Linda Malnati
 Linda Malnati | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa | Milano, 19 ga Augusta, 1855 |
| ƙasa |
Kingdom of Italy (en)  |
| Mazauni | Milano |
| Mutuwa |
Lake Como (en) da Blevio (en) , 22 Oktoba 1921 |
| Makwanci |
monumental cemetery of Milan (en) |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
marubuci, Mai kare hakkin mata, pacifist (en) , trade unionist (en) , edita da suffragist (en) |
Linda Malnati (19 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1855 - 22 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1921) ta kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata ta Italiya, mai fafutuka, mai fafatawa, mai zaman lafiya da kuma malami. Ana tunawa da ita saboda kokarin da ta yi na inganta yanayin aiki na malamai daga shekarun 1890, saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga mujallu da ke kira ga inganta yanayin mata masu aiki kuma, a cikin shekarun 1900, don goyon bayanta ga kuri'un mata. Ta kasance memba mai aiki a kungiyoyin mata daban-daban.
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1855 a Milan, Linda Malnati 'yar Giacomo da Carolina Pedrioli ce. Ta sami ilimi a cikin yanayin dimokuradiyya na birnin, ta sami sha'awar adalci na zamantakewa da 'yancin mata, wanda' yan mata Laura Solera Mantegazza, Alessandrina Massini Ravizza da Anna Maria Mozzoni suka rinjayi sosai.[1]Rubutu mai gwaɓi
Rayuwar sana'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Labarinta na farko, wanda aka buga a cikin mujallar Republican Libertà da associazione shine Alle donne e specialmente alle donne italiane (Ga Mata da Musamman ga Mata na Italiya). A shekara ta 1875, Majalisa ta Milan ta yi mata aiki a matsayin malami a makaranta don ƙananan maki, kuma a cikin 1888 don manyan maki. Ta sadaukar da kanta ga koyarwa, ta yi imanin cewa ilimi da 'yanci sun kasance a bayan sake farfado da al'umma, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban dimokuradiyya. Ta kuma himmatu ga inganta yanayin rayuwa da aiki na malamai, gami da daidaitattun albashi ga maza da mata, batun da ta rubuta game da shi a cikin mujallu da jaridu daban-daban.[1]
Tare da ra'ayi na ƙarfafa ma'aikatan mata su shirya kansu, tare da Anna Kuliscioff da Carlotta Clerici, a cikin 1890 ta kafa sashen mata a Kamara del lavoro na Milan, ta kafa wani nau'in ƙungiyar kwadago. A shekara ta 1893, ta kafa wani sashi ga malamai yayin da take farfadowa da kuma shugabancin Lega per la tutela degli interest femminili (League for Protecting Women's Interests) wanda Mozzoni ya kirkira a 1881. A ƙarshen shekarun 1890, ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar ma'aikata, musamman a abubuwan da suka faru a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1898. [1]
Rubuta a cikin Vita femminile (Rayuwar Mata), ta yi sharhi game da dangantakar da ke tsakanin zamantakewa da mata, tana kira ga mata da su hada gwagwarmayar aji tare da gwagwarmaya ta jinsi. Daga cikin kungiyoyin mata da ta kasance mai aiki, a cikin 1903 ta kafa Comitato per il risveglio dell'__wol____wol____wol__ (Kwamitin don Tashin Ayyukan Mata) a karkashin Kungiyar Malamai ta Milan. Wannan ya sa malamai maza da yawa suka kafa nasu kungiyar maza.[1] Ta kuma inganta ilimin makarantar sakandare kuma ta goyi bayan Jami'ar Milan Popular a matsayin memba na kwamitin gudanarwa. [2]
Ya bambanta da koyarwar jam'iyyar gurguzu, Malnati ta dauki 'yancin mata a matsayin tushe na' yancin mata da ci gaba. Bayan da Roberto Mirabelli ya tayar da batun zaɓen duniya a tattaunawar majalisa a 1904, tare da Mozzoni ta kafa Comitato milanese Pro Suffragio (Milan Suffrage Committee) a 1906 [3] da kuma kwamitin daidaitawa na kasa. A taron Milan a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1907 wanda Katolika suka shirya, ta jaddada muhimmancin kuri'u ga mata.[1] A shekara mai zuwa, a Majalisar Mata ta Italiya ta Kasa, ta kai ga gabatar da wani yunkuri na hana ilimin addini a makarantun firamare, ta maye gurbinsa da nau'ikan addini. Bayan an karɓi motsi, Katolika sun yanke haɗin gwiwarsu tare da ƙungiyoyin mata na duniya, suna ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar mata ta kansu.
A shekara ta 1914, tare da Clerci ta ba da shawarar kafa ƙungiyar don tsaka-tsaki. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko, ta taimaka tare da aikin taimakon farar hula da kuma kula da 'yan gudun hijira. Daga shekara ta 1914 zuwa 1920, ta gudanar da gidan marayu na Le Stelline wanda ta daɗe tana da alaƙa da shi. A shekara ta 1917, ta sake komawa kan hanyar zaman lafiya, ta inganta sa hannun kasa da kasa.[1]
Da yake fama da mummunar rashin lafiya, Linda Malnati ta yi ritaya zuwa Blevio a gabashin Tekun Como inda ta mutu a ranar 22 ga Oktoba 1921. [1][2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Scaramuzza, Emma. "Malnati, Linda" (in Italian). Treccani. Retrieved 20 February 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)Scaramuzza, Emma. "Malnati, Linda" (in Italian). Treccani. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Colombo, Arturo. "Linda Malnati" (in Italian). Milanoattraverso. Retrieved 20 February 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)Colombo, Arturo. "Linda Malnati" (in Italian). Milanoattraverso. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
- ↑ Colombo, Arturo. "Linda Malnati e la difesa dell lavoratrici". Società Umanitaria Milano. Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.