hidima. A can ta yi aure, a cikin kimanin 1909, dalibin likitancin Alfred William Eyles (an haife shi a shekara ta 1880), dan Sir Alfred Eyles, kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya uku a 1910, 1912 da 1914, biyu na karshe a London. Duk da haka, Eyles ya bar ta don ta reno su da kanta. Ta zauna a Peckham, kudu maso gabashin London, tana yin aikin da ba a biya ba, har sai da ta sami matsayi a matsayin marubucin roko na kungiyar agaji Barnardo .
Rubuce-rubuce
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Eyles ya shafe yakin duniya na farko a matsayin ma'aikacin bindiga a Woolwich Arsenal tare da wasu mata 2000. An rubuta abubuwan da aka hana ta a cikin Mace a cikin Ƙananan Gidan (1922), wanda ya fara bayyana a matsayin serial a Time da Tide . A cikin 1928, ta auri ɗan jarida, David Leslie Murray, wanda ya gyara Karin Adabin Zamani a cikin 1938 – 1944, amma ta riƙe sunan Eyles don rubuce-rubucenta. Ta zama mai magana da ƴan kasuwa da ake nema kuma marubuciyar gurguzu kafin daga bisani ta shiga takardan mata ta Mallakin Mallakar mata a matsayin "kaji mai radadi" .
Mai son zaman lafiya, mai ra'ayin gurguzu da mai cin ganyayyaki, Eyles ma ya zama mai sha'awar ilimin tauhidi, amma ta yi watsi da zaman lafiyarta a yakin duniya na biyu. Gwagwarmayarta a bayyane take daga aikinta na tarihin rayuwarta na 'Yata Abokina (1941), wanda aka yiwa 'yar tata, Vivyan Leonora Eyles (1909-1984), wacce ta kasance a Italiya tare da mijinta dan Italiya, Mario Praz . Margaret Leonora Eyles an tuna da yarinta mai ban tausayi a cikin Ram Escapes (1953). [1]
Littattafan da aka fi tunawa da ita sun kai hari kuma sun ba da shawarar hanyoyin da za a bi don kawar da zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da jima'i na mata: Matsalolin Mata na Yau (1926), Careers for Women (1930), Commonsense game da Jima'i (1933), da kuma Cin Abinci mai kyau a lokacin Yaƙi (1940). Waɗannan kuma sun sami goyan bayan litattafanta na “slum”: Margaret Protests (1919) ta bambanta rashi na birni da ’yancin ƙauye, yayin da ake nazarin batun da ake cece-kuce game da hana haihuwa. Hidden Lives (1922) ya ta'allaka ne akan likitan mata a gabaɗaya.
Eyles kuma ya rubuta wasu almara na aikata laifuka.
Mutuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Eyles ta mutu a ranar 27 ga Yuli 1960 a gidanta a Hampstead, London, tana da shekaru 71. Ta kasance tana fama da matsalolin hanji da ciwon suga .
Bangaren littafi mai tsarki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An ɗauko daga Kundin Kuɗi na Musamman na Laburare na Biritaniya. Waɗannan bugu ne na farko, duk an buga su a Landan.
- Margaret Protests (Erskine Macdonald, 1919)
- Hidden Lives (Heinemann, 1922)
- Captivity (Heinemann, 1922)
- The Woman in the Little House, etc. (Grant Richards, 1922)
- The Hare of Heaven (Andrew Melrose, 1923)
- Family Love, etc. (Andrew Melrose, 1923)
- Elfin Gold (Mascot Novels, [1923])
- Women's Problems of To-day (Labour Publishing, 1926)
- Shepherd of Israel (Constable, 1929)
- Feeding the Family. Hints for the intelligent housewife (Cayme Press, 1929)
- Strength of the Spirit (Constable, 1930)
- Careers for Women (Mathews & Marrot, 1930)
- Commonsense about Sex (Gollancz, 1936)
- Death of a Dog (Hutchinson, 1936)
- They Wanted Him Dead! (Hutchinson, 1936)
- No Second Best (Hutchinson, 1939)
- Eat Well in War-Time (Gollancz, 1940)
- For My Enemy Daughter (Gollancz, 1941)
- Cutting the Coat. A book for every housewife in war-time (Hutchinson, 1941)
- Unmarried but Happy (Gollancz, 1947)
- Is Your Problem Here? (Sampson Low, Marston, 1947)
- Sex for the Engaged (Robert Hale, 1952)
- The Ram Escapes. The story of a Victorian childhood (Peter Nevill, 1953)
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tushe
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Nicola Beauman : Babban Sana'a (1983) yayi magana mai tsawo da Eyles "maganin zubar da ciki, hana haihuwa, da sha'awa".